Nguyễn Phúc Khoát
| Nguyễn Phúc Khoát 阮福濶 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nguyễn lords Lord of Cochinchina | |||||||||||||||||
| Nguyễn Lords | |||||||||||||||||
| Reign | 1738–1765 | ||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Nguyễn Phúc Trú | ||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Nguyễn Phúc Thuần | ||||||||||||||||
| Born | 26 September 1714 | ||||||||||||||||
| Died | 7 July 1765 (aged 50) Cochinchina | ||||||||||||||||
| Spouse | Trương Thị Dung Trần Thị Xạ Nguyễn Phúc Ngọc Cầu | ||||||||||||||||
| Issue | Nguyễn Phúc Chương Nguyễn Phúc Luân (father of Gia Long) Nguyễn Phúc Hạo (father of Nguyễn Phúc Dương) Nguyễn Phúc Thuần | ||||||||||||||||
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| House | Nguyễn Phúc | ||||||||||||||||
| Father | Nguyễn Phúc Chú | ||||||||||||||||
| Mother | Trương Thị Thư | ||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Buddhism | ||||||||||||||||
Nguyễn Phúc Khoát (26 September 1714 – 7 July 1765) was one of the Nguyễn lords who ruled over the southern portion of Vietnam from the 16th-18th centuries. Also known as Chúa Võ (主武) or Võ vương (武王)[1][2][3][4][5] (roughly Martial King), he continued the southern expansion undertaken by his predecessor, Nguyễn Phúc Trú. Provinces and districts originally belonging to Cambodia were taken by Khoát. The Vietnamese-Cambodian border established by the end of his reign remains the border today.[6][7] The de jure pretense of loyalty to the Lê dynasty was performed by Khoát.[8]
In 1747, Khoát sent a number of Vietnamese warriors to aid rebel princes of Cambodia against the newly crowned Cambodian King Ang Tong. These forces seized Sóc Trăng town and then moved towards Oudong, then royal capital of Cambodia. Ang Tong requested aid from Mạc Thiên Tứ, who secured a truce with the Nguyễn lord, in exchange for a few more provinces, namely Gò Công and Tân An. Ten years later, the Cambodian throne was seized by Outey II, with the help of Nguyễn and Mạc. In return for their contributions, he granted them seven provinces, including Sóc Trăng, Trà Vinh, Kampot, and Kompong Som.
Nguyễn Phúc Khoát died in 1765, and was succeeded by his sixteenth son, Nguyễn Phúc Thuần.[9] The presumed heir was originally his second son Nguyễn Phúc Chương.[10] After his death, his demise was taken advantage of by the Tây Sơn and its subsequent rebellion later in 1778.[11]
Culture
Trousers and tunics on the Chinese pattern in 1774 were ordered by the Võ vương Emperor to replace the traditional Vietnamese skirt of women.[12] However, Han-Chinese clothing are assembled by several pieces of clothing including both pants and skirts called quần (裙) or thường (裳) which is a part of Hanfu garments throughout the history of Han Chinese clothing. The Chinese Han, Tang and Ming dynasty clothing was referred to by Nguyễn Phúc Khoát.[13]
Missionaries and Christianity were banned by Nguyễn Phúc Khoát in 1750,[14] however he did listened to music by western missionaries.[15]
References
- ^ Ingo Barens; Volker Caspari; Bertram Schefold (1 January 2004). Political Events and Economic Ideas. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 406–. ISBN 978-1-84542-152-6.
- ^ Elijah Coleman Bridgman; Samuel Wells Williams (1847). The Chinese Repository. proprietors. pp. 585–.
- ^ Journal of the North China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. Kelly & Walsh. 1882. pp. 57–.
- ^ Sir James Haldane Stewart Lockhart; G. B. Glover (1898). The Currency of the Farther East from the Earliest Times Up to the Present Day. Noronha & Company. pp. 51–.
- ^ George Edson Dutton (2006). The Tây S_n Uprising: Society and Rebellion in Eighteenth-century Vietnam. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 279–. ISBN 978-0-8248-2984-1.
- ^ George Coedes (15 May 2015). The Making of South East Asia (RLE Modern East and South East Asia). Taylor & Francis. pp. 175–. ISBN 978-1-317-45094-8.
- ^ G. Coedes; George Cœdès (1966). The Making of South East Asia. University of California Press. pp. 213–. ISBN 978-0-520-05061-7.
- ^ Victor Lieberman (26 May 2003). Strange Parallels: Volume 1, Integration on the Mainland: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c.800–1830. Cambridge University Press. pp. 419–. ISBN 978-1-139-43762-2.
- ^ Anh Thư Hà, Hồng Đức Trần A Brief Chronology of Vietnam's History 2000 p.166 "He was the sixteenth son of Nguyễn Phúc Khoát. At first, Nguyễn Phúc Khoát chose his ninth son Phúc Hiệu as the Heir Apparent, but Phúc Hiệu died at a young age while Nguyễn Phúc Dương, Phúc Hiện̉s son, was still an infant."
- ^ Alastair Lamb (June 1970). The Mandarin road to old Hué: narratives of Anglo-Vietnamese diplomacy from the 17th century to the eve of the French conquest. Archon Books. p. 89.
- ^ Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society: 1961. The Branch. 1961. p. 32.
- ^ Anthony Reid (9 May 1990). Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce, 1450-1680: The Lands Below the Winds. Yale University Press. p. 90. ISBN 978-0-300-04750-9.
- ^ Jayne Werner; John K. Whitmore; George Dutton (21 August 2012). Sources of Vietnamese Tradition. Columbia University Press. pp. 295–. ISBN 978-0-231-51110-0.
- ^ Nicholas Belfield Dennys (1890). The China Review, Or, Notes and Queries on the Far East. "China Mail" Office. pp. 25–.
- ^ Tamkang Review. Graduate Institute of Western Languages and Literature Research, Tamkang College of Arts and Sciences. 2001. p. 32.
Sources
- Coedes, G. (1962). The Making of South-east Asia. London: Cox & Wyman Ltd. p213.