Timur was a 14th-century Southern-Central Asian Turkic-Mongolian ruler and warlord also known as Tamerlane (from Timur the Lame or the Persian expression of the same meaning, Timur-e-Lang) in the western world.

Taimur or Timur may also refer to:

• Möngke Temür, or Mengu-Timur (d. 1280), khan of the Golden Horde
• Several rulers from the Chinese-Mongol Yuan Dynasty
  • Temür Khan (r. 1294–1307), the second ruler of the Yuan dynasty
  • Tugh Temür, better known as Jayaatu Khan, Emperor Wenzong of Yuan (r. 1328–1332)
  • Toghon Temür (r. 1333–1370)
  • Uskhal Khan Tögüs Temür (r. 1378–1388)
  • Yesün Temür (r. 1323–1328)
  • Öljei Temür Khan, (r. 1408–1412)
• Köke Temür (died 1375), Yuan dynasty general
• Timur (1336–1405), the Central Asian ruler mentioned above, also known as Tamerlane
• Timur II, real name Neku Siyar (1679–1723), claimant to the Mughal throne
• Bayan Temür (Gongmin, 1330–1374), ruler of Goryeo
• Khan Temir (d. 1637), Budjak Nogais ruler
• Timur Shah Durrani (1748–1793), Afghan ruler

• Anwara Taimur (1936–2020), Indian politician, chief minister of Assam
• Nawab Muhammad Taimur Talpur, Pakistani politician
• Taimur Khan Jhagra, Pakistani politician
• Taimur Hussain, a Pakistani professional golfer
• Taimur Ali, a Pakistani First-class cricketer
• Taimur Sultan (cricketer), a Pakistani first-class cricketer
• Taimur Khan (cricketer, born 1991), a Pakistani First-class cricketer
• Taimur Khan (cricketer, born 1975), a Pakistani First-class cricketer
• Danish Taimoor, a Pakistani actor
• Taimur Rahman, a Pakistani singer
• Taimur bin Feisal, 12th Sultan of Oman
• Said bin Taimur, 13th Sultan of Oman
• Temur Babluani (born 1948), Georgian film director
• Teymur Bakhtiar (1914–1970), Iranian army officer
• Timur Beg (1886–1933), Uyghur rebel leader
• Timur Bekmambetov (born 1961), Kazakh film and advertisement director
• Timur Dibirov (born 1983), Russian handball player
• Timur Dzhabrailov (born 1973), Russian footballer
• Timur Faizutdinov (2001–2021), Russian ice hockey defenseman
• Timur Gareev (born 1988), Uzbekistani chess player
• Timur Ibragimov (born 1975), Uzbekistani boxer
• Temur Iakobashvili (born 1967), Georgian politician and diplomat
• Temur Juraev (born 1984), Uzbekistani football player
• Teimour Radjabov (born 1987), Azerbaijani Chess Grandmaster
• Timur Kapadze (born 1981), Uzbekistani footballer
• Temur Ketsbaia (born 1968), Georgian football player and manager
• Timur Kulibayev (born 1966), Kazakh billionaire
• Timur Kuran (born 1954), American economist and political scientist
• Timur Mutsurayev (born 1976), Chechen singer and bard
• Timur Naniev (born 1994), Russian weightlifter
• Timur Pradopo (born 1955), Chief of the Indonesian National Police
• Timur Taymazov (born 1970), Ukrainian weightlifter
• Timur Selçuk (1946–2020), Turkish musician
• Timur Tekkal (born 1981), German rugby union player
• Timur Yanyali (born 1975), Turkish footballer

• Timur (name)
• Tamerlane (poem), 1827 poem by Edgar Allan Poe
• Tamerlane (ship)
• Tamerlane chess
• Tamerlano (Gasparini opera), 1711
• Tamerlano, Handel opera, 1724
• Timur, Iran, village in Ardabil Province, Iran
• Temir komuz, central Asian jaw harp
• Timuri, tribe in Afghanistan and Iran
• Timurite movement, youth volunteer organization in the Soviet Union
• Amur and Timur, tiger and goat friendship in Russian safari park
• Timur, Nepali and Tamil name for the plant Zanthoxylum armatum, "rattan pepper"

• Timurid (disambiguation)
• Demir (disambiguation), alternative spelling
• Timor (disambiguation)