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Indo pop

See also: List of Indo pop musicians
Not to be confused with Indian pop or Indie pop.
Indonesian pop
Other namesI-pop
Stylistic origins
Cultural origins1960s, Indonesia
Typical instrumentsVocal, acoustic guitar, electric bass, electric guitar, drum, keyboard, piano, violin, harmonica, synthesizer, ukulele
Subgenres
Pop Melayu
Regional scenes
Other topics
Noah, one of the most popular pop bands in Indonesia

Indo pop (Indonesian: Pop Indo), also known as Indonesian pop (Indonesian: Pop Indonesia) or I-pop, is loosely defined as Indonesian pop music; however, in a wider sense, it can also encompass Indonesian pop culture, which also includes Indonesian cinema and sinetrons (Indonesian TV dramas).

Indonesian pop music today is sometimes influenced by trends and recordings from Western music.[1] However, in return, the Indonesian style of pop music has influenced the regional pop culture in Southeast Asia, especially the Malaysian pop scene that began imitating the Indonesian style of pop music in the late 2000s. Indo pop usually expresses contemporary Indonesian sentiments and lifestyles, generally about love and social life related to relationships. Indonesian pop music with sad and mellow melodies is popular and sells well.[2]

History

1960s–1970s

Koes Plus, one of the pioneer of Indonesian pop music

Koes Plus, formerly called Koes Bersaudara, is considered one of the pioneers of Indonesian pop and rock 'n roll music in the 1960s and 1970s.[citation needed] American and British music influences were obvious in the music of Koes Plus; the Beatles were known to be the main influences of this band.

Indonesian pop music in the 1970s also gave rise to musicians and singers such as Chrisye, Titiek Puspa, and Ebiet G. Ade. Their work in the country's music industry was large, influencing the development of music after that. These names are still stuck in the minds of many because they are the pioneers of pop music in this country.[3]

The Indonesian music industry in the 1970s was quite advanced, and the pop music genre became very popular, featuring works from musicians like Chrisye, Ade, and Puspa. The Prambors (LCLR) songwriting competition in 1977 broke the stagnation in the pop music industry at that time. This event also gave birth to many new musicians in the following years.[3]

1970s–1980s: Melancholic and creative pop genres

Main article: Pop kreatif

During the late 1970s and through the 1980s, two subgenres of Indonesian pop dominated the local industry: melancholic pop and creative pop. Melancholic pop, also known as weepy song, is characterised by a slow tempo, sentimental themes often touching domestic settings and influences from 1950s American traditional pop, incorporating elementary chord progressions.[4] Prominent composers in this subgenre included Rinto Harahap. Pance Pondaag and Obbie Messakh.[5][6] Popular melancholic pop singers included Dian Piesesha (whose album Tak Ingin Sendiri sold over 2 million copies), Nia Daniaty, Iis Sugianto, and Betharia Sonatha (whose album Hati yang Luka became a major hit in 1987).[6][7][4] This subgenre was briefly banned from being broadcast on TVRI in 1988 by Harmoko, Indonesia's then Minister of Information.[5][8]

In contrast, creative pop is characterised by its upbeat tempo and AOR influences, with elements of funk, new wave, jazz fusion, disco, and boogie comparable to Japanese city pop and jazz fusion.[9] This subgenre was particularly associated with urbanites and the leisure class.[9] Popular singers and composers in this subgenre included Chrisye, Fariz RM, KLa Project, Utha Likumahuwa, and Vina Panduwinata.[10][11][6] The successes of the Badai Pasti Berlalu soundtrack and Fariz RM's album Sakura became a momentum for the growth of city pop.[6] After the Harmoko ban on melancholic pop from being broadcast on TVRI in 1988, creative pop gradually became more popular with the masses, dominating from the late 1980s until 1990, when Malaysian slow rock/rock kapak began to seep into Indonesian pop culture.[12]

Iwan Fals, a legendary Indonesian musician who raises many social and political issues in his music

