Beale Piano is a brand of pianos which was formerly manufactured in Sydney, Australia.

Octavius Beale established a business to import pianos and sewing machines in Sydney in 1884. He imported German upright pianos, of which a few survive today – these are known as "Habsburg Beale". At that time, it was common practice to import German made pianos and attach local branding.

Prior to establishing this business, Beale had been involved with Hugo Wertheim in a piano and sewing machine importing business in Melbourne. These pianos are worth restoring and preserving and represent the beginnings of modern piano manufacture in Australia.

In 1893, Beale established Australia’s first piano factory in Sydney. In 1902, Beale opened a new factory at Annandale, which went on to become the largest piano factory in the southern hemisphere and the British Empire in the early 1900s.

Beale introduced the all-iron tuning system, for which a patent was granted in 1902. This tuning system was referred to in earlier Beale pianos as the "Beale-Vader tuning system".

Also, Beale focused on making pianos with local timbers and sought to make pianos which were suited to the changeable Australian climate.

The Beale factory was self-contained and made every element of the pianos, resulting in a broad range of trades working to produce instruments.

Activities conducted in the factory included:

• Brass and iron foundries
• Timber works, including drying kilns, manufacture of veneers, joinery and cabinetry
• Paint and pattern shops
• Machining and electroplating
• Keyboard action-making and fitting
• Tuning and intoning
• Polishing rooms
• Experimental laboratories

The business continued to operate after Octavius Beale’s death in a car accident in 1930.

During World War II, production of pianos was suspended to make way for the manufacture of wooden parts for de Havilland Mosquito aircraft.

After World War II, Beale recommenced production of pianos. The business was sold to W. H. Paling & Co. in 1961.

Social change and the availability of cheap imports led to the decline in demand for pianos. In particular, the availability of recorded music and later the introduction of radio and television, heralded significant change in the pattern of social life in Australia and resulted in a decline in piano-playing.

Production of pianos in Australia ceased in 1975. It is estimated that Beale produced 95,000 pianos in Australia.

The Beale brand is now applied to pianos which are manufactured in China.

While Australia no longer mass-produces pianos, there are two Australian manufacturers of very high quality grand pianos – Overs and Stuart and Sons. Their pianos present a showcase for Australian piano manufacturing. Overs pianos are pianos built by other makers which Overs redesigns and improves tonally and sometimes structurally depending on the make, age and client's order and budget. A third maker Mr. Court had built some pianos in Darwin in the last twenty years.

Australian piano manufacturers

Historic:

• Wertheim Piano

Current:

• Stuart and Sons

• History of Beale pianos and Serial Number List - from the Overs Piano website
• National Library of Australia article regarding historic Beale Piano advertising catalogues
• Australian Dictionary of Biography Online entry for Octavius Beale