Langbahn Team – Weltmeisterschaft

List of the Cenozoic life of Washington

This list of the Cenozoic life of Washington contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Washington and are between 66 million and 10,000 years of age.

Chlorophytes

Diatoms

Frustulia rhomboides
Navicula contendens

Foraminifera

Test of Elphidium

Plants

Bryophytes

Hypnites patens moss holotype

"Ferns" (Polypodiophyta)

A fossilized frond found in Whatcom County from the Eocene tree fern Cyathea inequilateralis

Lycophytes

Ginkgophytes

Ginkgo biloba
Klondike Mountain Formation
Ypresian, Republic

Gnetophytes

Pinophytes

Cupressaceae

Metasequoia occidentalis branchlet

Pinaceae

Abies milleri twig and foliage
Pseudolarix wehrii wing seed

Sciadopityaceae

Taxaceae

Angiosperms

Plants A

Fossilized leaf found near Spokane; the holotype specimen of the Oligocene-Miocene maple tree Acer chaneyi
Fossilized leaf found in Republic from the Eocene Alder species Alnus parvifolia

Plants B

Fossilized leaf found in Republic from the Eocene to birch species Betula leopoldae

Plants C

Fossilized leaf found in Republic from the Eocene katsura species Cercidiphyllum obtritum
Fossilized leaf found in Republic from the Eocene sweetfern species Comptonia columbiana

Plants D

Diospyros oregoniana

Plants E

Eucommia montana fruit

Plants F

Fagopsis undulata
Klondike Mountain Formation
Ypresian, Republic
Fossilized calyx found in Republic from the Eocene mallow species Florissantia quilchenensis

Plants G

Plants H

Hydrangea knowltoni

Plants I

Plants J

Plants K

A living Koelreuteria tree

Plants L

Langeria magnifica
Klondike Mountain Formation
Ypresian Republic
Liquidambar changii
Yakima Canyon Flora
Miocene Yakima Canyon

Plants M

Macginitiea gracilis
Klondike Mountain Formation
Republic

Plants N

Plants O

Fossilized leaf found in Ferry County belonging to the Eocene golden-club Orontium wolfei

Plants P

Palaeocarpinus barksdaleae samaras
Photinia pagae leaf
Prunus cathybrownae flower

Plants Q

†Quercus hiholensis acorn in matrix

Plants R

Eocene Republica hickeyi leaf found in Republic Washington
Fossilized compound leaf from an Eocene sumac Rhus hybrid

Plants S

Plants T

Tetracentron hopkinsii,
Klondike Mountain Formation
Republic
Tilia johnsoni,
Klondike Mountain Formation
Republic
Tsukada davidiifolia,
Klondike Mountain Formation
Republic

Plants U

Ulmus chuchuanus, Ypresian Klondike Mountain Formation

Plants V

Plants W

Plants Z

Poriferans

Annelids

Nematoids

Cnidarians

Cnidarians A-C

Cnidarians D-I

Cnidarians L-R

Cnidarians S-Z

Echinoderms

Brachiopods

Hemithiris psittacea
living specimen

Molluscs

Molluscs A

Molluscs B

Molluscs C

Molluscs D

Molluscs E

Molluscs F

A living Fusinus sea snail

Molluscs G

Molluscs H

Molluscs I

Molluscs K

Molluscs L

A living Lepidochitona chiton

Molluscs M

Molluscs N

Molluscs O

Five modern Ostrea lurida, or Olympic oysters

Molluscs P

Molluscs R

Molluscs S

Molluscs T

Molluscs U

Molluscs V

Molluscs W

Molluscs X

Molluscs Y

Arthropods

Arthropods A

Arthropods B

Arthropods C

Arthropods D

Arthropods E

Arthropods F

Arthropods G

Arthropods H

Arthropods I

Arthropods K

Arthropods L

Arthropods M

Metanephrocerus belgardeae
Klondike Mountain Formation
Ypresian, Republic
Mursia marcusana
Blakeley Formation
Oligocene, King County
Myrmeciites species
Klondike Mountain Formation
Ypresian, Republic

Arthropods N

Arthropods O

Okanagrion threadgillae

Arthropods P

Arthropods Q

Arthropods R

Fossilized carapace of the Paleogene-modern crab Ranina

Arthropods S

Arthropods T

Arthropods U

Arthropods W

Arthropods Y

Ypshna brownleei

Arthropods Z

"Fish"

Fossilized skeleton found in Republic belonging to the Eocene-Oligocene sucker fish Amyzon aggregatum
Eosalmo driftwoodensis
Klondike Mountain Formation
Ypresian Republic
Libotonius pearsoni
klondike Mountain Formation
Ypresian Republic

Birds

Tonsala hildegardae
Pysht Formation, Oligocene

Reptiles

Acherontemys heckmani holotype
A living Thamnophis, or garter snake

Mammals

Mammals A

Mammals B

Mammals C

Mammals D

Mammals E

Mammals F

Mammals H

Fossilized lower jaw of the Miocene-Pleistocene llama relative Hemiauchenia

Mammals K

Mammals L

A living Lynx

Mammals M

Life restorations of a Mammut americanum, or American mastodon (right), and a Mammuthus primigenius, or wooly mammoth (left)

