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Levi F. Noble

Levi Fatzinger Noble
Born(1882-11-11)November 11, 1882
Auburn, New York
DiedAugust 4, 1965(1965-08-04) (aged 82)
Los Angeles, California
NationalityAmerican
Alma materYale University
Scientific career
Fieldsgeology
InstitutionsUnited States Geological Survey
Levi F. Noble (left) with Henry G. Ferguson (center) and James Gilluly (right), 1950s.

Levi Fatzinger Noble (November 11, 1882 – August 4, 1965)[1] was an American geologist. His entire career was spent as a member of the United States Geological Survey (USGS). Noble is largely known for his work in the American southwest, particularly as a pioneer geologist in the Death Valley region.

Early life

Noble was born in 1882 into a prominent and wealthy family of Auburn, New York. He received his bachelor's degree from Yale University in 1905 and his PhD in geology in 1909, also from Yale. Shortly after receiving his doctorate he was appointed to the USGS; being independently wealthy, he received only a token salary, and was largely permitted to select his own projects.[2]

In 1910, Noble married Dorothy Evans of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. As a wedding gift, Dorothy's parents gave them a fruit ranch near Valyermo, California, at the foot of the north slope of the San Gabriel Mountains and athwart the San Andreas Fault zone. The ranch was their principal residence for the rest of their lives.[2]

Geological career

Noble's initial investigations (including his PhD thesis) were in the Grand Canyon of Arizona. His PhD research included studies of Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks of the Grand Canyon. For the USGS, he prepared a detailed geologic map of the Shinumo quadrangle, which is part of Grand Canyon National Park.[2] During this research, he demonstrated great skill in climbing, traversing the canyon between the river and the rim in multiple locations (without trails) to measure the stratigraphic sections.[3]

In his Death Valley field investigations, which began in 1917 and continued off and on for 45 years, he observed and accurately recorded most of the major geologic features of Death Valley. Noble mapped an 8000 square mile area, assisted by Donald Curry and Thomas Thayer.[2] His early Death Valley work reported on nitrate deposits, motivated by World War I requirements for gunpowder. Later work addressed colemanite(borate) deposits, both in Shoshone and elsewhere.[2] His 1926 paper on the Shoshone colemanite deposits described the first evidence for Lake Manly in Death Valley, based on observed strand lines.[4] Much of his Death Valley work was published in his much-cited 1941 paper "Structural Features of the Virgin Spring area", which described and interpreted a geological feature which he named the "Amorgosa chaos"; the Amorgosa chaos is still a topic of geological research.[5]

Around 1950, Noble started working with both Lauren Wright and Bennie Troxel, who later became prominent Death Valley geologists. Revised interpretations of part of Noble's 1941 paper were included in a 1954 chapter co-written with Lauren Wright.[2]

During World War II, Noble worked with the USGS Military Geology Unit.[6] His working knowledge of the Russian and Japanese languages enabled him to read geologic maps and reports in those languages.[3]

Noble also engaged in a long-term investigation of a fifty-mile segment of the southern San Andreas Fault on the north side of the San Gabriel Mountains. In a 1926 paper, Noble was one of the first geologists to cite evidence for large horizontal displacement (38 kilometers) along this fault; this was a radical proposal at the time and was not accepted by most geologists. Later research by other geologists has now established movement of hundreds of kilometers on the San Andreas Fault.[7][8] Additional work in the area resulted in his USGS geologic maps of the Pearland and Valyermo quadrangles.

Noble was awarded the Interior Department's gold medal for distinguished service when he retired in 1951. He continued his affiliation with the USGS until his death in 1965.[3] In 1961, the borate mineral nobleite was named after him.[9]

Publications

References

  1. ^ The Hollister Family of America: Lieutenant John Hollister of Wethersfield, Connecticut, and his descendants by Lafayette Wallace Case (1886) p. 637
  2. ^ a b c d e f Wright, Lauren; Troxel, Bennie (2002). Levi Noble: Geologist (PDF) (Open-File Report 02-422 ed.). U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 9 Nov 2021.
  3. ^ a b c Bradley, W.H. (1966). "Memorial to Levi Fatzinger Noble (1882-1965)". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 77 (3): P49-P52. Bibcode:1966GSAB...77P..49B. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1966)77[p49:mtlfn]2.0.co;2.
  4. ^ Knott, J.R.; Sarna-Wojcicki, A.M.; Machette, M.N.; Klinger, R.E. (2005). "Upper Neogene stratigraphy and tectonics of Death Valley -- a Review". Earth-Science Reviews. 73 (1–4): 255. Bibcode:2005ESRv...73..245K. doi:10.1016/J.EARSCIREV.2005.07.004. S2CID 53392670.
  5. ^ Miller, Marli; Wright, Lauren (2007). Geology of Death Valley National Park. Kendall Hunt.
  6. ^ MJ Terman. 1998. Military Unit of the US Geological Survey During World War II. In JL Underwood and PL Guth, Military Geology in War and Peace, GSA Reviews in Engineering Geology, pp 49-54
  7. ^ Hill, Mason L. (1981). "San Andreas fault: History of Concepts". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 92 (3): 112–131. Bibcode:1981GSAB...92..112H. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1981)92<112:SAFHOC>2.0.CO;2.
  8. ^ CS Prentice. 1999. San Andreas fault: The 1906 earthquake and subsequent evolution of ideas. In EM Moores, D Sloan, and DL Stout, Classic Cordilleran Concepts: A View from California, Geologic Society of America Special Paper 338, pp 79-85
  9. ^ Erd, Richard C.; McAllister, James F.; Vlisidis, Angelina C. (1961). "Nobleite, another new hydrous calcium borate from the Death Valley region, California". American Mineralogist. 46: 5–6.

See also

Quelle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi_F._Noble