Australian rules football in Australia
| Australian rules football in Australia | |
|---|---|
 Contesting for possession in an indigenous community football game in the Northern Territory | |
| Country | Australia |
| Governing body | Australian Football League |
| National team(s) | Australia |
| First played | 1858 in Melbourne, Victoria |
| Registered players | 555,629 (2023)[1] |
| Clubs | 2,672[2] |
National competitions | |
Club competitions | |
Audience records | |
| Single match | 121,696 – Collingwood vs Carlton, at the MCG (1970 VFL Grand Final) |
| Season | 7,238,858 – 2011 AFL season[3] |
In Australia, Australian rules football is the most popular spectator sport and the second most participated code of football. Since originating in Victoria in 1858 and spreading elsewhere from 1866, it has been played continuously in every Australian state since 1903 plus the two major territories since 1916. In most states it is referred to simply as football or footy however in New South Wales and Queensland it is promoted under the acronym AFL by the local development bodies.
The sport is played by more than half a million Australians. Players participate at an organised level in various forms from Auskick (age 5) through to school-based, underage (up to age 19), open age, to Masters (35+) competition. The season runs in most states and territories during the cooler seasons in Australia (from March to September), avoiding clashes with cricket, with the exception being the northern part of the Northern Territory where the season runs during the wet season (October to March). The highest participation rates (players per capita) can be found in the Northern Territory (5%), South Australia (4.8%), Victoria (4.3%), Western Australia (4.2%), Tasmania (3.3%) and the Australian Capital Territory (2.4%). Unlike other football codes which are strongest in urban areas, Australian rules football has the highest participation in regional and remote areas. Nationally this rate is 5.7%, almost double that of any other code. It is also fast growing in New South Wales and in Queensland, though with participation rates there of 1.2% it is considered a minor sport, lagging behind soccer and rugby league in overall interest. These two states represent more than half of the Australian population and this dichotomy of football culture is referred to as the Barassi Line.
Australian rules football holds the match attendance record of any football code in Victoria (121,696), South Australia (66,987), Tasmania (24,968) and the Northern Territory (17,500).
The national professional competitions are the men's Australian Football League (AFL) and AFL Women's (AFLW). Nationally these are the most popular football competitions of any code, with millions of TV viewers across the country. The AFL governs the code nationally through the AFL Commission based in Melbourne. The AFL originated in Victoria and changed its name from Victorian Football League in 1990 after a successful program of national expansion and for these reasons the governing body is often seen by those from other states as having a strong Victorian bias.
The AFL discontinued representative matches as it expanded nationally (with the exception of occasional matches featuring Victoria). This was part of restructuring competitions across the country into a national junior pathway that would provide the league with access to the best junior talent via the Australian Football League draft. South Australia and Western Australia are the only states represented at the AFL Under 19 Championships, state representation is limited to players under 19, and open age players can only represent their state through interleague matches involving lower tier competitions.
The Australian Football Hall of Fame names the greatest players of all time. Of the greatest 32 who are categorised as Legends: 20 are Victorian, 4 each are from South Australia and Tasmania, 3 from Western Australia, 2 from New South Wales and 1 each from Queensland and the Australian Capital Territory.
Australia competed internationally at junior level. Australia's national teams remain undefeated. From 2007 to 2019 the underage men's team competed annually against international opponents as the AFL Academy most recently against New Zealand. Australia has also fielded amateur teams against South Africa, Papua New Guinea and the United States. Sides representing Indigenous Australia have competed against Papua New Guinea and South Africa.
History
It began in the Colony of Victoria in 1858, followed by the Colony of New South Wales and Colony of Queensland (1866);[4] Colony of South Australia (1877); Colony of Tasmania (1879); and, Colony of Western Australia (1881).
The first intercolonial representative match was Victoria vs South Australia (1879).
Delegates representing the football associations of South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Queensland met in 1883 in order to standardise the rules across the colonies. The earliest governing body, the Australasian Football Council (later Australian National Football Council) dates back to this time.
Following a hiatus in Queensland (1892-1903) and New South Wales (1893-1903) it was revived after the Federation of Australia and expanded to the territories of the Australian Capital Territory (1911) and the Northern Territory (1916).
In Australian popular culture
The sport has had a significant impact on popular culture in its native Australia, capturing the imagination of Australian film, art, music, television and literature.
Audience
Attendance
Football is the most highly attended spectator sport in Australia. Government figures show that more than 2.5 million people (16.8% of the population) attended games in 1999.[5] In 2005, a cumulative 6,283,788 people attended Australian Football League (AFL) premiership matches, a record for the competition.[6] A further 307,181 attended NAB Cup pre-season matches and 117,552 attended Regional Challenge pre-season practice matches around the country.[7] As of 2010, the AFL is one of only five professional sports leagues with an average attendance of over 30,000 per game.
As well as the AFL attendances, strong semi-professional state and local competitions also draw crowds. The South Australian SANFL drew an attendance in 2008 of 362,209 with an average of 3,773 per game, while the Western Australian WAFL drew an attendance of 219,205 with an average of 2,332 per game.
| Region/State/Territory | Average AFL premiership season attendance (since 1990 as at 2023)[8] |
|---|---|
 New South Wales |
24,207 |
 Victoria |
38,116 |
 Queensland |
19,658 |
 Western Australia |
34,462 |
 South Australia |
35,919 |
 Tasmania |
14,206 |
 Australian Capital Territory |
10,989 |
 Northern Territory |
9,320 |
Television
According to OzTAM, in recent years, the AFL Grand Final has reached the top five programs across the five biggest cities in 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006. Australian rules football has achieved a #1 rating in the sports category in both 2004 and 2005.
