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Vestland

This article is about the county in Norway. For the traditional region known as Vestlandet in Norwegian, see Western Norway. For the coaster, see MV Vestland (1921). For the local government in Vestland, see Vestland County Municipality.
Vestland County
Vestland fylke
County
Coat of arms of Vestland County
Coat of arms
Vestland within Norway
Vestland within Norway
Coordinates: 60°55′30″N 6°26′42″E / 60.92500°N 6.44500°E / 60.92500; 6.44500
CountryNorway
CountyVestland
DistrictWestern Norway
Established1 Jan 2020
 • Preceded byHordaland and Sogn og Fjordane counties
Administrative centreBergen
Government
 • BodyVestland County Municipality
 • Governor (2023)Liv Signe Navarsete (Sp)
 • County mayorJon Askeland (Sp)
Area
 • Total
33,871 km2 (13,078 sq mi)
 • Land31,969 km2 (12,343 sq mi)
 • Water1,902 km2 (734 sq mi)  5.6%
 • Rank#5 in Norway
Population
 (2021)
 • Total
638,821
 • Rank#3 in Norway
 • Density20/km2 (50/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
Increase +8.1%
DemonymVestlending[1]
Official language
[2]
 • Norwegian formNynorsk
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-46[3]
WebsiteOfficial website
Data from Statistics Norway

Vestland is a county in Norway.[4][5] The county is located in Western Norway, and its administrative centre is Bergen, where the executive and political leadership is based. The County Governor is based in Hermansverk. Vestland is one of two counties in Norway that have Nynorsk as their official written language form.[6]

Vestland was created on 1 January 2020, when the former counties of Hordaland and Sogn og Fjordane were merged.[a][7]

History

Vestland county is a newly created county, but it has been inhabited for millennia. The area was made up of many petty kingdoms under the Gulating during the Middle Ages. The northern part was then known as Firdafylke (now the Fjordane region; Nordfjord-Sunnfjord), the central area was known as Sygnafylke (now the Sogn region), and the southern part was known as Hordafylke.

In the early 16th century, Norway was divided into four len. The Bergenhus len was headquartered in Bergen and encompassed much of western and northern Norway including Firdafylke, Sygnafylke, Hordafylke, and Sunnmørafylke (in the present day Møre og Romsdal county). The new Bergenhus len was administered from the Bergenhus Fortress in the city of Bergen.

In 1662, the lens were replaced by amts. On 19 February 1662, a royal decree changed the name to Bergenhus amt. The new Bergenhus amt originally consisted of the present-day areas of Vestland and the Sunnmøre region of Møre og Romsdal, plus the far northern Nordlandene amt was subordinate to Bergenhus amt. The Sunnmøre region was transferred to Romsdalen amt in 1689 and the Nordlandene amt was separated around that time as well.

In 1763, the amt was divided into northern and southern parts: Nordre Bergenhus amt and Søndre Bergenhus amt. When the amt was split, the present day municipality of Gulen was split with the southern part ending up in Søndre Bergenhus amt. In 1773, the border was re-drawn so that all of Gulen was located in the northern part.

On 1 January 1919, Nordre Bergenhus amt was renamed Sogn og Fjordane fylke and Søndre Bergenhus amt was renamed Hordaland fylke during a period of time when many location names in Norway were changed.[8]

The city of Bergen was removed from the Bergenhus amt in 1831 and it was classified as a city-county (byamt) from 1831 to 1972. During that time in 1915, the municipality of Årstad was annexed into Bergen. In 1972, the neighbouring municipalities of Arna, Fana, Laksevåg and Åsane were annexed into the city of Bergen. Also at that same time, the city of Bergen lost its county status, and became a part of Hordaland county once again.

On 1 January 2020, Hordaland and Sogn og Fjordane counties were merged back together once again, forming Vestland county.

Geography

Hardanger is one of Norway's most important sources of fruit, providing about 40% of Norway's fruit production, including apples, plums, pears, cherries, and redcurrants.