Iwan Fals was very popular at that time, and his music is still a favourite of many people. The songs are quite political; they raise many issues, such as war ("Puing"), the environment ("Isi Rimba Tak Ada Tempat Berpijak Lagi"), poverty ("Siang Sebrang Istana"), and child labour ("Sore Tugu Pancoran"). The songs often criticise the government. Some of his songs were banned by the authoritarian Suharto government at that time.[13]

1980s–1990s: Pop groups

In the late 1980s, boy and girl groups began to emerge. The first boy group to debut in Indonesia was Trio Libels, which consisted of Ronnie Sianturi, Yanni and Edwin Manansang. This was followed by the first wave or generation of boy groups, girl groups and co-ed groups. Several notable groups that emerged from this wave are Cool Colors, Coboy, M.E., T-Five, Warna, Rida Sita Dewi, AB Three, and Bening.[14]

2000s–2010s: Pop rock and East Asian influences

In the 2000s, music with a pop rock style began to dominate the national music charts. Popular bands that use the pop rock concept include Peterpan, Dewa 19, Gigi, Sheila on 7, Padi, Ada Band, Ungu, Letto, Nidji, and D'Masiv, all of which are featured on MTV Asia and tour regularly nationwide plus the neighbouring countries of Singapore and Malaysia. These bands have received immense reception in the region (including Brunei). Some people have attributed this to the neutral shared vocabulary in songwriting compared to the spoken vernaculars between these countries. However, others have speculated that the proliferation of pirated cassettes and CDs is the cause.[15][16]

The popularity of Indonesian music in Malaysia, in particular, had become so overwhelming that in 2008, demands were made for radio stations to restrict the number of Indonesian songs aired to give local musicians a fairer chance.[17]

Some pop rock bands incorporate traditional Malay roots into their sound, reviving the old Orkes Melayu style once popular in Indonesia and Malaysia. Such bands belong to the "Band Pop Melayu" Malay pop subgenre, which became popular in the late 2000s with acts like Kangen Band, Wali, Hijau Daun, Armada, Angkasa, and ST 12.[18]

Indonesia first experienced the Korean wave in the 2000s, leading to the popularisation of K-dramas and K-pop. The rising popularity of K-pop gave rise to a second wave or generation of boy bands and girl groups in Indonesia.[19][20] Several K-pop-influenced groups emerged from this wave, one of the earliest being G-String,[21] but the most notable are SM*SH, CJR and Cherrybelle. Other popular groups include 7Icons, XO-IX, Hitz, and Dragonboyz. It is from this era that the term "I-pop" emerged and was used by several groups, including Cherrybelle,[22][23] 7Icons, and XO-IX.[24]

Several J-pop-influenced groups also debuted around the same time. In 2011, Super Girlies, a J-pop-influenced girl group, debuted; their first single is a cover of a Berryz Kobo song.[25] That same year, the Japanese idol group AKB48 launched its first sister group in Jakarta, JKT48. JKT48 introduced the "idols you can meet" concept in Indonesia and distinguished itself from other groups by calling themselves an idol group rather than a "girlband" particularly.[26] Subsequently, several independent J-pop-influenced "idol groups" made their debuts, including LuSca, which debuted in 2012.[27]

Connection with Indonesian films and television series

Indonesian films and television series have a strong relationship with Indonesian music. Most Indonesian films feature soundtracks consisting primarily of Indonesian music, generally Indonesian pop and some rock.

Dwiki Dharmawan, a member of Krakatau, is known for some of his musical works that are related to soundtracks in Indonesian films and television series.[28] Dwiki debuted with the soundtrack of Elegi Buat Nana in 1988, followed by his arrangement of Ags. Arya Dipayana's "Aku Ingin" for the film Cinta dalam Sepotong Roti, in 1990.[29]

Dwiki then wrote the soundtracks for Deru Debu (Thundering Dust, 1994) and Bidadari Yang Terluka (A Wounded Angel, 1997).[30][31]

Melly Goeslaw is an Indonesian musician and female solo singer known for her many musical works related to soundtracks in Indonesian films and television series. Goeslaw made her debut in making soundtracks for teen drama films in 2002 with the film entitled Ada Apa dengan Cinta?, where most of the songs were sung by her and written by her and her husband.[32]

