Papua may refer to:

• New Guinea, the world's second-largest island in the southwestern Pacific Ocean
• Western New Guinea, an Indonesian region comprising the western half of the island of New Guinea
  • Papua (province), an Indonesian province in the north coast of Western New Guinea
• Papua New Guinea, a country comprising the eastern half of the island of New Guinea
• Territory of Papua (1884–1949), a British/Australian-administered territory in southeastern New Guinea
• Southern Region, Papua New Guinea, officially known as Papua Region up to 2011

• Papua Beach, on the south Atlantic island of South Georgia
• Papua Island, off the north tip of the Antarctic Peninsula
• HMS Papua (K588), a British frigate in service in the Royal Navy from 1944 to 1945

• Papuan (disambiguation)
• West Papua (disambiguation)
• All pages with titles containing Papua
• Papuasia, a bioregion containing Papua