Ptolemaic is the adjective formed from the name Ptolemy, and may refer to:

• Ptolemaic dynasty, the Macedonian Greek dynasty that ruled Egypt founded in 305 BC by Ptolemy I Soter
• Ptolemaic Kingdom

• Relating to Ptolemy, 2nd-century AD geographer and astronomer/astrologer
• Ptolemaic system, a geocentric model of the universe developed in detail by the astronomer Claudius Ptolemaeus

• Ptolemy (name)