Mammals N

Mammals O

Olympicetus thalassodon

Mammals P

Mammals R

Mammals S

Mammals T

Mammals W-Z

Notes

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Petersen, K. L.; Mehringer, P. J. Jr; Gustafson, C. E. (1983). "Late-glacial vegetation and climate at the Manis mastodon site, Olympic Peninsula, Washington". Quaternary Research. 20 (2): 215–231. Bibcode:1983QuRes..20..215P. doi:10.1016/0033-5894(83)90078-9. S2CID 129281439.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by Mann, A. (1926). "The fossil diatom deposit at Spokane. In: Flora of the Latah Formation of Spokane, Washington, and Coeur d'Alene, Idaho". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1925 (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 140. United States Geological Survey. pp. 51–55, plates XXX-XXXI. doi:10.3133/pp140A.
  3. ^ a b c LaMotte, R.S. (1952). Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950. Geological Society of America Memoirs. Vol. 51. Geological Society of America. doi:10.1130/MEM51.
  4. ^ a b c Miller, N. G. (1980). "Fossil mosses of North America and their significance". The Mosses of North America. pp. 9–36.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Knowlton, F.H. (1926). "Flora of the Latah Formation of Spokane, Washington, and Coeur d'Alene, Idaho". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1925 (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 140. United States Geological Survey. pp. 17–55, plates VIII-XXXI. doi:10.3133/pp140A.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h LaMotte, R.S. (1952). Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950. Geological Society of America Memoirs. Vol. 51. Geological Society of America. doi:10.1130/MEM51.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Pabst, M. B. (1968). "The flora of the Chuckanut Formation—the Equisitales. Filicales, and Coniferales". University of California Publications in Geological Sciences. 76 (85).
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an Wolfe, J.A. (1968), "Paleogene Biostratigraphy of Nonmarine Rocks in King County, Washington", United States Geological Survey Bulletin, 571: 1–29
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Dillhoff, R.M.; Dillhoff, T.A.; Jijina, A.P.; Strömberg, C.A.E. (2014). "The Vasa Park flora, King County, Washington, USA – a window into the late Miocene of the Pacific Northwest". In Stevens, W.D.; Montiel, O.M.; Raven, P.H. (eds.). Paleobotany and Biogrography, A Festschrift for Alan Graham in His 80th Year. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. pp. 64–97.
  10. ^ Arnold, C. A. (1955). "A Tertiary Azolla from British Columbia" (PDF). Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan. 12 (4): 37–45.
  11. ^ a b Wolfe, J.A. (1977). Paleogene floras from the Gulf of Alaska region (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 997. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–108. doi:10.3133/pp997.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i Wehr, W. "Middle Eocene insects and plants of the Okanogan Highlands". In Martin, J. (ed.). Contributions to the Paleontology and Geology of the West Coast. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press. pp. 99–109.
  13. ^ a b Pigg, K. B.; DeVore, M. L.; Greenwood, D. R.; Sundue, M. A.; Schwartsburd, P.; Basinger, J. F. (2021). "Fossil Dennstaedtiaceae and Hymenophyllaceae from the Early Eocene of the Pacific Northwest". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 182 (9): 793–807. doi:10.1086/715633. S2CID 239036762.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Brown, R. W. (1937). Additions to some fossil floras of the Western United States (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 186. United States Geological Survey. pp. 163–206. doi:10.3133/pp186J.
  15. ^ Joseph, N. L. (1988). "Important Eocene Flora and Fauna Unearthed at Republic, Washington". Rocks & Minerals. 63 (2): 146–151. Bibcode:1988RoMin..63..146J. doi:10.1080/00357529.1988.11761830.
  16. ^ a b NW palms
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Greenwood, D.R.; Archibald, S.B.; Mathewes, R.W; Moss, P.T. (2005). "Fossil biotas from the Okanagan Highlands, southern British Columbia and northeastern Washington State: climates and ecosystems across an Eocene landscape". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 42 (2): 167–185. Bibcode:2005CaJES..42..167G. doi:10.1139/e04-100.
  18. ^ a b Miller, C.N. jr. (1982). "Osmunda wehrii, a New Species Based on Petrified Rhizomes from the Miocene of Washington". American Journal of Botany. 69 (1): 116–121. doi:10.2307/2442836. JSTOR 2442836.
  19. ^ a b Greenwood, D.R.; Pigg, K.B.; Basinger, J.F.; DeVore, M.L. (2016). "A review of paleobotanical studies of the Early Eocene Okanagan (Okanogan) Highlands floras of British Columbia, Canada, and Washington, U.S.A." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 53 (6): 548–564. Bibcode:2016CaJES..53..548G. doi:10.1139/cjes-2015-0177. hdl:1807/71961.
  20. ^ Scott, R. A.; Barghoorn, E. S.; Prakash, U. (1962). "Wood of Ginkgo in the Tertiary of western North America". American Journal of Botany. 49 (10): 1095–1101. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1962.tb15052.x. JSTOR 2439157.
  21. ^ a b Mustoe, G.E. (2002). "Eocene Ginkgo leaf fossils from the Pacific Northwest". Canadian Journal of Botany. 80 (10): 1078–1087. doi:10.1139/b02-097.
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Dillhoff, R.M.; Leopold, E.B.; Manchester, S.R. (2005). "The McAbee flora of British Columbia and its relations to the Early-Middle Eocene Okanagan Highlands flora of the Pacific Northwest" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 42 (2): 151–166. Bibcode:2005CaJES..42..151D. doi:10.1139/e04-084.
