Toeplitz or Töplitz may refer to:

• Töplitz, the German name of Toplița, a city in Romania
• Toplița, Hunedoara, a commune in Romania
• Teplice (archaic German: Töplitz), Czech Republic

• Jerzy Toeplitz (1909–1995), co-founder of the Polish Film School
• Kasper T. Toeplitz (born 1960), Polish-French composer
• Otto Toeplitz (1881–1940), German Jewish mathematician

• Dolenjske Toplice, a settlement in southeastern Slovenia
• Toeplitz matrix, a structured matrix with equal values along diagonals
• Toeplitz operator, the compression of a multiplication operator on the circle to the Hardy space
• Toeplitz algebra, the C*-algebra generated by the unilateral shift on the Hilbert space
• Toeplitz Hash Algorithm, used in many network interface controllers
• Hellinger–Toeplitz theorem, an everywhere defined symmetric operator on a Hilbert space is bounded
• Silverman–Toeplitz theorem, characterizing matrix summability methods which are regular
• Toplița (disambiguation)
• Teplice (disambiguation)