Zosimus, Zosimos, Zosima or Zosimas may refer to:

• Rufus and Zosimus (died 107), Christian saints
• Zosimus (martyr) (died 110), Christian martyr who was executed in Umbria, Italy
• Zosimos of Panopolis, also known as Zosimus Alchemista, 3rd-century alchemist
• Zosimus the Hermit, 3rd-century Christian ascetic
• Zosimus, bishop of Naples, c. 356 – c. 362
• Zosimas of Palestine (c. 460 – c. 560), Eastern Orthodox saint
• Zosimus (historian) (c. 490–510) 5th-century Byzantine historian
• Pope Zosimus (died 418), born in Mesoraca, Calabria, who reigned from 417 to his death in 418
• Zosimos of Samosata, mosaicist at Zeugma
• Zosimus, 5th-century hermit who discovered Mary of Egypt in the desert
• Zosimus the Epigrammist in Anthologia Graeca
• John Zosimus (Ioane-Zosime), 10th-century Georgian monk and hymnist
• Zosimas of Solovki (died 1478), Russian Orthodox saint, founder of Solovetsky Monastery
• Zosimus, Metropolitan of Moscow (died 1494), Metropolitan of Moscow and Russia from 1490, author of the Third Rome conception
• Zosima, character in the 1880 novel The Brothers Karamazov by Fyodor Dostoyevsky

• Zosimo Paredes (born 1948), Filipino politician

• Zosimus (crab), a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae
• Zosima (plant), a genus of plants in the family Apiaceae

• Story of Zosimus, Old Testament apocrypha
• Zozimus (c. 1794–1846), Irish street rhymer