  23. ^ Mathewes, R. W.; Greenwood, D. R.; Archibald, S. B. (2016). "Paleoenvironment of the Quilchena flora, British Columbia, during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 53 (6): 574–590. Bibcode:2016CaJES..53..574M. doi:10.1139/cjes-2015-0163. hdl:1807/71979.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Schorn, H. E.; Wehr, W. C. (1996). "The conifer flora from the Eocene uplands at Republic, Washington". Washington Geology. 24 (2): 22–24.
  25. ^ a b c "Conifers and Ginkgos". Burke Museum Paleobotany Project. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  26. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Wheeler, E.; Dillhoff, T. (2009). "The Middle Miocene Wood Flora of Vantage, Washington, USA". IAWA Journal. Supplement 7: 101.
  27. ^ LePage, B. A. (2007). "The taxonomy and biogeographic history of Glyptostrobus Endlicher (Cupressaceae)". Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 48 (2): 359–426. doi:10.3374/0079-032x(2007)48[359:ttabho]2.0.co;2. S2CID 128968431.
  28. ^ Chaney, R.W. (1951). "A revision of fossil Sequoia and Taxodium in western North America based on the recent discovery of Metasequoia". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 40 (3): 231.
  29. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Berry, E.W. (1929). A revision of the flora of the Latah formation (Report). Professional Paper. United States Geological Survey. pp. 225–265. doi:10.3133/pp154h. 154-H.
  30. ^ a b c Prakash, U. (1968). "Miocene fossil woods from the Columbia basalts of Central Washington, III". Palaeontographica Abteilung B. 122 (4–6): 183–200.
  31. ^ Kvaček, Z.; Manchester, S.; Schorn, H. (2000). "Cones, seeds, and foliage of Tetraclinis salicornioides (Cupressaceae) from the Oligocene and Miocene of western North America: a geographic extension of the European Tertiary species". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 161 (2): 331–344. doi:10.1086/314245. PMID 10777457. S2CID 3191378.
  32. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Chaney, R.; Axelrod, D. (1959). Miocene Floras of the Columbia Plateau: Part II. Systematic Considerations, by Ralph W. Chaney and Daniel I. Axelrod. Carnegie Institution of Washington. pp. 1–226.Miocene Floras of the Columbia Plateau at the HathiTrust Digital Library
  33. ^ Schorn, Howard; Wehr, Wesley (1986). "Abies milleri, sp. nov., from the Middle Eocene Klondike Mountain Formation, Republic, Ferry County, Washington". Burke Museum Contributions in Anthropology and Natural History (1): 1–7.
  34. ^ Brown, R. (1935). "Miocene leaves, fruits, and seeds from Idaho, Oregon, and Washington". Journal of Paleontology. 9: 572–587.
  35. ^ Gooch, N. L. (1992). "Two new species of Pseudolarix Gordon (Pinaceae) from the middle Eocene of the Pacific Northwest". PaleoBios. 14: 13–19.
  36. ^ a b Berry, E.W. (1932). "A Miocene flora from Grand Coulee, Washington". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1931 (Report). Professional Paper. United States Geological Survey. pp. 31–42. doi:10.3133/pp170C. 170-C.
  37. ^ Shi, G.; Zhou, Z.; Xie, Z. (2010). "A new Cephalotaxus and associated epiphyllous fungi from the Oligocene of Guangxi, South China". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 161 (3–4): 179–195. Bibcode:2010RPaPa.161..179S. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2010.04.002.
  38. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Prakash, U.; Barghoorn, E. S. (1961). "Miocene fossil woods from the Columbia Basalts of central Washington". Journal of the Arnold Arboretum. 42 (2): 165–203. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.19013.
  39. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Hoffman, A.D. (1932). "The Douglas Canyon flora of east central Washington". Journal of Geology. 40 (8): 735–738. Bibcode:1932JG.....40..735H. doi:10.1086/623995. S2CID 128889896.
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Wolfe, J.A.; Tanai, T. (1987). "Systematics, Phylogeny, and Distribution of Acer (maples) in the Cenozoic of Western North America". Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series 4, Geology and Mineralogy. 22 (1): 23, 74, 75, 240, & plate 4.
  41. ^ a b c d e Prakash, U.; Barghoorn, E. S. (1961). "Miocene fossil woods from the Columbia Basalts of central Washington, II". Journal of the Arnold Arboretum. 42 (3): 347–362. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.19013.
  42. ^ Harris, A. J.; Papes, M.; Gao, Y. D.; Watson, L. (2014). "Estimating paleoenvironments using ecological niche models of nearest living relatives: A case study of Eocene Aesculus L.". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 52 (1): 16–34. doi:10.1111/jse.12053. S2CID 83926177.
  43. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Wolfe, J.A.; Wehr, W.C. (1987). "Middle Eocene dicotyledonous plants from Republic, northeastern Washington". United States Geological Survey Bulletin. 1597: 1–25.
  44. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Wehr, W. C.; Hopkins, D. Q. (1994). "The Eocene orchards and gardens of Republic, Washington". Washington Geology. 22 (3): 27–34.
  45. ^ Wang, Q.; Manchester, S. R.; Gregor, H. J.; Shen, S.; Li, Z. Y. (2013). "Fruits of Koelreuteria (Sapindaceae) from the Cenozoic throughout the northern hemisphere: their ecological, evolutionary, and biogeographic implications". American Journal of Botany. 100 (2): 422–449. doi:10.3732/ajb.1200415. PMID 23360930.