Goeslaw then provided the soundtrack for Eiffel I'm in Love in 2003, Apa Artinya Cinta? in 2005, the film Heart in 2006, The Butterfly in 2007, and Ketika Cinta Bertasbih in 2009.[33] She considered writing the song "Ketika Cinta Bertasbih" more difficult than his previous work in teen romance films because it is a religious film.[34]

Her works in these films made Goeslaw increasingly popular as a soundtrack musician, earning her the nickname Queen of Soundtrack. The soundtrack later won Best Soundtrack at the Indonesian Film Festival.[35]

International popularity

The high popularity of Indonesian pop music is now limited to Malay-speaking countries. The wider coverage is only for ASEAN countries such as the Philippines, Vietnam, and Cambodia.[36]

Indonesian singers such as Agnez Mo have been gaining popularity in neighbouring Asian countries such as Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, and the Philippines.[37]

Afgan performing in 2013

The 2018 single "Heaven" by Afgan, Isyana Sarasvati, and Rendy Pandugo, became popular in Indonesia, Taiwan, Vietnam, and Sri Lanka, reaching the top 10 in all four countries.[38]

In 2018, the official theme song for the 2018 Asian Games, "Meraih Bintang", performed by pop dangdut singer Via Vallen,[39] became viral in numerous countries across Asia and beyond. Many singers performed translated covers of the song in their respective languages, uploading the videos on YouTube.

