Von Neumann machine may refer to:

• Von Neumann architecture, a conceptual model of nearly all computer architecture
• IAS machine, a computer designed in the 1940s based on von Neumann's design
• Self-replicating machine, a class of machines that can replicate themselves
  • Universal constructor (disambiguation)
  • Von Neumann probes, hypothetical space probes capable of self-replication
  • Nanorobots, capable of self-replication
• The Von Neumann cellular automaton