The year 1650 in music involved some significant events.

• Alberich Mazak – Cultus harmonicus, volume two, a collection of his complete works, published in Vienna
• Claudio Monteverdi – Messa a quattro voci, et Salmi a Una, Due, Tre, Quattro, Cinque, Sei, Sette, & Otto Voci Concertati (Mass for four voices, and Psalms arranged for one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and eight voices) (Venice: Alessandro Vincenti), published posthumously

• Melchior Franck – Der 133. Psalm Davids (Siehe wie fein und lieblich) for five voices (Coburg: Johann Eyrich), published posthumously
• Samuel Scheidt – Tabulatur-Buch
• Heinrich Schütz – Symphoniae sacrae, part 3
• probable
  • Giovanni Battista Abatessa – Ghirlanda di varii fiori (Garland of Various Flowers), a collection of guitar music, published in Milan
  • Giovanni Battista Granata – Nuove suonate di chitarriglia spagnuola piccicate, e battute..., a collection of guitar music, published in Bologna

• Francesco Cavalli – Orimonte

• date unknown
  • Joachim Neander, hymn-writer (d. 1680)
  • André Raison, organist and composer (d. 1719)
• probable
  • Cataldo Amodei, Italian composer (d. c. 1695)
  • Papanasa Mudaliar, Carnatic music composer (d. 1725)
  • Giovanni Battista Rogeri, luthier
  • Robert de Visée, luthenist, guitarist and viol player (d. 1725)

• May 20 – Francesco Sacrati, composer (b. 1605)
• November 24 – Manuel Cardoso, organist and composer (b. 1566)
• date unknown – Martin Peerson (born ca. 1571 – ca. 1573; died 1650 or 1651), English composer, organist and virginalist