Vestland is located on the western coast of Norway. It is split up by several long, deep fjords including the Nordfjorden, Sognefjorden, and Hardangerfjorden, some of Norway's most notable fjords and great tourist attractions. About half of the Hardangervidda National Park is in the county. It also includes the Jostedal, Folgefonna, and Hardangerjøkulen glaciers. The county also includes many well-known waterfalls, such as Vøringsfossen, Brudesløret[9][10] and Stykkjedalsfossen. Ramnefjellsfossen (previously called Utigardfossen) is the tallest in Norway and third tallest in the world and Vettisfossen is one of Norway's highest waterfalls with a vertical drop of 275 m (902 ft). Both are located in the Jotunheim mountains.

Outside of the Bergen metropolitan area, the county is mostly a rural area with a scattered population. Cruise ships visit Vestland all summer because of the unique vistas of high mountains and deep blue fjords. The famous Nærøyfjord is located in the south of the county. This is a UNESCO listed fjord area. There are several archipelagos, including Øygarden, Austevoll, Bulandet, Bremangerlandet, and Kinn. The westernmost point in Norway proper is Holmebåen in Solund municipality. The island of Unst, part of Shetland Islands is around 300 km (190 mi) west of Holmebåen.

The terrain changes quite rapidly with mostly smaller mountains on the coastline, gradually increasing to mountains reaching more than 2,000 m (6,600 ft). Because of the steep rise in elevation and fjords cutting through the terrain, the amount of precipitation is very high. Low pressure systems come in from the west and meet the mountains (a phenomenon known as orographic lifting) and cause rain and snowfall.

Government

Further information: Vestland County Municipality

The Vestland County Municipality is the elected administration of the county. It is led by the county council (Norwegian: fylkesting) of 65 members. Heading the county council is the county mayor (Norwegian: fylkesordførar). Since 2020, the county mayor of Vestland County Municipality has been Jon Askeland.[11][12][13]

The county also has a county governor (Norwegian: statsforvaltar) who is the representative of the King and Government of Norway. Lars Sponheim is the current County Governor of Vestland and this office is based in Hermansverk.[13]

The municipalities in Vestland are divided among several district courts (Norwegian: tingrett): Nordhordland District Court, Sunnhordland District Court, Bergen District Court, Hardanger District Court, and Sogn og Fjordane District Court. All of these courts are subordinate to the Gulating Court of Appeal district based in Bergen.[13]

Vestland is not an electoral district for elections to the Storting, as Hordaland and Sogn og Fjordane remain as separate districts.

Panorama over the island of Sotra.

Municipalities

Vestland County has a total of 43 municipalities:[14]

