Andrei Tsikota
Andrei Tsikota 祁高德 | |
|---|---|
| Exarch and Apostolic Administrator for Catholics of the Eastern Rite in Manchuria | |
 | |
| Native name | Андрэй Цікота |
| Church | Catholic Church |
| Archdiocese | Russian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Harbin |
| Appointed | 20 October 1939 |
| Term ended | 13 February 1952 |
| Predecessor | Vendelín Javorka |
| Previous post(s) | Superior General of the Congregation of Marian Fathers of the Immaculate Conception |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 13 June 1914 by Vincent Kliuchynski |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 5 December 1891 |
| Died | 11 February 1952 near Bratsk, Soviet Union |
| Nationality | Belarusian |
| Denomination | Catholic |
Archmandrite Andrei Tsikota MIC (Chinese: 祁高德, Belarusian: Андрэй Цікота, Andrej Cikota, Polish: Andrzej Cikoto, also Andrew Cikoto;[1] 5 December 1891, Vilno Governorate - 11 February 1952, Irkutsk Oblast) was a Belarusian Roman Catholic and Greek Catholic priest, Superior General of the Congregation of Marian Fathers of the Immaculate Conception, Ordinary of the Russian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Harbin, member of the Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic.
Biography
Education, early years
Andrei Tsikota was born into a peasant family in Plavushka, now Smarhon District, northwestern Belarus, then part of the Russian Empire. He graduated from a gymnasium in Ashmiany, a seminary in Vilno and from the Theological Academy in St. Petersburg (1917). On 13 June 1914 he was ordained to the priesthood by Archbishop Vincent Kliuchynski. After graduation, Fr. Tsikota served as the pastor of the Maladzechna parish.
In May 1917, Tsikota participated in the first congress of Belarusian Roman Catholic clergy that took place in Minsk.
In 1918, Tsikota moved to Minsk to teach at a priest seminary. In the same year, he also became member of the Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic. In 1919, he was member of the Provisional Belarusian National Committee (Belarusian: Часовы беларускі нацыянальны камітэт), a Belarusian coordination body on the territory controlled by Poland during the Soviet-Polish War.[2]
In interwar Poland
In 1920, Tsikota entered the novitiate of the Congregation of Marian Fathers, making his first vows in September 1921. Between 1921 and 1923, Tsikota was on a mission in the United States, serving the Lithuanian American community as well conducting retreats parish missions for Lithuanian, Polish, and Belarusian immigrants.
After returning to the Second Polish Republic in 1923, Tsikota served at the Marian parish in Druja, West Belarus. He was instrumental in the organization of a local school and supervised the organization of the Congregation of the Sisters Handmaids of Jesus in the Eucharist. In 1925 he became Novice Master at the newly opened Belarusian Marian novitiate in Druja.
In interwar Poland, Tsikota was an active leader of the Belarusian Greek Catholic Church and advocated for the revival of the Belarusian language into the Catholic Church in Belarus.[2] Tsikota had to face obstacles by the Government of the Second Polish Republic and its discriminatory policies towards the Belarusian minority.[3]
In July 1927, Fr. Tsikota represented Belarusian Greek-Catholic Church at the Fifth Uniate Congress in Velehrad (Czechoslovakia).
Between 1933 and 1939 Tsikota was twice elected Superior General of the Congregation of Marian fathers in Rome. While performing his duties, he continued to support the Belarusian catholic institutions in Druja.
Mission in Harbin
In 1939 Tsikota was appointed exarch and Apostolic Administrator for Catholics of the Eastern Rite in Manchuria, replacing Archimandrite Fabijan Abrantovich, a different Belarusian Marian father and Greek Catholic priest holding that title, who had been arrested by the Soviets in occupied former Eastern Poland.[1]
Imprisonment and death
In December 1948 Tsikota and a small group of Harbin-based Catholic priests, including the Belarusians Jazep Hermanovich and Tamash Padziava, was arrested by communist Chinese authorities. The priests were handed over to the Soviet Ministry of State Security.[1]
After several months of manipulative interrogations and solitary confinement, Tsikota and other priests were sentenced to 25 years in of labor camps.[1]
Archimandrite Tsikota was brought to the Ozerlag subdivision of the Gulag concentration camp system. He died in a camp hospital near Tayshet, Irkutsk oblast, on February 13, 1952.
Commemoration
A memorial cross dedicated to Archimandrite Tsikota has been erected by Belarusian Catholics in 2003 in Zhodzishki, Smarhon District, near his birthplace. The cross was consecrated by Siarhiei Hajek, Apostolic Visitor for Greek-Catholic Christians of Belarus.[4]
Another memorial cross Andrei Tsikota was erected and consecrated in May 2012 on the Ozerlag camp cemetery in Irkutsk Oblast where Tsikota is buried.[5]
In 2003, the Catholic Church in Russia under Archbishop Tadevush Kandrusevich has initiated a process of beatification of Archimandrite Andrei Tsikota.[6]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Servant of God Archmandrite Andrew Cikoto (1891-1952) - Biography at the Congregation of Marian Fathers of the Immaculate Conception official website
- ^ a b Biography of Servant of God Archimandrite Andrzej Cikoto, MIC Archived 2021-12-13 at the Wayback Machine - Book of Remembrance: Biographies of Catholic Clergy and Laity Repressed in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1918 to 1953; University of Notre Dame official website
- ^ ”А беларускі нахіл, які праводзіў Цікота, быў «соляй у воку» ворагаў, бо так польскі ўрад, як і спольшчанае ў нас духавенства й інтэлігенцыя, не прызнавалі беларускага народу, а беларускі рух лічылі «камунізмам». Колькі Цікота пацярпеў у абароне праўды, дык нельга апісаць «на валовай скуры»! Аднак ягоная фэнамэнальная працавітасьць, вытрываласьць і здаровая лёгіка перамагалі ўсё.” [The Belarusian leaning of Tsikota's activities was like salt in the eye of enemies, because both the Polish state and our polonized clergy and intelligentsiya refused to recognize the Belarusian people, and considered the Belarusian movement to be communist. How much Tsikota has suffered defending the truth, [is enormous]! But his phenomenal diligence, endurance and logic defeated all.] - а. Язэп Гэрмановіч. Кітай-Сібір-Масква: Успаміны [ Jazep Hermanovich. China - Siberia - Moscow: memories]
- ^ 15 гадоў таму ў Жодзішках асвяцілі крыж у гонар Андрэя Цікоты (старыя фоты) Archived 2021-01-12 at the Wayback Machine [A cross commemorating Andrei Tsikota was consecrated in Zhodzishki 15 years ago (old photos)] - harodniaspring.org, 01.11.2018
- ^ Пад Тайшэтам ушанавалі памяць айцоў Цікоты і Станкевіча [Fathers Tsikota and Stankevich commemorated neat Taishet] - Radio Svaboda, 23 May 2012
- ^ Андрэй Цікота: святар, які ламаў стэрэатыпы Archived 2021-12-13 at the Wayback Machine [Andrei Tsikota: a priest who broke stereotypes] - Krynica.info Archived 2021-12-01 at the Wayback Machine, 13.02.2017