Chaperone or Chaperon may refer to:

• Chaperone (social) or chaperon, a person who accompanies or supervises young people on social occasions
• Chaperone (clinical), a person who acts as a witness during a medical examination or procedure
• Chaperon (headgear), a form of hood or hat worn in Western Europe in the Middle Ages

• Chaperone (protein), a protein that assists non-covalent folding/unfolding
• Co-chaperone, a protein that assists a chaperone in protein folding and other functions
• Pharmacological chaperone, a molecule which stabilizes protein folding, used in treatment for loss of function
• Chaperone-mediated autophagy, a selective type of autophagy
• MEAI or "Chaperon", a pharmaceutical drug used as a safer alternative to alcohol

• Bob Chaperon (born 1958), a retired Canadian snooker and billiards player
• Nicolas Chaperon (died 1656), a French painter, draughtsman and engraver
• Philippe Chaperon (1823–1907), a French scenographer

• Chaperonin
• The Chaperone (disambiguation)