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Arctostaphylos manzanita

This article is about common manzanita. For the other species called "whiteleaf manzanita", see Arctostaphylos viscida. For other plants called "manzanita", see Arbutoideae.

Arctostaphylos manzanita
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Ericaceae
Genus: Arctostaphylos
Species:
A. manzanita
Binomial name
Arctostaphylos manzanita

One of many species of manzanita, Arctostaphylos manzanita has the common names common manzanita and whiteleaf manzanita.

Arctostaphylos manzanita is endemic to California, where it can be found in the Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada foothills. It is common on chaparral slopes and low-elevation coniferous forest ecosystems.

Description

The Arctostaphylos manzanita leaves are bright shiny green, wedge-shaped and pointed. The small white flowers, only a quarter inch long, are cup-shaped and hang upside down. The fruits are berries which are white when new and turn red-brown as the summer wears on. The bark on the long, crooked branches is reddish, making the shrub easily identifiable as a manzanita. It grows into a twisted tree about 15 feet tall.

Like other manzanitas, this species has a hard, attractive wood that has proved useful for making tools and as firewood. The fruit is edible and has a pleasant tartness, but the seeds cause gastrointestinal upset if eaten in large quantities. It has historically been brewed into a cider, including by Native Americans.[1] They are also consumed by bears and chipmunks.[2]

Subspecies

There are several subspecies:

  • A. m. elegans - Konocti manzanita
  • A. m. glaucescens - Whiteleaf manzanita
  • A. m. laevigata - Contra Costa manzanita
  • A. m. manzanita - Whiteleaf manzanita
  • A. m. roofii - Roof's manzanita
  • A. m. wieslanderi - Wieslander's manzanita

See also

References

  1. ^ Whitney, Stephen (1985). Western Forests (The Audubon Society Nature Guides). New York: Knopf. p. 377. ISBN 0-394-73127-1.
  2. ^ Peattie, Donald Culross (1953). A Natural History of Western Trees. New York: Bonanza Books. p. 672.
  • Casebeer, M. (2004). Discover California Shrubs. Sonora, California: Hooker Press. ISBN 0-9665463-1-8


Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctostaphylos_manzanita