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Gummarus

Gummarus
Born717
Around Brabant, Austrasia, Kingdom of the Franks
Died774[1] or 714[2]
Carolingian Empire
Venerated inRoman Catholic Church
Eastern Orthodox Church
BeatifiedPre-Congregation
Major shrineLier, Belgium
FeastOctober 11
Patronagechildless people, courtiers, cowherds, difficult marriages, glovers, hernia sufferers, separated spouses, woodcutters
Reliquary in Lier

Saint Gummarus of Lier (also known as Gommaire, Gommer or Gummery) is a Belgian saint. He was the son of the Lord of Emblem (near Lier, Belgium). An official in the court of his relative Pepin the Younger or Pepin of Herstal according to some other sources,[2] after a number of years in military service he retired to live the life of a hermit.[3] The town of Lier grew up around his hermitage.

Life

Gummarus was a native of Emblehem, referring to an area including Lier and not just the town of Emblem,[4] in Brabant, and a relative of Pippin the Younger, who called him to his court and entrusted him with important offices. The king arranged a marriage between Gummarus and a wealthy noblewoman named Guinmarie, extravagant and haughty.[5] His wife appears to have been shrewish as well as abusive to their household servants in his absence. They had no children.

Gummarus accompanied Pepin on a number of military campaigns,[6] and spent eight years in the field, in Cardekho, Saxony, and the Aquitaine. Upon his return from the military, Gummarus tried to reconcile with his wife and remedy the injustices she had laid upon the people in their service. That he might have a place of quiet and retirement, and in order to attend his private devotions, he built a chapel called Nivesdunc.

Statue of Sint-Gummarus, inside the Sint-Gummaruschurch in Lier

Gummarus and his wife eventually separated. He became a hermit at Nivesdunc and the town of Lier, Belgium grew up around the site of the hermitage where he died in 774.[6] Other sources place his time of death around 714.[2] The latter is more likely the true time of death as Gummarus was said to have met saint Rumbold of Mechelen[7][8][9] who has been determined to have died between 580 and 655.[10][11][12] In 754[13] or 815 he was recognized as a saint[14]

Veneration

Saint Rumbold meets Saint Gummarus, Cathedral of Mechelen

St. Gummarus is the patron saint of Lier. A number of miracles were attributed to his intercession. He is commemorated by the Roman Catholic Church,[5] and the Eastern Orthodox Church, including Western Rite Orthodox on 11 October.[3]

The site of his hermitage is now St. Peter's chapel. The collegiate Church of St. Gummarus was built in Brabantine Gothic in 1378. Every year on the first Sunday after October 10, the city holds the Sint-Gummarus Fair, which includes a procession in which the saint's relics are carried through the streets of Lier.[15]

Brouwerij Cornelissen of Limburg, Belgium brews an award-winning Sint Gummarus Tripel.[16]

Iconography

Gummarus was assumed to have been a close companion of the Christian missionary Rumbold of Mechelen, who worked in Brabant, and is sometimes credited with helping Rumbold found an abbey at Lier. For this reason they are often depicted together in paintings and stained glass windows. However a 2004 examination of relics believed to be those of Rumbold suggests that he likely died over fifty years before Gummarus was born, so they would not have been contemporaries.[11]

References

  1. ^ Hallett, Dr Nicky (2013-04-28). Lives of Spirit: English Carmelite Self-Writing of the Early Modern Period. ISBN 9781409489641.
  2. ^ a b c Sint-Gummarus Archived 2019-11-03 at the Wayback Machine visitlier.be, article in Dutch
  3. ^ a b Jones, Paul Anthony (2019). The Cabinet of Linguistic Curiosities: A Yearbook of Forgotten Words. University of Chicago Press. p. 285. ISBN 978-0-226-64670-1.
  4. ^ Horemans, Karine (1990). De legende van Gummarus Patroon van Lier (1 ed.). Lier-Kermiscomité.
  5. ^ a b Butler, Alban. “Saint Gummar, or Gomer, Confessor”. Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Principal Saints, 1866. CatholicSaints.Info. 7 May 2016Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  6. ^ a b Monks of Ramsgate. “Gummarus”. Book of Saints, 1921. CatholicSaints.Info. 7 May 2016Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  7. ^ Mulder-Bakker, Anneke; Carasso-Kok, Marijke (1997). Gouden legenden : heiligenlevens en heiligenverering in de Nederlanden. Verloren. p. 145. ISBN 9065502912.
  8. ^ "Lezing over Sint-Rombout in Mechelen – Sint-Rombout: waarheid of legende? (Presentation for a 20 May 2010 lecture)" (in Dutch). Persdienst Aartsbisdom (Archbishopric Press Service), Mechelen / Vrienden van de Sint-Romboutskathedraal vzw. 2010. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 5 Jul 2011.
  9. ^ "St Rumbold". Catholic Online. 2011. Retrieved 5 Jul 2011.
  10. ^ van Eck, Xander (2015). "The high altar of the archiepiscopal cathedral of Mechelen: St Rumbold's grand reliquary and tomb". Simiolus: Netherlands Quarterly for the History of Art. 38 (4): 213–227. ISSN 0037-5411. JSTOR 26382631.
  11. ^ a b Mark van Strydonck; Anton Ervynck; Marit Vandenbruaene; Mathieu Boudin (2006). Relieken, echt of vals? (in Dutch). Davidsfonds, Leuven. ISBN 978-90-5826-420-6.
  12. ^ "De relieken van Sint-Rombout" (in Dutch). Torens aan de Dijle vzw (Cooperation between representatives of 8 historical churches at Mechelen, and the City). 2011. Archived from the original on 2012-03-26. Retrieved 5 Jul 2011.
  13. ^ Gummarusfeesten in Lier kuleuven.be, article in Dutch
  14. ^ Parochiekerk Sint-Gummarus onroerenderfgoed.be, article in Dutch
  15. ^ Sint-Gummarusprocessie visitlier.be, article in Dutch
  16. ^ Sint-Gummarusbier Archived 2020-03-22 at the Wayback Machine visitlier.be, article in Dutch

Sources

Quelle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gummarus