US-KS

Manufacturer	NPO Lavochkin
Country of origin	Soviet Union  Russia
Operator	VKS
Applications	Missile defence
Specifications
Bus	Upravlyaemy Sputnik
Launch mass	2,400 kilograms (5,300 lb)
Regime	Geosynchronous
Production
Status	Retired
Launched	7
Operational	0
Retired	7
Failed	None known
Lost	0
Maiden launch	Kosmos 775 8 October 1975
Last launch	Kosmos 2345 14 August 1997
Related spacecraft
Derived from	US-K
Derivatives	US-KMO

Upravlyaemy Sputnik Kontinentalny Statsionarny (Russian: Управляемый Спутник Континентальный Стационарный meaning Stationary Continental Controllable Satellite), or US-KS (Russian: УС-КС), also known as Oko-S, was a series of Soviet, and later Russian, missile detection satellites launched as part of the Oko (Russian: "eye") programme.^[1] US-KS was a derivative of the US-K satellite, optimised for operations in geosynchronous orbit. Seven were launched between 1975 and 1997, when launches ended in favour of the modernised US-KMO.^[2] US-KS had the GRAU index 74Kh6. As of December 2015, the entire Oko programme is being replaced by the new EKS system.^[3]

Manufactured by NPO Lavochkin, US-KS satellites had a launch mass of 2,400 kilograms (5,300 lb), and a dry mass of 1,250 kilograms (2,760 lb). Built on a three-axis stabilised cylindrical bus with a diameter of 1.7 metres (5 ft 7 in) and a length of 2 metres (6 ft 7 in), the satellites carry 50 centimetres (20 in) infrared telescopes to detect the heat of missile exhausts.^[4]

US-KS satellites were launched by Proton-K carrier rockets, with Blok DM and DM-2 upper stages. The first satellite to be launched was a prototype, which was followed by six operational spacecraft. With a spacecraft positioned at a longitude of 24° West, the Soviet Union could continuously monitor missile launches from the United States.^[4]