← 1842 1841 1840 1843 in Canada → 1844 1845 1846
Decades:	1820s 1830s 1840s 1850s 1860s
See also:	History of Canada Timeline of Canadian history List of years in Canada

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Events from the year 1843 in Canada.

• Monarch: Victoria^[1]

• Parliament: 1st

• Governor General of the Province of Canada: Charles Bagot (until 19 May); Charles Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe (starting 30 May)
• Governor of New Brunswick: William MacBean George Colebrooke
• Governor of Nova Scotia: Lucius Cary, 10th Viscount Falkland
• Civil Governor of Newfoundland: John Harvey
• Governor of Prince Edward Island: Henry Vere Huntley

• Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada —
  • William Henry Draper, Canada West Premier
  • Samuel Harrison, Canada East Premier

• January 19 – Mount Allison University is founded.
• September 1 – First Prime Minister of Canada Sir John A. Macdonald marries Isabella Clark^[2]
• December 9 – Bishop's University is founded.

• Fort Victoria built by British to strengthen their claim to Vancouver Island.
• David Thompson sends a set of refined maps to London.
• Lord Metcalfe comes to Montreal.
• The Cornwall and Chambly Canals are opened.
• Survey of Boundary, between the U.S. and Canada, is begun.
• Grace Marks is controversially convicted of murder after her trial on November 3 and 4, 1843. The crime and trial will form the basis for Margaret Atwood's novel Alias Grace in 1996.

• February 3 – William Cornelius Van Horne, pioneering railway executive (died 1915)
• February 10 – Jean Blanchet, politician (died 1908)
• March 16 – James Mitchell, politician and 7th Premier of New Brunswick (died 1897)
• May 2 – Elijah McCoy, inventor and engineer (died 1929)
• May 17 – Robert Beith, politician (died 1922)
• June 1 – David Howard Harrison, farmer, physician, politician and 6th Premier of Manitoba (died 1905)

• August 4 – Joseph-Guillaume Bossé, politician and lawyer (died 1908)
• September 30 – Samuel Barton Burdett, politician, lawyer and lecturer (died 1892)
• October 2 – James Whitney, politician and 6th Premier of Ontario (died 1914)
• October 25 – Thomas Simpson Sproule, politician and Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada (died 1917)
• December 3 – William Dillon Otter, soldier and first Canadian-born Chief of the General Staff (died 1929)
• December 6 – William Wilfred Sullivan, journalist, jurist, politician and Premier of Prince Edward Island (died 1920)

• February 26 (baptised) – William Carson (born 1770)
• September 16 – Ezekiel Hart, entrepreneur, politician, and first Jew to be elected to public office in the British Empire (born 1767)
• October 6 – Sir Archibald Campbell, 1st Baronet, army officer and colonial administrator (born 1769)