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Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs

United States
Assistant Secretary of State
for European and Eurasian Affairs
Seal of the United States Department of State
Flag of an Assistant Secretary of State
since October 5, 2023
Reports toUnder Secretary of State for Political Affairs
NominatorPresident of the United States
Inaugural holderGeorge Walbridge Perkins Jr.
FormationAugust 1949
WebsiteOfficial website

The Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs is a position within the United States Department of State that leads the Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs charged with implementing American foreign policy in Europe and Eurasia, and with advising the Under Secretary for Political Affairs on matters relating to diplomatic missions within that area.

Originally, the Department of State first established a Division of Western European Affairs in 1909, which handled European states primarily bordering on the Atlantic Ocean and their colonies. The Division of Near Eastern Affairs handled relations with most Central, Eastern, and Southern European countries until after World War I. During the interwar period, responsibility for much of Central and Eastern Europe shifted to the Division of European Affairs, although Greece, Turkey, and Cyprus were handled as part of the Near East until April 18, 1974. Following World War II, the department completed the transfer of responsibility for the former colonies of European nations, except Canada, to the Bureaus of Near Eastern, South Asian, African Affairs, and Far Eastern Affairs.

The Department of State later established the Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs in 1949. This came after the Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of Government, also known as the Hoover Commission, recommended that certain offices be upgraded to bureau level after Congress had increased the number of Assistant Secretaries of State from six to ten. On September 14, 1983, an administrative action changed the title of the incumbent to Assistant Secretary of State for European and Canadian Affairs. On January 12, 1999, the title was changed back to Assistant Secretary for European Affairs.

Officeholders

# Name Assumed office Left office President served under
Assistant Secretaries of State for European Affairs
1 George Walbridge Perkins, Jr. August 1, 1949 January 31, 1953 Harry S. Truman
2 Livingston T. Merchant March 16, 1953 May 6, 1956 Dwight D. Eisenhower
- James Williams Riddleberger [1]
3 Charles Burke Elbrick February 14, 1957 November 16, 1958
4 Livingston T. Merchant November 18, 1958[2] August 20, 1959
- Walter C. Dowling [3]
5 Foy D. Kohler December 11, 1959[4] August 19, 1962 Dwight D. Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy
6 William R. Tyler September 2, 1962 May 18, 1965 John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson
7 John M. Leddy June 16, 1965 February 19, 1969 Lyndon B. Johnson
8 Martin J. Hillenbrand February 20, 1969 April 30, 1972 Richard Nixon
9 Walter John Stoessel Jr. August 9, 1972 January 7, 1974
10 Arthur A. Hartman January 8, 1974 June 8, 1977 Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford
11 George S. Vest June 16, 1977 April 14, 1981 Jimmy Carter
12 Lawrence Eagleburger May 14, 1981 January 26, 1982 Ronald Reagan
Assistant Secretaries of State for European and Canadian Affairs
13 Richard R. Burt February 18, 1983[5] July 18, 1985 Ronald Reagan
14 Rozanne L. Ridgway July 19, 1985 June 30, 1989[6]
15 Raymond G. H. Seitz August 8, 1989 April 30, 1991 George H. W. Bush
16 Thomas Niles October 3, 1991 April 1, 1993
17 Stephen A. Oxman April 2, 1993 August 15, 1994 Bill Clinton
18 Richard Holbrooke September 13, 1994 February 21, 1996
19 John C. Kornblum July 3, 1996 August 1, 1997
20 Marc Grossman August 5, 1997 May 31, 2000
Assistant Secretaries of State for European Affairs
20 Marc Grossman August 5, 1997 May 31, 2000 Bill Clinton
21 James F. Dobbins January 4, 2001[7] June 1, 2001[8] Bill Clinton and George W. Bush
22 A. Elizabeth Jones June 1, 2001 February 28, 2005 George W. Bush
Assistant Secretaries of State for European and Eurasian Affairs
22 A. Elizabeth Jones June 1, 2001 February 28, 2005 George W. Bush
23 Daniel Fried May 5, 2005 January 20, 2009
24 Philip H. Gordon May 15, 2009 March 11, 2013 Barack Obama
25 Victoria Nuland September 18, 2013 January 20, 2017
- John A. Heffern (acting) January 20, 2017 August 23, 2017 Donald Trump
26 A. Wess Mitchell October 12, 2017 February 15, 2019
- Michael Murphy (Senior Bureau Official)[9] February 18, 2019 March 18, 2019
- Philip T. Reeker (acting) March 18, 2019 July 31, 2021[10] Donald Trump
- Joe Biden
- Maureen Cormack (acting) August 2, 2021 September 28, 2021[11] Joe Biden
27 Karen Donfried September 30, 2021[12] March 31, 2023
- Dereck J. Hogan (acting) April 1, 2023 July 10, 2023
- Yuri Kim (acting) July 10, 2023 October 5, 2023
28 James C. O'Brien October 5, 2023 Incumbent

References

  1. ^ Appointed on October 15, 1956; declined appointment.
  2. ^ Initially commissioned during Senate recess; after confirmation by Senate, re-commissioned on January 29, 1959.
  3. ^ Appointed August 26, 1959, but never took oath of office.
  4. ^ Initially commissioned during Senate recess; after confirmation by Senate, re-commissioned on January 27, 1960.
  5. ^ He was first nominated on May 10, 1982, but the Senate did not act on this first nomination.
  6. ^ The State Department's website [1] gives the date as June 30, 1985, but given the context, this appears to be a typo for 1989.
  7. ^ He had previously been nominated on September 26, 2000, but the Senate did not act on that nomination.
  8. ^ Department Of State. The Office of Electronic Information, Bureau of Public Affairs. "Dobbins, James". 2001-2009.state.gov. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  9. ^ "Technical Difficulties".
  10. ^ "Philip T. Reeker". United States Department of State. Retrieved 2021-09-28.
  11. ^ "Maureen E. Cormack". United States Department of State. Retrieved 2021-10-05.
  12. ^ "Technical Difficulties".
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_State_for_European_and_Canadian_Affairs