Nishimura (written: 西村) is the 46th most common Japanese surname.^[1] Notable people with the surname include:

• Akihiro Nishimura (politician) (born 1960), Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic Party
• Akihiro Nishimura (footballer) (born 1958), Japanese retired football player
• Akira Nishimura (born 1953), Japanese composer
• Aori Nishimura (born 2001), Japanese skateboarder
• Ayaka Nishimura (born 1989), Japanese field hockey player
• Chinami Nishimura (born 1970), Japanese voice actress
• Chinami Nishimura (politician) (born 1967), Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan
• Eshin Nishimura (born 1933), Japanese Rinzai Zen Buddhist priest and former president of Hanazono University
• Hiroki Nishimura (born 1994), Japanese cyclist
• Hiroyuki Nishimura (born 1976), Japanese internet entrepreneur, founder of the Japanese textboard 2channel and current administrator of 4chan
• Junji Nishimura (born 1955), Japanese animation director and producer
• Kō Nishimura (1923–1997), Japanese actor
• Ken Nishimura (born 1995), Japanese karateka
• Kentaro Nishimura (born 1985), Japanese Nippon Professional Baseball player
• Kodo Nishimura (born 1989), Japanese Buddhist monk and makeup artist
• Koichi Nishimura (born 1973), Japanese volleyball player
• Koji Nishimura (born 1984), Japanese football player
• Kokichi Nishimura (born 1919) Japanese soldier and businessman
• Kokū Nishimura (1915–2002), Japanese master shakuhachi player, teacher, and craftsman
• Kyotaro Nishimura (1930–2022), Japanese novelist
• Masahiko Nishimura (born 1960), Japanese theatre and film actor
• Motoki Nishimura (born 1947), Japanese judoka
• Osamu Nishimura (born 1971), Japanese professional wrestler
• Riki Nishimura (born 2005), Japanese K-pop idol of the group Enhypen
• Seiji Nishimura (born 1956), Japanese karateka
• Nishimura Shigeki (1828–1902), educator and leader of the Meiji Enlightenment
• Shingo Nishimura (born 1948), Japanese politician
• Shōgorō Nishimura (born 1930), Japanese film director
• Shoichi Nishimura (1912–1998), Japanese footballer and manager
• Shoji Nishimura (1889–1944), admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II
• Sō Nishimura (born 1936), Japanese manga artist
• Subaru Nishimura (born 2003), Japanese footballer
• Takuma Nishimura (1899–1951), general in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II
• Takuro Nishimura (born 1977), Japanese football player
• Tomohiro Nishimura (born 1961), Japanese voice actor, actor, and singer-songwriter
• Tomomichi Nishimura (born 1946), Japanese voice actor
• Trina Nishimura (born 1983), American voice actress
• Yasufumi Nishimura (born 1999), Japanese footballer
• Yasutoshi Nishimura (born 1962), Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic Party
• Yoshihiro Nishimura (born 1967), Japanese screenwriter, film director, special effects and makeup effects artist
• Yoshitaka Nishimura (born 1982), Japanese composer
• Yuichi Nishimura (born 1972), Japanese football referee
• Yukie Nishimura (born 1967), Japanese pianist

• 6306 Nishimura, a main-belt asteroid
• C/2023 P1 (Nishimura), a comet
• Nishimura's catalyst, a hydrogenation catalyst named in honor of chemist Shigeo Nishimura