Erasmus is a masculine given name. It is borne by:

• Erasmus of Arcadia, 18th century Greek Orthodox bishop
• Erasmus of Formia (died c. 303), Christian saint and martyr
• Erasmus of Lueg, 15th century Slovenian robber baron, famed for being besieged in Predjama Castle
• Erasmus Burt (c. 1820–1861), American physician, politician, and Confederate colonel
• Erasme Louis Surlet de Chokier (1769–1839), Belgian politician
• Erasmus Darwin (1731–1802), English physician and poet, grandfather of Charles Darwin
• Erasmus Alvey Darwin (1804–1881), brother of Charles Darwin
• Erasmus Darwin IV (1881–1915), son of Horace Darwin, grandson of Charles Darwin
• Erasmus Finx (1627–1694), aka Erasmus Francisci, German polymath, author, and writer of Christian hymns
• Erasmus Gower (1742–1814), British naval officer and colonial governor
• Erasmus Grasser (c. 1450–c. 1515), German master builder and sculptor
• Erasmus James (born 1982), American football player
• Erasmus D. Keyes (1810–1895), American businessman, banker, and general
• Erasmus Reinhold (1511–1553), German astronomer and mathematician
• Erasmus Richardson (1810–1892), American politician
• Erasmus Sarcerius (1501–1559), German Protestant thinker
• Erasmus Smith (1611–1691), English merchant, landowner, and philanthropist

• Rasmus (given name), a shortened form of the name
• Elmo (given name), a name derived from Erasmus