  46. ^ Herendeen, P. S.; Dilcher, D. L. (1991). "Caesalpinia subgenus Mezoneuron (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) from the Tertiary of North America". American Journal of Botany. 78 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1991.tb12566.x. JSTOR 2445223.
  47. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Wehr, W.C. (1995). "Early Tertiary flowers, fruits and seeds of Washington State and adjacent areas". Washington Geology. 23 (3): 3–16.
  48. ^ a b c d Wehr, W.C. (1995). "Paleobotanical Significance of Eocene Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds from Republic, Washington". Washington Geology. 24 (2): 25–2.
  49. ^ a b c d e Pigg, K.B.; Manchester, S.R.; Wehr, W.C. (2003). "Corylus, Carpinus, and Palaeocarpinus (Betulaceae) from the Middle Eocene Klondike Mountain and Allenby Formations of Northwestern North America". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 164 (5): 807–822. doi:10.1086/376816. S2CID 19802370.
  50. ^ Manchester, S.R. (1987). "The fossil history of the Juglandaceae". Monographs in Systematic Botany. 21: 1–137.
  51. ^ a b c Radtke, M.G.; Pigg, K.B.; Wehr, W.C. (2005). "Fossil Corylopsis and Fothergilla Leaves (Hamamelidaceae) from the Lower Eocene Flora of Republic, Washington, U.S.A., and Their Evolutionary and Biogeographic Significance". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 166 (2): 347–356. doi:10.1086/427483. S2CID 20215269.
  52. ^ Manchester, S. R. (1991). "Cruciptera, a new Juglandaceous winged fruit from the Eocene and Oligocene of western North America". Systematic Botany. 16 (4): 715–725. doi:10.2307/2418873. JSTOR 2418873.
  53. ^ a b Müller-Stoll, W. R.; Mädel, E. (1967). "Die fossilen Leguminosen-Hölzer. Eine Revision der mit Leguminosen verglichenen fossilen Hölzer und Beschreibungen älterer und neuer Arten". Palaeontographica Abteilung B. 119 (4–6): 95–174.
  54. ^ Manchester, S.; Pigg, K. (2008). "The Eocene mystery flower of McAbee, British Columbia". Botany. 86 (9): 1034–1038. doi:10.1139/B08-044.
  55. ^ McClain, A. M.; Manchester, S. R. (2001). "Dipteronia (Sapindaceae) from the Tertiary of North America and implications for the phytogeographic history of the Aceroideae". American Journal of Botany. 88 (7): 1316–25. doi:10.2307/3558343. JSTOR 3558343. PMID 11454632.
  56. ^ Call, V.B.; Dilcher, D.L. (1997). "The fossil record of Eucommia (Eucommiaceae) in North America". American Journal of Botany. 84 (6): 798–814. doi:10.2307/2445816. JSTOR 2445816. PMID 21708632. S2CID 20464075.
  57. ^ a b c d Brown, R.W. (1946). "Alterations in some fossil and living floras". Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. 36 (10): 344–355.
  58. ^ Manchester, S. R.; Dillhoff, R. M. (2004). "Fagus (Fagaceae) fruits, foliage, and pollen from the Middle Eocene of Pacific Northwestern North America". Canadian Journal of Botany. 82 (10): 1509–1517. doi:10.1139/b04-112.
  59. ^ Manchester, S. R. (1992). "Flowers, fruits and pollen of Florissantia, an extinct malvalean genus from the Eocene and Oligocene of western North America". American Journal of Botany. 79 (9): 996–1008. doi:10.2307/2444909. JSTOR 2444909.
  60. ^ a b c DeVore, M. L.; Pigg, K. B. (2007). "A brief review of the fossil history of the family Rosaceae with a focus on the Eocene Okanogan Highlands of eastern Washington State, USA, and British Columbia, Canada". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 266 (1–2): 45–57. Bibcode:2007PSyEv.266...45D. doi:10.1007/s00606-007-0540-3. S2CID 10169419.
  61. ^ Wang, Q.; Manchester, S. R.; Gregor, H. J.; Shen, S.; Li, Z. Y. (2013). "Fruits of Koelreuteria (Sapindaceae) from the Cenozoic throughout the northern hemisphere: their ecological, evolutionary, and biogeographic implications". American Journal of Botany. 100 (2): 422–449. doi:10.3732/ajb.1200415. PMID 23360930. S2CID 23810529.
  62. ^ Huegele, I. B.; Manchester, S. R. (26 April 2022). "Newly Recognized Reproductive Structures Linked with Langeria from the Eocene of Washington, USA, and their Affinities with Platanaceae". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 183 (5): 000. doi:10.1086/720138. S2CID 247907696.
  63. ^ Pigg, K. B.; Ickert-Bond, S. M.; Wen, J. (2004). "Anatomically preserved Liquidambar (Altingiaceae) from the middle Miocene of Yakima Canyon, Washington state, USA, and its biogeographic implications". American Journal of Botany. 91 (3): 499–509. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.3.499. PMID 21653405.
  64. ^ Baghai, N.L. (1988). "Liriodendron (Magnoliaceae) from the Miocene Clarkia flora of Idaho". American Journal of Botany. 75 (4): 451–464. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1988.tb13463.x.
  65. ^ Burnham, R.J. (1994). Paleoecological and Floristic Heterogeneity in the Plant-Fossil Record - An Analysis Based on the Eocene of Washington (Report). Bulletin. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–36. doi:10.3133/b2085B. hdl:2027/mdp.39015095145341. 2085-B.
  66. ^ Manchester, S. R.; Crane, P. R.; Dilcher, D. L. (1991). "Nordenskioldia and Trochodendron fruits (Trochodendraceae) from the Miocene of northwestern North America". Botanical Gazette. 152: 357–368. doi:10.1086/337898. S2CID 84230472.
  67. ^ DeVore, ML; Taylor, W; Pigg, KB (2015). "Nuphar carlquistii sp. nov. (Nymphaeaceae): A Water Lily from the Latest Early Eocene, Republic, Washington". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 176 (4): 365–377. doi:10.1086/680482. S2CID 84149074.
  68. ^ a b c d Berry, E.W. (1931). "A Miocene flora from Grand Coulee, Washington". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1931 (Report). Professional Paper. United States Geological Survey. pp. 31–42. doi:10.3133/pp170C. 170-C.
