Sclater's monal
| Sclater's monal | |
|---|---|
| |
| Female (hen) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Galliformes |
| Family: | Phasianidae |
| Genus: | Lophophorus |
| Species: | L. sclateri |
| Binomial name | |
| Lophophorus sclateri Jerdon, 1870 | |
Sclater's monal (Lophophorus sclateri) also known as the crestless monal is a Himalayan pheasant. The name commemorates the British zoologist Philip Lutley Sclater.[3]
Taxonomy
Sclater's monal has three recognized subspecies:[4]
- L. s. arunachalensis (Kumar & Singh, 2004)
- L. s. orientalis (Davison G.W.H., 1974)
- L. s. sclateri (Jerdon, 1870)
Description
Sclater's monal is a large, approximately 68 centimetres (27 in) long, monal pheasant. As with other monals, the male is a colourful bird. It has a highly iridescent purplish-green upperparts plumage, short and curly metallic green crown feathers, copper neck, purplish-black throat, white back, blue orbital skin, yellowish-orange bill and brown iris. In the nominate subspecies, the tail is white with a broad chestnut band, while the tail is entirely white in L. s. arunachalensis from western Arunachal Pradesh in India.[5] The crestless female is mostly a dark brown bird with a white throat and tail-tip, dull bluish orbital skin and a pale yellow bill.
Distribution and habitat
Sclater's monal is distributed to mountain forests of the east Himalayan region, in north-eastern India, south-eastern Tibet and northern Burma, at altitudes of 2,500 to 4,200 metres (8,200 to 13,800 ft).
Behaviour
The diet of the Sclater's monal, like that of other members of the genus Lophophorus, probably consists mainly of tubers, roots, bulbs, arthropods, rodents, seeds and flowers. The female usually lays between three and five eggs. It is not known if the male participates in nest defense, but it is likely.
Conservation
Due to ongoing habitat loss, small population size, limited range and overhunting in some areas for food and its feathers, Sclater's monal is evaluated as Vulnerable on IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix I of CITES.
References
- ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Lophophorus sclateri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22679185A92806372. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679185A92806372.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
- ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
- ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael (2003). Whose Bird? Men and Women Commemorated in the Common Names of Birds. London: Christopher Helm. p. 304.
- ^ "DOI – IOC World Bird List". www.worldbirdnames.org. doi:10.14344/ioc.ml.13.1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
- ^ Suresh Kumar R. & P. Singh (2004). A new subspecies of Sclater’s monal Lophophorus sclateri from western Arunachal Pradesh, India. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club 124(1): 16-27.