Turtle Island may refer to:

• Turtle Island (Lake Erie), near Toledo, Ohio, US
• Turtle Island (Indigenous North American folklore), a name used by several Native American cultures to refer to North America or the Earth in general
• Turtle Island, Bermuda
• Tortuga (Haiti), an island in Haiti
• La Tortue, Saint Barthélemy, or Turtle Island, in the French Caribbean

• Turtle Islands, Tawi-Tawi, a group of islands in the Southern Philippines
• Turtle Island (Newcastle Bay), in the Torres Strait Islands archipelago, Australia
• Turtle Island Resort, on Nanuya Levu in Fiji
• Vatoa, in the Lau Group in Fiji
• Kusu Island, an island in Singapore
• Turtle Island (Matsu), an island in Beigan, Matsu, Lienchiang County, Fujian Province, Taiwan
• Guishan Island (Yilan), an island off the northeast coast of Taiwan
• Ko Tao, an island in Thailand
• Turtle Islands National Park, a collective name for three islands in Sabah, Malaysia

• Turtle Island (album), the 1989 debut solo album by Paul Hyde of the Payola$
• "Turtle Island", a track from Mike Oldfield's Tres Lunas album
• "Turtle Island", a track from Beach House's 2008 Devotion album
• Turtle Island Quartet, modern-day jazz string quartet

• Turtle Island (book), a 1974 book of poetry by Gary Snyder, winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry
• Turtle Island: Tales of the Algonquian Nations, a 1999 children's book by Jane Louise Curry
• Turtle Island News, Canadian Native People's newspaper

• Turtle Island (horse), (born 1991), British-trained thoroughbred racehorse
• Turtle Island Foods, makers of the Tofurky brand of soy products
• Turtle Island Recycling, a recycling and waste company that was merged into GFL Environmental

• Turtle Islands (disambiguation)
• Turtle Mountain (disambiguation)
• Aspidochelone, a fabled sea creature, said to be mistaken for an island