  69. ^ a b Benedict, JC; DeVore, ML; Pigg, KB (2011). "Prunus and Oemleria (Rosaceae) Flowers from the Late Early Eocene Republic Flora of Northeastern Washington State, U.S.A.". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 172 (7): 948–958. doi:10.1086/660880. S2CID 39391439.
  70. ^ Bogner, J.; Johnson, K. R.; Kvacek, Z.; Upchurch, G. R. (2007). "New fossil leaves of Araceae from the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene of western North America" (PDF). Zitteliana. A (47): 133–147. ISSN 1612-412X.
  71. ^ Pigg, K. B.; Bryan, F. A.; DeVore, M. L. (2018). "Paleoallium billgenseli gen. et sp. nov.: Fossil Monocot Remains from the Latest Early Eocene Republic Flora, Northeastern Washington State, USA". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 179 (6): 477–486. doi:10.1086/697898. S2CID 91055581.
  72. ^ Burge, D.O.; Manchester, S.R. (2008). "Fruit morphology, fossil history, and biogeography of Paliurus (Rhamnaceae)". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 169 (8): 1066–1085. doi:10.1086/590453. S2CID 84886094.
  73. ^ Li, X.; Wang, H.; Leng, Q.; Xiao, L.; Guo, J.; He, W. (2014). "Paliurus (Paliureae, Rhamnaceae) from the Miocene of East China and its Macrofossil-based Phylogenetic and Phytogeographical History". Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition). 88 (5): 1364–1377. Bibcode:2014AcGlS..88.1364L. doi:10.1111/1755-6724.12304. S2CID 129463506.
  74. ^ Manchester, S. R.; Kvaček, Z.; Judd, W. S. (2020). "Morphology, anatomy, phylogenetics and distribution of fossil and extant Trochodendraceae in the Northern Hemisphere". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 195 (3): 467–484. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boaa046.
  75. ^ a b c Manchester, S.; Pigg, K. B.; Kvaček, Z; DeVore, M. L.; Dillhoff, R. M. (2018). "Newly recognized diversity in Trochodendraceae from the Eocene of western North America". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 179 (8): 663–676. doi:10.1086/699282. S2CID 92201595.
  76. ^ a b c Pigg, K.; Wehr, W.C. (2002). "Early Tertiary flowers, fruits and seeds of Washington State and adjacent areas Part-III". Washington Geology. 30 (3–4): 3–16.
  77. ^ Huegele, I.B.; Spielbauer, R.J.; Manchester, S.R. (2020). "Morphology and systematic affinities of Platanus dissecta Lesquereux (Platanaceae) from the Miocene of western North America". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 181 (3): 324–341. doi:10.1086/706453. S2CID 208566485.
  78. ^ Huegele, I.B.; Zhu, H.; Zhao, B.; Wang, Y.-F.; Manchester, S. R. (2021). "Trans-Beringial Distribution of Platimeliphyllum (Platanaceae) in the Eocene of Eastern Asia and Western North America". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 183 (2): 139–153. doi:10.1086/717692. S2CID 239529168.
  79. ^ Kvaček, Z.; Dašková, J.; Zetter, R. (2004). "A re-examination of Cenozoic Polypodium in North America". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 128 (3–4): 219–227. Bibcode:2004RPaPa.128..219K. doi:10.1016/s0034-6667(03)00134-9.
  80. ^ Smith, M. A.; Greenwalt, D. E.; Manchester, S. R. (2023). "Diverse fruits and seeds of the mid-Eocene Kishenehn Formation, northwestern Montana, USA, and their implications for biogeography" (PDF). Fossil Imprint. 79 (1): 37–88. doi:10.37520/fi.2023.004. S2CID 265087120.
  81. ^ Manchester, S.R. (1994). "Fruits and Seeds of the Middle Eocene Nut Beds Flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon". Palaeontographica Americana. 58: 30–31.
  82. ^ Borgardt, S. J.; Pigg, K. B. (1999). "Anatomical and developmental study of petrified Quercus (Fagaceae) fruits from the Middle Miocene, Yakima Canyon, Washington, USA". American Journal of Botany. 86 (3): 307–325. doi:10.2307/2656753. JSTOR 2656753. PMID 10077494.
  83. ^ a b c d Flynn, S.; DeVore, M. L.; Pigg, K. B. (2019). "Morphological Features of Sumac Leaves (Rhus, Anacardiaceae), from the Latest Early Eocene Flora of Republic, Washington". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 180 (6): 464–478. doi:10.1086/703526. S2CID 198244783.
  84. ^ a b c Blokhina, N. I. (2007). "Fossil wood of the Juglandaceae: Some questions of taxonomy, evolution, and phylogeny in the family based on wood anatomy" (PDF). Paleontological Journal. 41 (11): 1040–1053. Bibcode:2007PalJ...41.1040B. doi:10.1134/s0031030107110032. S2CID 86299157.
  85. ^ a b Pigg, K. B.; DeVore, M. L. (2005). "Shirleya grahamae gen. et sp. nov.(Lythraceae), Lagerstroemia-like fruits from the middle Miocene Yakima Canyon flora, central Washington State, USA". American Journal of Botany. 92 (2): 242–251. doi:10.3732/ajb.92.2.242. PMID 21652401.
  86. ^ Soomro, N.; Arain, B. A.; Rajput, M. T. M. (2016). "Albizzioxylon chinjiensis sp. nov., a new fossil species of the family Leguminosae from Chinji formation salt range, Punjab Pakistan". International Journal. 11 (28): 2838–2843.
  87. ^ Pigg, K.B.; Wehr, W.C.; Ickert-Bond, S.M. (2001). "Trochodendron and Nordenskioldia (Trochodendraceae) from the Middle Eocene of Washington State, U.S.A". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 162 (5): 1187–1198. doi:10.1086/321927. S2CID 45399415.
  88. ^ a b Denk, T.; Dillhoff, R.M. (2005). "Ulmus leaves and fruits from the Early-Middle Eocene of northwestern North America: systematics and implications for character evolution within Ulmaceae" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Botany. 83 (12): 1663–1681. doi:10.1139/b05-122. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-09. Retrieved 2018-06-05.