Municipal
Number		 Name Adm. Centre Location in
the county		 Established Old Municipal No.
(before 2020)		 Former County
(before 2020)
4601 Bergen Bergen 1 Jan 1972 1201 Bergen Hordaland
4602 Kinn Florø 1 Jan 2020 1401 Flora
1439 Vågsøy (part)		 Sogn og Fjordane
4611 Etne Etnesjøen 1 Jan 1838 1211 Etne Hordaland
4612 Sveio Sveio 1 Jan 1865 1216 Sveio
4613 Bømlo Svortland 1 Jan 1916 1219 Bømlo
4614 Stord Leirvik 1 Jan 1838 1221 Stord
4615 Fitjar Fitjar 1 Jan 1863 1222 Fitjar
4616 Tysnes Uggdal 1 Jan 1838 1223 Tysnes
4617 Kvinnherad Rosendal 1 Jan 1838 1224 Kvinnherad
4618 Ullensvang Odda 1 Jan 1838 1227 Jondal
1228 Odda
1230 Ullensvang
4619 Eidfjord Eidfjord 1 Jan 1977 1232 Eidfjord
4620 Ulvik Ulvik 1 Jan 1838 1233 Ulvik
4621 Voss Vossevangen 1 Jan 1838 1234 Granvin
1235 Voss
4622 Kvam Norheimsund 1 Jan 1838 1238 Kvam
4623 Samnanger Tysse 1 Jan 1907 1242 Samnanger
4624 Bjørnafjorden Osøyro 1 Jan 2020 1241 Fusa
1243 Os
4625 Austevoll Storebø 1 Jan 1886 1244 Austevoll
4626 Øygarden Straume 1 Jan 1964 1245 Sund
1246 Fjell
1259 Øygarden
4627 Askøy Kleppestø 1 Jan 1838 1247 Askøy
4628 Vaksdal Dale 1 Jan 1964 1251 Vaksdal
4629 Modalen Mo 1 Jan 1910 1252 Modalen
4630 Osterøy Lonevåg 1 Jan 1964 1253 Osterøy
4631 Alver Knarvik 1 Jan 2020 1256 Meland
1260 Radøy
1263 Lindås
4632 Austrheim Årås 1 Jan 1910 1264 Austrheim
4633 Fedje Fedje 1 Jan 1947 1265 Fedje
4634 Masfjorden Masfjordnes 1 Mar 1879 1266 Masfjorden
4635 Gulen Eivindvik 1 Jan 1838 1411 Gulen Sogn og Fjordane
4636 Solund Hardbakke 1 Jan 1858 1412 Solund
4637 Hyllestad Hyllestad 1 Jan 1862 1413 Hyllestad
4638 Høyanger Høyanger 1 Jan 1964 1416 Høyanger
4639 Vik Vikøyri 1 Jan 1838 1417 Vik
4640 Sogndal Hermansverk 1 Jan 1838 1418 Balestrand
1419 Leikanger
1420 Sogndal
4641 Aurland Aurlandsvangen 1 Jan 1838 1421 Aurland
4642 Lærdal Lærdalsøyri 1 Jan 1838 1422 Lærdal
4643 Årdal Årdalstangen 1 Jan 1863 1424 Årdal
4644 Luster Gaupne 1 Jan 1838 1426 Luster
4645 Askvoll Askvoll 1 Jan 1838 1428 Askvoll
4646 Fjaler Dale 1 Jan 1838 1429 Fjaler
4647 Sunnfjord Førde 1 Jan 2020 1430 Gaular
1431 Jølster
1432 Førde
1433 Naustdal
4648 Bremanger Svelgen 1 Jan 1866 1438 Bremanger
4649 Stad Nordfjordeid 1 Jan 2020 1439 Vågsøy (part)
1441 Selje
1443 Eid
4650 Gloppen Sandane 1 Jan 1838 1445 Gloppen
4651 Stryn Stryn 1 Jan 1843 1449 Stryn

See also

Explanatory notes

  1. ^ The municipality of Hornindal, which previously lay in Sogn og Fjordane, became a part of Volda in Møre og Romsdal.

References

  1. ^ "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. ^ "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. ^ Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (26 January 2023). "Kommunenummer". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget.
  4. ^ "Arealstatistikk for Norge". Kartverket (in Norwegian Bokmål). 8 March 2013. Archived from the original on 11 May 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
  5. ^ "19 fylker blir til 11 – dette skal de hete (19 counties becoming 11 – this will be their names)" (in Norwegian). 6 April 2018. Archived from the original on 30 April 2019. Retrieved 28 May 2019.
  6. ^ "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar (målvedtaksforskrifta)" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no. Archived from the original on 26 January 2020. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
  7. ^ "Navn på nye kommuner (Name of new municipalities)" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 1 September 2019. Retrieved 28 May 2019.
  8. ^ Natvik, Oddvar (29 August 2005). "Sogn og Fjordane". Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 23 August 2008.
  9. ^ "Vil behalde Brudesløret" (in Norwegian). nrk.no. 27 November 2007. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
  10. ^ "Brudesløret". World Waterfall Database.
  11. ^ Berg, Ole T., ed. (5 March 2021). "fylke". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
  12. ^ Berg, Ole T., ed. (19 February 2020). "fylkeskommune". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Archived from the original on 16 August 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
  13. ^ a b c Thorsnæs, Geir, ed. (12 October 2020). "Vestland". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Archived from the original on 24 June 2022. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
  14. ^ List of Norwegian municipality numbers

Quelle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestland