Phoberomys pattersoni
| Phoberomys pattersoni | |
|---|---|
| |
| Fossil specimen | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Family: | †Neoepiblemidae |
| Genus: | †Phoberomys |
| Species: | †P. pattersoni |
| Binomial name | |
| †Phoberomys pattersoni Mones 1980 | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Dabbenea pattersoni Mones 1980 | |
Phoberomys pattersoni is an extinct rodent that lived in the ancient Orinoco River delta around 8 million years ago. It was the second-largest of the roughly seven species of its genus. Like many other rodents, Phoberomys was a herbivore with high-crowned premolars and molars.
Description
An almost complete skeleton was discovered in the Urumaco Formation at Urumaco, Venezuela, in 2000.[1] The new species was later classified with the name Phoberomys pattersoni in honor of palaeontologist Brian Patterson.[2]
Originally, Phoberomys pattersoni was estimated as being approximately 741 kg based on dimensions of the femur, which at the time made it the largest known species of rodent, living or extinct.[3] However, these estimates were criticized as being too large by later studies,[4][5][6] which found that Phoberomys had an exceptionally thick femur relative to its body compared to other mammals. Body mass estimates based on skull length,[4] occipital condyle width,[4] tooth row length,[5][6] and femur length[5] suggest Phoberomys weighed between 150 and 250 kg (330 and 550 lb), making it about the same size as a large antelopes such as greater kudu and waterbuck. Although Phoberomys pattersoni was considered the largest known rodent at the time of its description, the discovery of a complete skull of Josephoartigasia monesi in 2008 showed this species to be even larger.[7] Josephoartigasia was known at the time of P. pattersoni's discovery (specifically, the species "Artigasia magna", now Josephoartigasia magna), but the size of this rodent could not easily be determined because it was only known from jaw fragments and the teeth of Josephoartigasia are unusually small relative to its body size.[3][8]
References
- ^ Phoberomys pattersoni at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Amos, Jonathan (September 18, 2003), "Giant rodent astonishes science", BBC News Online, retrieved 2008-03-18
- ^ a b Sánchez-Villagra, Marcelo R.; Aguilera, Orangel; Horovitz, Inés (19 September 2003). "The Anatomy of the World's Largest Extinct Rodent". Science. 301 (5640): 1708–1710. doi:10.1126/science.1089332. PMID 14500978. S2CID 33953898.
- ^ a b c Engelman, Russell K. (June 2022). "Resizing the largest known extinct rodents (Caviomorpha: Dinomyidae, Neoepiblemidae) using occipital condyle width". Royal Society Open Science. 9 (6): 220370. doi:10.1098/rsos.220370. PMC 9198521. PMID 35719882. S2CID 249648588.
- ^ a b c Millien, Virginie; Bovy, Helene (17 February 2010). "When teeth and bones disagree: body mass estimation of a giant extinct rodent". Journal of Mammalogy. 91 (1): 11–18. doi:10.1644/08-MAMM-A-347R1.1. S2CID 74872106.
- ^ a b Hopkins, Samantha S. B. (19 February 2008). "Reassessing the Mass of Exceptionally Large Rodents Using Toothrow Length and Area as Proxies for Body Mass". Journal of Mammalogy. 89 (1): 232–243. doi:10.1644/06-MAMM-A-306.1. S2CID 84160362.
- ^ Rinderknecht, Andrés; Blanco, R. Ernesto (22 April 2008). "The largest fossil rodent". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 275 (1637): 923–928. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1645. PMC 2599941. PMID 18198140.
- ^ Millien, Virginie (7 September 2008). "The largest among the smallest: the body mass of the giant rodent Josephoartigasia monesi". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 275 (1646): 1953–1955. doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.0087. PMC 2596365. PMID 18495621.
Further reading
- McNeill Alexander, R. (2003): A Rodent as Big as a Buffalo. Science vol. 301, p. 1678-9. (HTML abstract link)