  89. ^ a b c d Pigg, K.B. (2001). "Anatomically preserved Woodwardia virginica (Blechnaceae) and a new Filicalean fern from the Middle Miocene Yakima Canyon Flora of central Washington, USA". American Journal of Botany. 88 (5): 777–787. doi:10.2307/2657030. JSTOR 2657030. PMID 11353703.
  90. ^ a b c d e f Mustoe, G.E. (2022). "Invertebrate trace fossils from Paleogene fluvial strata in Western Washington, USA". Ichnos. 29 (3–4): 148–165. Bibcode:2022Ichno..29..148M. doi:10.1080/10420940.2023.2182295. S2CID 257251180.
  91. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu Nesbitt, E. (1998). "Marine fauna of the middle Eocene Tukwila Formation, King County". Washington Geology. 26 (1): 13–19.
  92. ^ a b Goedert, J.; Squires, R.; Barnes, L. (1995). "Paleoecology of whale-fall habitats from deep-water Oligocene rocks, Olympic Peninsula, Washington State". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 118 (1–2): 151–158. Bibcode:1995PPP...118..151G. doi:10.1016/0031-0182(94)00139-Y. hdl:10211.3/195768.
  93. ^ a b Mayr, G.; Goedert, J. (2017). "Oligocene and Miocene albatross fossils from Washington State (USA) and the evolutionary history of North Pacific Diomedeidae". The Auk. 134 (3): 659–671. doi:10.1642/AUK-17-32.1. S2CID 89636332.
  94. ^ a b c d e Goedert, J.L.; Guthrie, L. S.; Kiel, S. (2022). "Octocorals (Alcyonacea and Pennatulacea) from Paleogene deep-water strata in western Washington State, USA". Journal of Paleontology. 96 (3): 539–551. Bibcode:2022JPal...96..539G. doi:10.1017/jpa.2022.5.
  95. ^ Moore, E.J. (1984). "Molluscan paleontology and biostratigraphy of the Lower Miocene upper part of the Lincoln Creek Formation in southwestern Washington". Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. 351: 1–42.
  96. ^ a b c d e f g Kiel, s.; Goedert, J. (2007). "New mollusks associated with biogenic substrates in Cenozoic deep?water sediments of Washington State". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 52 (1): 41–52.
  97. ^ Kiel, S. (2008). "An unusual new gastropod from an Eocene hydrocarbon seep in Washington state". Journal of Paleontology. 82 (1): 188–191. Bibcode:2008JPal...82..188K. doi:10.1666/06-029.1. S2CID 131151474.
  98. ^ a b c d e Weaver, C. E. (1942). "Paleontology of the Marine Tertiary formations of Oregon and Washington". University of Washington Publications in Geology. 5: 1–789.
  99. ^ Moore, E. (2003). Tertiary marine pelecypods of California and Baja California: Crassatellidae through Pharidae (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 1228. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–107.
  100. ^ a b Addicott, W.O. (1976). Molluscan paleontology of the lower Miocene Clallam Formation, northwestern Washington. United States Geological Survey (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 976. pp. 1–44.
  101. ^ a b c Durham, J. W. (1944). "Megafaunal zones of the Oligocene of northwestern Washington". University of California Publications in Geological Sciences. 27: 101–212.
  102. ^ Weaver, C. E.; Palmer, K. (1922). "Fauna from the Eocene of Washington". University of Washington Publications in Geology. 1 (3): 1–56.
  103. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Cong, S.G.; Ashworth, A.C. (1996). "Palaeoenvironmental interpretation of Middle and Late Wisconsinan fossil coleopteran assemblages from western Olympic Peninsula, Washington, USA". Journal of Quaternary Science. 11 (5): 345–356. Bibcode:1996JQS....11..345C. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1417(199609/10)11:5<345::AID-JQS259>3.0.CO;2-A.
  104. ^ Vladimir N. Makarkin; S. Bruce Archibald (2013). "A Diverse New Assemblage of Green Lacewings (Insecta, Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) from the Early Eocene Okanagan Highlands, Western North America". Journal of Paleontology. 87 (1): 123–146. Bibcode:2013JPal...87..123M. doi:10.1666/12-052R.1. S2CID 130797848.
  105. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Ashworth, A.C.; Nelson, R.E. (2014). "The paleoenvironment of the Olympia beds based on fossil beetles from Discovery Park, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.". Quaternary International. 341: 243–254. Bibcode:2014QuInt.341..243A. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2013.09.022.
  106. ^ Makarkin, V.; Archibald, S.B. (2014). "An unusual new fossil genus probably belonging to the Psychopsidae (Neuroptera) from the Eocene Okanagan Highlands, western North America" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3838 (3): 385–391. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.692.1185. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3838.3.8. PMID 25081783.
  107. ^ Vladimir N. Makarkin & S. Bruce Archibald (2009). "A new genus and first Cenozoic fossil record of moth lacewings (Neuroptera: Ithonidae) from the Early Eocene of North America" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2063: 55–63. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2063.1.3. S2CID 13922025.
  108. ^ a b c Lewis, S.E. (1969). "Fossil insects of the Latah Formation (Miocene) of eastern Washington and northern Idaho". Northwest Science. 43: 99–115.
  109. ^ a b c Archibald, S. B.; Cannings, R. A. (2019). "Fossil dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera) from the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands, western North America". The Canadian Entomologist. 151 (6): 783–816. doi:10.4039/tce.2019.61.
  110. ^ a b c Lewis, S.E. (1992). "Insects of the Klondike Mountain Formation, Republic, Washington". Washington Geology. 20 (3): 15–19.
  111. ^ a b c d e Fraaije, R. H.; van Bakel, B. W.; Jagt, J. W.; Coole, Y. (2006). "Two new Paleogene species of mud shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda, Upogebiidae) from Europe and North America". Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum. 33: 77–85.