Participation
| Adult players | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Region/State/Territory | 2016[9] | 2022/23[9] | 2023/24[10] | ||
 National |
496,829 | 555,629 | 562,063 | ||
| New South Wales |
51,177 | 71,481 | 80,572 | ||
| Victoria |
209,117 | 235,970 | 227,213 | ||
| Queensland |
47,274 | 56,935 | 51,941 | ||
| Western Australia |
82,701 | 95,407 | 108,154 | ||
| South Australia |
74,806 | 69,868 | 63,969 | ||
| Tasmania |
15,732 | 14,528 | 13,927 | ||
| Australian Capital Territory |
7,504 | 8,326 | 9,129 | ||
| Northern Territory |
8,519 | 9,743 | 7,158 | ||
Structure and competitions
The most powerful organisation and competition within the game is the elite professional Australian Football League (AFL). The AFL is recognised by the Australian Sports Commission as being the National Sporting Organisation for Australian rules football. There are also seven state/territory-based organisations in Australia, most of which are affiliated to the AFL. Most of these hold annual semi-professional club competitions while the others oversee more than one league. Local semi-professional or amateur organisations and competitions are affiliated to their state leagues.
National championships
Senior
The last senior national carnival was held in 1993 and the last match between interstate senior sides was held under State of Origin rules in 1999. Senior state representation for Australian Football League players is no longer available except for Victoria whose players sometimes compete in one-off events against composite sides. However, state leagues continue to compete in inter-league matches.
Under 18
The AFL Under 18 Championships are the annual national Australian rules football championships for players aged 18 years or younger and includes teams from each Australian state or Territory. The competition is monitored by AFL recruiters and frequently seen as the second biggest pathway for junior players to the fully professional Australian Football League. The competition is currently sponsored by the National Australia Bank (NAB). The competition receives an increasing amount of coverage in the media, however still lags behind the TAC Cup in terms of interest in Victoria.
AFL players' Australian State of Origin
AFL player states of origin based on junior participation.
| Region/State/Territory | AFL Players (2019) |
|---|---|
| New South Wales |
47 |
| Victoria |
483 |
| Queensland |
33 |
| Western Australia |
101 |
| South Australia |
101 |
| Tasmania |
23 |
| Australian Capital Territory |
4 |
| Northern Territory |
10 |
See also
- Australian Football League
- Australian Institute of Sport
- List of Australian rules football clubs in Australia
- Soccer in Australia
Books
- Blainey, Geoffrey (2010). A Game of Our Own: The Origins of Australian Football. Black Inc. ISBN 9781863954853.
- Coventry, James (2015). Time and Space: The Tactics That Shaped Australian Rules and the Players and Coaches Who Mastered Them. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-7333-3369-9.
- de Moore, Greg (2011). Tom Wills: First Wild Man of Australian Sport. Allen & Unwin. ISBN 978-1-74237-598-4.
- Hess, Rob (2008). A National Game: The History of Australian Rules Football. Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-07089-3.
- Hess, Rob; Lenkic, Brunette (2016). Play On! The Hidden History of Women's Australian Rules Football. Bonnier Zaffre. ISBN 9781760063160.
- de Moore, Greg; Hess, Rob; Nicholson, Matthew; Stewart, Bob (2021). Australia's Game: The History of Australian Football. Hardie Grant Books. ISBN 9781-74379-657-3.
- Hibbins, Gillian; Mancini, Anne (1987). Running with the Ball: Football's Foster Father. Lynedoch Publications. ISBN 978-0-7316-0481-4.
- Hibbins, Gillian (2008). "Men of Purpose". In Weston, James (ed.). The Australian Game of Football: Since 1858. Geoff Slattery Publishing. pp. 31–45. ISBN 978-0-9803466-6-4.
- Hibbins, Gillian (2013). "The Cambridge Connection: The English Origins of Australian Football". In Mangan, J. A. (ed.). The Cultural Bond: Sport, Empire, Society. Routledge. pp. 108–127. ISBN 9781135024376.
- Nauright, John; Parrish, Charles (2012). Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781598843002.
- Pennings, Mark (2012). Origins of Australian Football: Victoria's Early History: Volume 1: Amateur Heroes and the Rise of Clubs, 1858 to 1876. Connor Court Publishing Pty Ltd. ISBN 9781921421471.
- Pippos, Angela (2017). Breaking the Mould. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781925475296.
- Williamson, John (2003). Bucknell, Mar (ed.). Football's Forgotten Tour: The Story of the British Australian Rules Venture of 1888. Applegate. ISBN 9780958101806.
References
- ^ Ausplay Sports Report 2023 - Australian Football
- ^ "Women's participation soars in 2015".
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 May 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Brisbane Courier 25 May 1866
- ^ Sports Attendance, Australian Bureau of Statistics, April 1999.
- ^ "Aussie Rules sets attendance record". The Sydney Morning Herald. 28 August 2005.
- ^ 403 Forbidden
- ^ Average H&A Attendances By State
- ^ a b Ausplay Participation by Activity/State
- ^ Commission, Australian Sports Commission; jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia; corporateName=Australian Sports. "AusPlay results". Sport Australia. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ AFL Player state of origin map
| National governing bodies | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| By state or territory | |||||||||
| Leagues and competitions |
| ||||||||
| Related topics | |||||||||