Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 (MAPK 13), also known as stress-activated protein kinase 4 (SAPK4), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK13 gene .[ 5]
Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation , differentiation , transcription regulation and development . This kinase is closely related to p38 MAP kinase , both of which can be activated by proinflammatory cytokines and cellular stress. MAP kinase kinases 3, and 6 can phosphorylate and activate this kinase. Transcription factor ATF2 , and microtubule dynamics regulator stathmin have been shown to be the substrates of this kinase.[ 5]
References
Further reading
Efimova T, Broome AM, Eckert RL (2004). "Protein kinase Cdelta regulates keratinocyte death and survival by regulating activity and subcellular localization of a p38delta-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 complex" . Mol. Cell. Biol . 24 (18): 8167– 83. doi :10.1128/MCB.24.18.8167-8183.2004 . PMC 515052 PMID 15340077 . Joneson T, Bar-Sagi D (1997). "Ras effectors and their role in mitogenesis and oncogenesis". J. Mol. Med . 75 (8): 587– 93. doi :10.1007/s001090050143 . PMID 9297626 . S2CID 23541383 . Efimova T (2010). "p38delta mitogen-activated protein kinase regulates skin homeostasis and tumorigenesis" . Cell Cycle . 9 (3): 498– 05. doi :10.4161/cc.9.3.10541 PMID 20090411 . Gutierrez-Sanmartin D, Varela-Ledo E, Aguilera A, et al. (2008). "Implication of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms (alpha, beta, gamma and delta) in CD4+ T-cell infection with human immunodeficiency virus type I." J. Gen. Virol . 89 (Pt 7): 1661– 71. doi :10.1099/vir.0.82971-0 PMID 18559936 . Zhang J, Harrison JS, Studzinski GP (2011). "Isoforms of p38MAPK gamma and delta contribute to differentiation of human AML cells induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃" . Exp. Cell Res . 317 (1): 117– 30. doi :10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.08.010 . PMC 2998239 PMID 20804750 . Segat L, Brandão LA, Guimarães RL, et al. (2010). "Polymorphisms in innate immunity genes and patients response to dendritic cell-based HIV immuno-treatment" . Vaccine . 28 (10): 2201– 6. doi :10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.12.056 PMID 20056178 . Zhou X, Ferraris JD, Dmitrieva NI, et al. (2008). "MKP-1 inhibits high NaCl-induced activation of p38 but does not inhibit the activation of TonEBP/OREBP: opposite roles of p38alpha and p38delta" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 105 (14): 5620– 5. Bibcode :2008PNAS..105.5620Z . doi :10.1073/pnas.0801453105 PMC 2291081 PMID 18367666 . Coulthard LR, Taylor JC, Eyre S, et al. (2011). "Genetic variants within the MAP kinase signalling network and anti-TNF treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis patients". Ann. Rheum. Dis . 70 (1): 98– 103. doi :10.1136/ard.2010.133249 . PMID 20805296 . S2CID 37511360 . Efimova T, Broome AM, Eckert RL (2003). "A regulatory role for p38 delta MAPK in keratinocyte differentiation. Evidence for p38 delta-ERK1/2 complex formation" . J. Biol. Chem . 278 (36): 34277– 85. doi :10.1074/jbc.M302759200 PMID 12810719 . Kim SJ, Zhang Z, Hitomi E, et al. (2006). "Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced caspase-4 activation mediates apoptosis and neurodegeneration in INCL" . Hum. Mol. Genet . 15 (11): 1826– 34. doi :10.1093/hmg/ddl105 PMID 16644870 . Talmud PJ, Drenos F, Shah S, et al. (2009). "Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip" . Am. J. Hum. Genet . 85 (5): 628– 42. doi :10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.014 . PMC 2775832 PMID 19913121 . Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6" . Nature . 425 (6960): 805– 11. Bibcode :2003Natur.425..805M . doi :10.1038/nature02055 PMID 14574404 . Colland F, Jacq X, Trouplin V, et al. (2004). "Functional proteomics mapping of a human signaling pathway" . Genome Res . 14 (7): 1324– 32. doi :10.1101/gr.2334104 . PMC 442148 PMID 15231748 . Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)" . Genome Res . 14 (10B): 2121– 7. doi :10.1101/gr.2596504 . PMC 528928 PMID 15489334 . Ozawa S, Ito S, Kato Y, et al. (2010). "Human p38 delta MAP kinase mediates UV irradiation induced up-regulation of the gene expression of chemokine BRAK/CXCL14". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun . 396 (4): 1060– 4. doi :10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.05.072 . PMID 20478268 . Kitatani K, Sheldon K, Anelli V, et al. (2009). "Acid beta-glucosidase 1 counteracts p38delta-dependent induction of interleukin-6: possible role for ceramide as an anti-inflammatory lipid" . J. Biol. Chem . 284 (19): 12979– 88. doi :10.1074/jbc.M809500200 PMC 2676030 PMID 19279008 . Tan FL, Ooi A, Huang D, et al. (2010). "p38delta/MAPK13 as a diagnostic marker for cholangiocarcinoma and its involvement in cell motility and invasion" . Int. J. Cancer . 126 (10): 2353– 61. doi :10.1002/ijc.24944 PMID 19816939 . S2CID 34276751 . Sofroniew MV, Howe CL, Mobley WC (2001). "Nerve growth factor signaling, neuroprotection, and neural repair". Annu. Rev. Neurosci . 24 : 1217– 81. doi :10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.1217 . PMID 11520933 . Bailey SD, Xie C, Do R, et al. (2010). "Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study" . Diabetes Care . 33 (10): 2250– 3. doi :10.2337/dc10-0452 . PMC 2945168 PMID 20628086 . Sumara G, Formentini I, Collins S, et al. (2009). "Regulation of PKD by the MAPK p38delta in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis" . Cell . 136 (2): 235– 48. doi :10.1016/j.cell.2008.11.018 . PMC 2638021 PMID 19135240 .
Activity Regulation Classification Kinetics Types
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine , which is in the public domain .
