Pătrașcu is a Romanian-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Bogdan Pătrașcu (born 1979), Romanian footballer
• Cerasela Pătraşcu (born 1992), Romanian artistic gymnast
• Florin Pătrașcu (born 1986), Romanian footballer
• Maria Patrascu (born 1997), Romanian-born Canadian tennis player
• Mihai Pătrașcu (disambiguation), multiple people
• Nicolae Pătrașcu (1580 – 1627), titular Prince of Wallachia
• Pătrașcu cel Bun (?–1557), ruler of Wallachia