Nevertheless, prominent Indonesian musicians such as Rich Brian, NIKI, Stephanie Poetri, Weird Genius, and Rainych have acquired recognition internationally between 2018 and 2022. They are primarily associated with international record labels and represent the rise of Indo pop in international popularity.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Indonesian Pop Music". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 2011-01-04. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
  2. ^ "Orang Indonesia Cenderung Mempunyai Selera Musik Sedih". Prambors FM. 2022-06-02. Retrieved 2022-08-25.
  3. ^ a b "Semua Halaman - Tren dan Warna Musik Indonesia Dekade 1970-an Sampai 2010-an". JawaPos.com (in Indonesian). 2021-03-10. Retrieved 2022-08-27.
  4. ^ a b Yampolsky, P. (1989). “Hati Yang Luka”, an Indonesian Hit. Indonesia, 47, 1–17. doi:10.2307/3351072
  5. ^ a b Ahsan, Ivan Aulia. "Sejarah Pelarangan Lagu Cengeng Zaman Orde Baru". tirto.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  6. ^ a b c d Sakrie, Denny (2015-03-01). 100 Tahun Musik Indonesia (in Indonesian). GagasMedia. ISBN 978-979-780-785-6.
  7. ^ Tim. "Dian Piesesha hingga Meriam Bellina Ramaikan Konser Senandung Rindu". hiburan (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  8. ^ Media, Kompas Cyber (2021-07-05). "Saat Harmoko Larang Pemutaran Lagu-lagu Cengeng". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  9. ^ a b Indonesia, Harper's Bazaar. "Kembalinya Musik Pop Kreatif dalam Terminologi Baru: Indonesian City Pop". harpersbazaar.co.id. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  10. ^ Indonesia, C. N. N. "KLa Project, Gelombang yang Mendobrak 'Pop Cengeng' Indonesia". hiburan (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  11. ^ developer, medcom id (2023-06-25). "Bangkitnya Lagu-lagu Chrisye, Fariz RM, dan Pop Kreatif dalam Label City Pop Indonesia". medcom.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  12. ^ gm, Indra (2023-04-14). "Ketika Pop Melankolis Tidak Lagi Mendominasi, Dua Bintang Ini Lahir Menandai Tren Baru di Blantika Musik Indonesia - Laman 2 dari 2". Lontar News (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  13. ^ Elliot (2018-10-16). "Traditional and Modern Indonesian Music". Retrieved 2022-08-27.
  14. ^ "10 Boyband dan Girlband Indonesia Yang Pernah Jaya di Era 90-an". KapanLagi.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-09-25.
  15. ^ "10 Lagu Indonesia Tahun 2000-an yang Intronya Bikin Flashback ke Era MTV". www.kapanlagi.com. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  16. ^ "8 Musisi Jagoan Indonesia Yang Berjaya di Malaysia". KapanLagi.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  17. ^ "Malaysian music industry wants Indonesian songs restricted". The Jakarta Post. 3 September 2008. Archived from the original on 24 December 2009.
  18. ^ "HIDUP MATI MUSIK POP MELAYU DI INDONESIA DARI NORAK SAMPAI DIJADIKAN AJANG UNTUK BERNOSTALGIA". www.froyonion.com. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  19. ^ Bennett, A.; Robards, B. (2014-06-15). Mediated Youth Cultures: The Internet, Belonging and New Cultural Configurations. Springer. ISBN 978-1-137-28702-1.
  20. ^ Kerr, Thor; Ndimande, Bekisizwe; Putten, Jan Van der; Johnson-Mardones, Daniel F.; Arimbi, Diah Ariani; Amalia, Yuni Sari (2018-12-14). Urban Studies: Border and Mobility: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Urban Studies (ICUS 2017), December 8-9, 2017, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-01724-7.
  21. ^ Times, I. D. N.; Triadanti. "Apa Kabar Boyband dan Girlband yang Pernah Menjamur di Indonesia?". IDN Times (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-09-24.
  22. ^ "Kapanlagi.com: Musik - Dianggap Tiru Konsep Girlband Korea, Cherry Belle: Salah Banget!". KapanLagi.com. Retrieved 2022-09-24.
  23. ^ Coley, Denise (2015-05-22). "Non-Kpop Wednesday: Cherrybelle". K Crush America Magazine. Retrieved 2022-09-24.
  24. ^ Arai Amelya (10 January 2012). "'K-Pop vs I-Pop', N: Sonic Siap 'Lawan' Boyband Indonesia". KapanLagi.com. Retrieved 2022-09-24.
  25. ^ Okezone (2012-01-29). "Supergirlies Beli Lagu dari Girlband Jepang". celebrity.okezone.com/ (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-11-16.
  26. ^ "Ngobrol Bareng Anji Manji, Personil JKT48 Tak Mau Grupnya Disebut Girlband, Kenapa?". Grid.ID (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-11-16.
  27. ^ "[Local Idol] Yuk kita mengenal lebih dekat dengan Lumina Scarlet!". Japanese Station (in Indonesian). 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2022-11-17.
  28. ^ Diani, Hera (24 February 2002). "Musician Dwiki goes back to his roots". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 5 June 2024. Retrieved 5 June 2024 – via Jawawa.
  29. ^ Junaidi, Ahmad (31 March 2010). "Sapardi Djoko Damono: 70 ... and still kicking". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 3 April 2010. Retrieved 10 November 2011.
  30. ^ Jaya, Brillianto K. (21 March 1999). "Keeping track of music in the movies". Archived from the original on 4 June 2024 – via Jawawa.
  31. ^ "Ita Purnamasari Hamil 3 Bulan". Berita Yudha. 7 June 1997.
  32. ^ Media, Kompas Cyber (2020-11-16). "Melly Goeslaw Sebut Ada Apa Dengan Cinta Jadi Titik Penting Kariernya". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  33. ^ "First Solo Concert For Melly Goeslaw". 2012-09-28. Archived from the original on 2012-09-28. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  34. ^ "Melly finds writing religious songs hard". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  35. ^ "'Arisan' takes major honors at film festival | The Jakarta Post". 2012-10-15. Archived from the original on 2012-10-15. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  36. ^ "Editor Says: Ketika Musik Indonesia Berjaya di Negeri Tetangga". fimela.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-01-23.
  37. ^ "Agnez Mo Buktikan Kedahsyatan Suaranya saat Nyanyikan Lagu Ini, Netizen: Itu Berkat Soundman".
  38. ^ "Afgan Gembira Lagunya Bersama Isyana dan Randy Pandugo Diminati". 30 April 2018.
  39. ^ Putra, Muhammad Andika (7 June 2018). "Via Vallen Bakar Semangat Asian Games lewat "Meraih Bintang"" [Via Vallen keep Asian Games spirit through "Meraih Bintang"]. CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 18 June 2018.
Quelle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo_pop