This article concerns the period 639 BC – 630 BC.

• 639 BC—Interregnum ends and Ancus Marcius becomes the king of Rome.
• 637 BC—Sadyattes becomes king of Lydia.^[1]
• 636 BC—Duke Wen of Jin ascends to power in the State of Jin during the Zhou dynasty of China.
• 635 BC—Alyattes becomes king of Lydia^[1]
• 632 BC—Cylon, Athenian noble, seizes the Acropolis in a failed attempt to become king.
• 632 BC—In the Battle of Chengpu, the Chinese kingdom of Jin and her allies defeat the kingdom of Chu and her allies.
• 631 BC—Founding of Cyrene, a Greek colony in Libya (North Africa) (approximate date).

• 638 BC—Birth of Solon, lawmaker of Athens (approximate date)^[2]
• 637 BC—Death of Ardys, Lydia^[1]
• 637 BC—Death of Duke Xiang of Song, China
• 635 BC—Birth of Thales, Greek philosopher (d. 543 BC) (approximate date)
• 635 BC—Death of Sadyattes, Lydia^[1]
• 634 BC—Birth of Jehoiakim, 18th king of Judah (approximate date)
• 632 BC—Birth of Jehoahaz, 17th king of Judah (approximate date)
• 630 BC—Birth of Sappho (approximate date)