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Banners of Inner Mongolia

Banner
Manchu: gūsa
Gūsa (romanized)
Classical Mongolian: ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠱᠤᠬᠤ qosiγu bošuγu hôxûû bôxig (romanized)
Chinese: 旗 (character)
qí (Pinyin romanization)
Cyrillic Mongolian: Хошуу (cyrillized)
khoshuu (romanized)
Mongolian script: ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ Hôxûû or Hûxûû
This article contains Mongolian script. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of text in Mongolian script.

A banner (Chinese: 旗; pinyin: qí, "khoshun" in Mongolian) is an administrative division of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China, equivalent to a county-level administrative division.

Banners were first used during the Qing dynasty, which organized the Mongols into banners, except those who belonged to the Eight Banners. Each banner had sums as nominal subdivisions. In Inner Mongolia, several banners made up a league. In the rest, including Outer Mongolia, northern Xinjiang, and Qinghai, Aimag (Аймаг) was the largest administrative division. While it restricted the Mongols from crossing banner borders, the dynasty protected Mongolia from population pressure from China proper. After the Mongolian People's Revolution, the banners of Outer Mongolia were abolished in 1923.[1]

There were 49 banners and 24 tribes in Inner Mongolia during the Republic of China.[2]

Today, banners are a county-level division in the Chinese administrative hierarchy. There are 52 in total, including 3 autonomous banners.[3]

Banners

Administrative divisions
of China
Province-level (1st)
Municipalities

Provinces

Autonomous regions

Special administrative regions
Sub-provincial cities

Sub-provincial autonomous prefectures

Sub-provincial city districts
Prefecture-level (2nd)
Prefectural cities

Autonomous prefectures

Leagues (Aimag)
(abolishing)

Prefectures

(abolishing)
Sub-prefectural cities

Provincial-controlled cities

Provincial-controlled counties

Provincial-controlled districts
County level (3rd)
Counties

Autonomous counties

County-level cities

Districts
Ethnic districts

Banners (Hoxu)
Autonomous banners

Shennongjia Forestry District

Liuzhi Special District

Wolong Special Administrative Region

Workers and peasants districts

(obsolete)
Analogous county level units
Management areas
Management committee
Township level (4th)
Townships

Ethnic townships

Towns

Subdistricts
Subdistrict bureaux

Sum

Ethnic sum

County-controlled districts
County-controlled district bureaux
(obsolete)

Management committees

Town-level city

(pilot)
Analogous township level units
Management areas
Management committee

Areas

Farms area (Overseas Chinese Farm Region [zh]), Prison area, University towns, etc.
(Grassroots Autonomous Organizations)

Villages · Gaqa · Ranches
Village Committees

Communities

Residential Committees
Others
Regions

Capital cities

New areas

Autonomous administrative divisions

National central cities

Special Economic Zones

History: before 1912, 1912–49, 1949–present

Administrative division codes

The following list of 49 individual banners is sorted alphabetically according to each specific title (i.e., ignoring adjectives such as New, Old, Left, Right, etc.)

Autonomous banners

An autonomous banner (Chinese: 自治旗; pinyin: zìzhìqí) is a special type of banner set up by the government of China. There are three autonomous banners, all of which are found in northeastern Inner Mongolia, each with a designated ethnic majority other than Han or Mongol that is a national ethnic minority:

Banner-converted cities/counties

See also

References

  1. ^ "1921 оны Ардын хувьсгал, 1921-1924 оны ардчилсан өөрчлөлтүүд". mnutulgatan (in Mongolian). Archived from the original on 1 March 2020. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
  2. ^ Yin-t'ang Chang (1933). The Economic Development and Prospects of Inner Mongolia (Chahar, Suiyuan, and Ningsia). Commercial Press, Limited. p. 62.
  3. ^ "Inner Mongolia Government Promotes Mongolian Language". CECC. 30 August 2006. Retrieved 24 January 2023. The 52 banners in the IMAR are…
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banner_(Inner_Mongolia)