Arame of Urartu
| Arame | |
|---|---|
| King of Urartu | |
| Reign | 858–844 BC |
| Predecessor | Kingdom established |
| Successor | Lutipri or Sarduri I |
Arame or Aramu ((Ruled 858–844 BC) was the first known king of Urartu.[1]
Living at the time of King Shalmaneser III of Assyria (ruled 859–824 BC), Arame fought against the threat of the Assyrian Empire. His capital at Arzashkun was captured by Shalmaneser.[2] Sagunia, a previous capital, which was also captured by Shalamaneser, seems to have been located in the vicinity of Lake Van[3][4][5] or Lake Urmia.[6][7]
Arame has been suggested as the prototype of both Aram (and, correspondingly the popular given name Aram)[8] and Ara the Beautiful, two of the legendary forefathers of the Armenian people.[9] Khorenatsi's History (1.5) puts them six and seven generations after Haik,[10] in the chronology of historian Mikayel Chamchian dated to the 19th to 18th century BC.
According to Armen Petrosyan, the name Arame is likely an Armenian name originally derived from Proto-Indo-European *rēmo-, meaning "black".[11] The name is likely etymologically related to Hindu Rama.[12]
He is not to be confused with another king Aramu (also known as Adramu and Atarsamek) who ruled at the same time in Bit Agusi and also fought Shalemaneser III.
See also
References
- ^ History in Africa, Volume 2, p. 93. African Studies Association., 1975.
- ^ The Ancient Assyrians - Page 12 by Mark Healy
- ^ Robert Rollinger. "From Sargon of Agade and the Assyrian Kings to Khusrau I and Beyond". p. 727. 2012. https://www.academia.edu/1817630/Robert_Rollinger_From_Sargon_of_Agade_and_the_Assyrian_Kings_to_Khusrau_I_and_beyond_on_the_persistence_of_Ancient_Near_Eastern_Traditions_In_Giovanni_B_Lanfranchi_Daniele_Morandi_Bonacossi_C_Pappi_Simonetta_Ponchia_Eds_LEGGO_Studies_presented_to_Prof_Frederick_Mario_Fales_on_the_Occasion_of_his_65th_Birthday_Leipziger_Altorientalische_Studien_2_Wiesbaden_Harrassowitz_2012_725_743
- ^ John Boardman, ed. The Cambridge Ancient History (3rd Edition). Cambridge University Press. 1982. p. 334. https://archive.org/stream/iB_Ca/03-01_djvu.txt
- ^ Mack Chahin. The Kingdom of Armenia: New Edition. Routledge. 2001. https://books.google.com/books?id=uXj_AQAAQBAJ&dq=sugunia+urartu&pg=PT60
- ^ Trevor Bryce. The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia. Taylor & Francis. p. 665. 2009.
- ^ Kamal-Aldin Niknami, Ali Hozhabri, eds. Archaeology of Iran in the Historical Period. p. 41. 2020.
- ^ "Արամ" in H. Ačaṙean (1926-35), Hayocʿ Anjnanunneri Baṙaran (Yerevan: Yerevan State University), 2nd ed., 1942-62
- ^ Lang (1970), p. 85.
- ^ Авдиев В. И. «История Древнего Востока», М.: «Высшая школа», 1970, с. 419 420.
- ^ Petrosyan, Armen The Indo-European and Ancient Near Eastern Sources of the Armenian Epic [1] (2002) pp. 73.
- ^ Petrosyan, Armen. Toward the Origins of the Armenian People: The Problem of the Identification of the Proto-Armenians: A Critical Review [2] (2007). pp. 31.
- David Marshall Lang, Armenia: Cradle of Civilization (1970).