King George VI Reservoir

King George VI Reservoir
King George VI Reservoir
	View across the reservoir
	King George VI Reservoir
Location	Surrey since 1965; Middlesex before 1965
Coordinates	51°26′56″N 0°30′07″W / 51.449°N 0.502°W
Type	Man made reservoir
Primary inflows	Staines Reservoirs Aqueduct from Hythe End
Primary outflows	Staines Reservoirs Aqueduct to Kempton Park and Hampton Waterworks
Catchment area	Thames Basin
Basin countries	United Kingdom
Built	1937
Surface area	140 ha (350 acres)
Max. depth	17 m (56 ft)
Water volume	15.88 Gl (3.49×109 imp gal)
Shore length1	5.23 kilometres (3.25 mi)
Surface elevation	15 metres (49 ft) to 16 metres (52 ft)
Islands	None
	1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure.

The King George VI Reservoir sits between Stanwell Moor and Staines upon Thames, south-west of Heathrow, England. It is between Staines Moor and a north–south road abutting the Staines Reservoirs. The reservoir was opened in November 1947 and named after the then reigning monarch George VI. It is owned by Thames Water.

Construction and statistics

It occupies 350 acres (1.4 km²) and holds 3,493 million gallons (15,880,000 m³)^[1] or, per The Times, 4,466 million gallons.^[2] The top of its banks are 56 ft (17 m) above the surrounds. The enclosing bank crest measures 5.23 km.^[2] Like its Lower Thames siblings, it is of earthen dam build: a puddled clay lining and embankments from materials excavated on site, particularly ballast (heavier aggregates).^[3] It has been built-up from dry land as the eastern Thames Basin lacked sufficiently watered, largely unpopulated, agriculturally unprized vales to be dammed near to which conveniently coal-supplied treatment works and pipes to London could be built.

A tendered bid for the work – at £1,292,000, equivalent to £105,300,000 in 2023 – was accepted in July 1937. The contractor was John Mowlem and Co. Limited.^[2]

World War II use when empty

The reservoir was completed in 1939 but was left empty due to the outbreak of the Second World War. It is reputed that a mock Clapham Junction railway station was built inside to confuse the Luftwaffe.^[4] The reservoir was used for fog dispersal experiments for an aircraft landing in fog or smog technique, FIDO.^[5] It was formally opened by King George VI on 7 November 1947.^[2]

Local economic history

The land purchase was likely connected with gravel extraction locally. Four such firms were digging for aggregates in Stanwell in 1956, employing nearly 100 people.^[6]

Operation, sheep and notable birds

This and the Staines Reservoirs, built 1902, receive their input from the Thames at Hythe End, Wraysbury above Bell Weir Lock and the mouth of the Colne Brook. The reservoir's inlet valve tower is south, north of a pumping station; the outlet one is east, being gravity-fed. Input and output are to and from the Staines Reservoirs Aqueduct, feeding the Water Treatment Works at Kempton Park and another at Hampton.

To ease inspection of banks, a flock of sheep is kept on them which keeps them close-cropped.^[7]

It is part of the Staines Moor Site of Special Scientific Interest. The reservoirs carry (are habitats for) nationally large wintering populations of tufted ducks, pochard, goosander and goldeneye.

References

^ Smith, Denis (2001). Civil Engineering Heritage. Thomas Telford, UK ISBN 0-7277-2876-8
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "350-acre reservoir opening at Staines by the King today". The Times. 7 November 1947. p. 3.
^ Hewlett, Henry (2004). Long-Term Benefits and Performance of Dams (Proceedings the 13th Conference of the British Dam Society held at the University of Kent, June 2004). Thomas Telford, UK.
^ Gallop, Alan (2005). Time Flies: Heathrow At 60. Stroud: Sutton Publishing. p. 36. ISBN 1-85310-259-8.
^ Williams, Geoffrey (1995). Flying Through Fire. Grange Books. p. 8. ISBN 1-85627-900-6.
^ Reynolds, Susan (1962). 'Stanwell: Economic and social history', in A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 3 pp. 43-45. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol3/pp43-45
^ "The real-life reservoir dogs (press release)". PR Newswire. Thames Water. Retrieved 4 December 2016.

External links

Surrey County Council map

[1] Smith, Denis (2001). Civil Engineering Heritage. Thomas Telford, UK ISBN 0-7277-2876-8

[:0-2] "350-acre reservoir opening at Staines by the King today". The Times. 7 November 1947. p. 3.

[3] Hewlett, Henry (2004). Long-Term Benefits and Performance of Dams (Proceedings the 13th Conference of the British Dam Society held at the University of Kent, June 2004). Thomas Telford, UK.

[4] Gallop, Alan (2005). Time Flies: Heathrow At 60. Stroud: Sutton Publishing. p. 36. ISBN 1-85310-259-8.

[5] Williams, Geoffrey (1995). Flying Through Fire. Grange Books. p. 8. ISBN 1-85627-900-6.

[6] Reynolds, Susan (1962). 'Stanwell: Economic and social history', in A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 3 pp. 43-45. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol3/pp43-45

[The_real-life_reservoir_dogs_(press_release)-7] "The real-life reservoir dogs (press release)". PR Newswire. Thames Water. Retrieved 4 December 2016.

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Thames Water
History	John Backhouse Joseph Bazalgette Edmund Colthurst Great Stink London sewer system London water supply Metropolitan Board of Works Metropolitan Water Board Hugh Myddelton William Chadwell Mylne New River Company New River John Snow William Webster 1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak
Major projects	Abingdon Reservoir Thames Tideway Scheme, including Thames Tideway Tunnel and Lee Tunnel Thames Gateway Water Treatment Works Thames Water Ring Main
Infrastructure	Abbey Mills Pumping Station Beckton Sewage Treatment Works Coppermills Water Treatment Works Cricklewood Pumping Station Crossness Pumping Station Crossness Sewage Treatment Works Deephams Sewage Treatment Works Greenwich pumping station Hampton Water Treatment Works Mogden Sewage Treatment Works Walton water treatment works
Reservoirs	Banbury Reservoir Bath Road Reservoir Bessborough Reservoir Chingford Reservoirs East Warwick Reservoir Farmoor Reservoir Grimsbury Reservoir High Maynard Reservoir Island Barn Reservoir Kempton Park Reservoirs King George V Reservoir King George VI Reservoir Knight Reservoir Lee Valley Reservoir Chain Lockwood Reservoir Low Maynard Reservoir Molesey Reservoirs Queen Elizabeth II Reservoir Queen Mary Reservoir Queen Mother Reservoir Stain Hill Reservoirs Staines Reservoirs Sunnyside Reservoir Tilehurst Water Tower Walthamstow Reservoirs West Warwick Reservoir William Girling Reservoir Wraysbury Reservoir

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Reservoirs	Bessborough Reservoir Island Barn Reservoir Kempton Park Reservoirs King George VI Reservoir Knight Reservoir Molesey Reservoirs Queen Elizabeth II Reservoir Queen Mary Reservoir Stain Hill Reservoirs Staines Reservoirs Wraysbury Reservoir
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