  112. ^ a b c d Archibald, S.B. (2005). "New Dinopanorpidae (Insecta: Mecoptera) from the Eocene Okanagan Highlands (British Columbia, Canada and Washington State, USA)". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 42 (2): 119–136. Bibcode:2005CaJES..42..119A. doi:10.1139/e04-073. S2CID 55513480.
  113. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Archibald, S. B.; Cannings, R. A.; Erickson, R. J.; Bybee, S. M.; Mathewes, R. W. (2021). "The Cephalozygoptera, a new, extinct suborder of Odonata with new taxa from the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands, western North America". Zootaxa. 4934 (1): zootaxa.4934.1.1. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4934.1.1. PMID 33756770.
  114. ^ Andrei A. Legalov (2013). "New and little known weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from the Paleogene and Neogene". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 25 (1): 59–80. Bibcode:2013HBio...25...59L. doi:10.1080/08912963.2012.692681. S2CID 86584002.
  115. ^ Archibald, SB; Bradler, S (2015). "Stem-group stick insects (Phasmatodea) in the early Eocene at McAbee, British Columbia, Canada, and Republic, Washington, United States of America". The Canadian Entomologist. 147 (6): 744. doi:10.4039/tce.2015.2. S2CID 86608533.
  116. ^ Archibald, S. B.; Rasnitsyn, A. P.; Brothers, D. J.; Mathewes, R. W. (2018). "Modernisation of the Hymenoptera: ants, bees, wasps, and sawflies of the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands of western North America". The Canadian Entomologist. 150 (2): 205–257. doi:10.4039/tce.2017.59. ISSN 0008-347X. S2CID 90017208.
  117. ^ Archibald, S. B.; Rasnitsyn, A. P. (2022). "The early Eocene Eourocerus anguliterreus gen. et sp. nov (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) from Republic, Washington". Zootaxa. 5105 (2): 289–295. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5105.2.8. PMID 35391300. S2CID 247240762.
  118. ^ Legalov, A. A. (2015). "Fossil Mesozoic and Cenozoic weevils (Coleoptera, Obrienioidea, Curculionoidea)". Paleontological Journal. 49 (13): 1442–1513. Bibcode:2015PalJ...49.1442L. doi:10.1134/S0031030115130067. S2CID 87912009.
  119. ^ Dlussky, G. M.; Rasnitsyn, A. P. (2003). "Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Formation Green River and some other Middle Eocene deposits of North America". Russian Entomological Journal. 11 (4): 411–436.
  120. ^ a b c Archibald, S. B.; Rasnitsyn, A. P. (2023). "Cimbicidae (Hymenoptera, "Symphyta") in the Paleogene: revision, the new subfamily Cenocimbicinae, and new taxa from the Eocene Okanagan Highlands". Zootaxa. 5278 (1): 1–38. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.1. PMID 37518298. S2CID 258492775.
  121. ^ Archibald, S. B.; Makarkin, V. N. (2021). "Early Eocene snakeflies (Raphidioptera) of western North America from the Okanagan Highlands and Green River Formation". Zootaxa. 4951 (1): 41–79. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4951.1.2. PMID 33903413. S2CID 233411745.
  122. ^ a b c Schweitzer, C. E.; Iturralde-Vinent, M.; Hetler, J. L.; Velez-Juarbe, J. (2006). "Oligocene and Miocene decapods (Thalassinidea and Brachyura) from the Caribbean". Annals of Carnegie Museum. 75 (2): 111–136. doi:10.2992/0097-4463(2006)75[111:oamdta]2.0.co;2. S2CID 53496359.
  123. ^ Ross E. Berglund & James L. Goedert (1996). "A new crab (Brachyura: Cancridae) from Lower Miocene rocks of the Northwestern Olympic Peninsula, Washington". Journal of Paleontology. 70 (5): 830–835. Bibcode:1996JPal...70..830B. doi:10.1017/S0022336000023866. JSTOR 1306484. S2CID 132189245.
  124. ^ Archibald, SB; Kehlmaier, C; Mathewes, RW (2014). "Early Eocene big headed flies (Diptera: Pipunculidae) from the Okanagan Highlands, western North America". The Canadian Entomologist. 146 (4): 429–443. doi:10.4039/tce.2013.79. S2CID 55738600.
  125. ^ a b Nyborg, T.; Garassino, A. (2015). "New fossil squat lobsters (Crustacea: Anomura: Munididae) from the Eastern Pacific". Palaeodiversity. 8: 95–101.
  126. ^ Archibald, S.B.; Cover, S. P.; Moreau, C. S. (2006). "Bulldog Ants of the Eocene Okanagan Highlands and History of the Subfamily (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmeciinae)" (PDF). Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 99 (3): 487–523. doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2006)99[487:BAOTEO]2.0.CO;2.
  127. ^ Sinitchenkova, N. D. (1999). "A new mayfly species of the extant genus Neoephemera from the Eocene of North America (Insecta: Ephemerida=Ephemeroptera)" (PDF). Paleontological Journal. 33 (4): 403–405. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-30.
  128. ^ Archibald, S. B.; Makarkin, V. N.; Ansorge, J. (2009). "New fossil species of Nymphidae (Neuroptera) from the Eocene of North America and Europe" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2157: 59–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2157.1.4. S2CID 9304328.
  129. ^ Perfilieva, K. S.; Dubovikoff, D. A.; Dlussky, G. M. (2017). "Miocene ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Crimea". Paleontological Journal. 51 (4): 391–401. Bibcode:2017PalJ...51..391P. doi:10.1134/s0031030117040098. S2CID 90536477.
  130. ^ a b c d e Nyborg, T.; Garassino, A.; Nyborg, B. (2023). "A new fossil frog crab (Brachyura, Lyreididae) from the Eocene of northeastern Pacific". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 307 (1): 29–39. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2023/1110. S2CID 256754390.
