Kempe may refer to:

• Kempe baronets, a title in the Baronetage of England
• Kempe chain, part of the four-colour theorem
• Kempe Fjord, King Christian X Land, Greenland
• Kempe Glacier, Antarctica
• Kempe Hill, former name of Camp Hill, West Midlands, England

• Adrian Kempe (born 1996), Swedish ice hockey player
• Alfred Kempe (1849–1922), English mathematician
• Arnold E. Kempe (born 1927), American lawyer and politician
• Carl Kempe (1884–1967), Swedish paper producer
• Charles Eamer Kempe (1837–1907), English stained glass designer
• C. Henry Kempe (1922–1984), American pediatrician who was the first to identify and recognize child abuse
• Kempe Gowda I (1513–69), Yelahanka chieftain, founded the city of Bangalore
• Margaret Louisa Kempe (1806–1867), American planter, slave owner, and mother-in-law of Jefferson Davis
• Margery Kempe (c. 1373–after 1438), English autobiographer, religious pilgrim
• Raymond J. Kempe (born 1931), American lawyer and politician
• Rudolf Kempe (1910–76), German conductor
• William Kempe (died c. 1603), English actor and morris dancer

• Kemp (disambiguation)