Archer
Archer River, Cape York
Location of Archer River mouth in Queensland
Location
Country	Australia
State	Queensland
Region	Far North Queensland
Settlement	Aurukun
Physical characteristics
Source	McIlwraith Range
• location	north of Coen
• elevation	138 m (453 ft)
Mouth	Gulf of Carpentaria
• location	Archer Bay
• coordinates	13°25′12″S 141°43′9″E / 13.42000°S 141.71917°E / -13.42000; 141.71917
• elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Length	268 km (167 mi)
Basin size	13,820 km2 (5,340 sq mi)
Discharge
• average	222 m3/s (7,800 cu ft/s)
Basin features
Tributaries
• left	Coen River
• right	The Dry River
National park	Oyala Thumotang National Park
[1]

The Archer River is a river located on the Cape York Peninsula, Far North Queensland, Australia.

The headwaters of the river rise in the McIlwraith Range and it flows west, traversing tropical savanna plains and wetlands, flowing through Piccaninny Plains Sanctuary and Oyala Thumotang National Park, and enters the Archer Bay in the Gulf of Carpentaria on the western side of the peninsula near the town of Aurukun along with the Watson River and the Ward River.

The catchment area for the Archer River is 13,820 square kilometres (5,336 sq mi).^[2] During the wet season between November and April, the river floods, replenishing over a million hectares of wetlands.^[3] The Coen River is a tributary of the Archer River.

The river remains in a natural state with very little development and just one small dam that supplies water for the town of Coen.^[2] On 3 April 2009, Queensland Premier Anna Bligh announced the Archer River would be included under the Wild Rivers Act, 2005 (Qld).^[4] The declaration means the river's fragile ecosystems will be protected by allowing only sustainable activities within its catchment.

The river has an average discharge of 7,010 gigalitres (9.169×10⁹ cu yd) per annum.^[5]

Much of the river is bordered by fig-dominated gallery rainforests, which provide habitat for animals such as the white-tailed rat, spotted cuscus and palm cockatoo. Toothless catfish are found in the river.

A total of 45 species of fish have been found in the river, including the glassfish, barred grunter, silver cobbler, fly-specked hardyhead, mouth almighty, goby, barramundi, oxeye herring, eastern rainbowfish, bony bream, gulf saratoga, giant gudgeon, freshwater longtom and seven-spot archerfish.^[6]

The traditional owners of the area are the Wik,^[7] Kaantju^[8] and Wikampama peoples.^[9]

The river was named in 1865 by Francis Lascelles Jardine and Alexander Jardine during an expedition through the area. They named the river after the Archer brothers of Gracemere in Rockhampton. The river had probably been named Dubbelde Ree by Willem Jansz in 1606 and later named Coen River by Jan Carstensz in 1623 and then named Peach River by Robert Logan Jack in 1879.^[10]

• List of rivers of Australia § Queensland