  131. ^ Makarkin, V.N.; Archibald, S.B.; Mathewes, R.W. (2021). "New Protosmylinae (Neuroptera: Osmylidae) from the early Eocene of western North America, with taxonomic remarks". Zootaxa. 4980 (1): 142–156. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.9. PMID 34186986. S2CID 235685548.
  132. ^ Karasawa, H.; Fudouji, Y. (2018). "Two new species of hermit crabs (Decapoda: Anomura) from the Paleogene Kishima Group, Saga Prefecture, Japan". Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum. 44: 23–28.
  133. ^ a b c d e Archibald, S.B.; Makarkin V.N. (2006). "Tertiary Giant Lacewings (Neuroptera: Polystechotidae): Revision and Description of New Taxa From Western North America and Denmark". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 4 (2): 119–155. Bibcode:2006JSPal...4..119A. doi:10.1017/S1477201906001817. S2CID 55970660. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved January 27, 2010.
  134. ^ Vladimir N. Makarkin; Sonja Wedmann; Thomas Weiterschan (2016). "A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus-like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family". Zootaxa. 4179 (3): 345–370. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4179.3.2. PMID 27811679. S2CID 27743454.
  135. ^ Dlussky, G. M.; Rasnitsyn, A. P. (1999). "Two new species of aculeate hymenopterans (Vespida=Hymenoptera) from the Middle Eocene of the United States". Paleontological Journal. 33: 546–549.
  136. ^ Archibald, S. B.; Cannings, R. A. (2021). "A new genus and species of Euphaeidae (Odonata, Zygoptera) from the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands locality at Republic, Washington, U.S.A.". Zootaxa. 4966 (3): 392–400. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4966.3.11. PMID 34186607. S2CID 235557114.
  137. ^ Archibald, S. B.; Gu, J.-J.; Mathewes, R. W. (2022). "The Palaeorehniidae (Orthoptera, Ensifera, "Zeuneropterinae"), and new taxa from the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands, western North America". Zootaxa. 5100 (4): 559–572. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5100.4.6. PMID 35391059. S2CID 247046978.
  138. ^ Snyder, T.E. (1949). "A new Miocene Ulmeriella (fossil Isoptera, Hodotermitidae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 51 (4): 164–165.
  139. ^ a b Archibald, S.B.; Rasnitsyn, A.P. (2015). "New early Eocene Siricomorpha (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Pamphiliidae, Siricidae, Cephidae) from the Okanagan Highlands, western North America". The Canadian Entomologist. 148 (2): 209–228. doi:10.4039/tce.2015.55. S2CID 85743832.
  140. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Smith, G. R.; Morgan, N.; Gustafson, E. (2000). Fishes of the Mio-Pliocene Ringold Formation, Washington: Pliocene capture of the Snake River by the Columbia River (PDF) (Report). Papers on Paleontology. Vol. 32. Museum of Paleontology, The University of Michigan. pp. 1–47.
  141. ^ a b c d e Wilson, MVH (1977). "Middle Eocene freshwater fishes from British Columbia". Life Sciences Contributions, Royal Ontario Museum. 113: 1–66.
  142. ^ Peckmann, J.; Goedert, J.; Thiel, V.; Michaelis, W.; Reitners, J. (2002). "A comprehensive approach to the study of methane-seep deposits from the Lincoln Creek Formation, western Washington State, USA". Sedimentology. 49 (4): 855–873. Bibcode:2002Sedim..49..855P. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3091.2002.00474.x. S2CID 129510183.
  143. ^ Bigelow, P. (1994). "Occurrence of a squaloid shark (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes) with the pinniped Allodesmus from the Upper Miocene of Washington". Journal of Paleontology. 68 (3): 680–684. Bibcode:1994JPal...68..680B. doi:10.1017/S0022336000026032. S2CID 131209899.
  144. ^ Hilton, E. J.; Grande, L. (2008). "Fossil Mooneyes (Teleostei: Hiodontiformes, Hiodontidae) from the Eocene of western North America, with a reassessment of their taxonomy". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 295 (1): 221–251. Bibcode:2008GSLSP.295..221H. doi:10.1144/sp295.13. S2CID 128680041.
  145. ^ Wilson, M. V. H. (1979). "A Second Species of Libotonius (Pisces: Percopsidae) from the Eocene of Washington State". Copeia. 1979 (3): 400–405. doi:10.2307/1443214. JSTOR 1443214.
  146. ^ Stringer, G. L.; Welton, B. J. (2024). "The enigmatic occurrence, size distribution, and significance of a new macrourid species, Nezumia armentrouti, based on otoliths from the Lincoln Creek Formation (upper Oligocene Section), Washington State, USA". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology: 1–17. doi:10.1080/08912963.2024.2310199.
  147. ^ a b David, L. (1956). "Tertiary Anacanthin Fishes from California and the Pacific Northwest; Their Paleoecological Significance". Journal of Paleontology. 30 (30): 568–607.
  148. ^ Squires, R.L.; Goedert, J.L. (1994). "Macropaleontology of the Eocene Crescent Formation in the Little River Area, Southern Olympic Peninsula, Washington". Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County). 444: 1–32.
  149. ^ a b Mustoe, G.E. (2023). "The First Discovery of a Fish Fossil (Phareodus s p.) from Paleogene Fluvial Deposits in Western Washington State, USA". Geosciences. 13 (9): 255. Bibcode:2023Geosc..13..255M. doi:10.3390/geosciences13090255.
  150. ^ a b Welton, B.; Goedert, J. (2016). "New fossil species of Somniosus and Rhinoscymnus (Squaliformes: Somniosidae), deep water sharks from Oligocene rocks of Western Washington State, USA". Fossil Record. 5: 309–326.
  151. ^ a b c Mustoe, G.E. (2002). "Eocene bird, reptile, and mammal tracks from the Chuckanut Formation, northwest Washington" (PDF). PALAIOS. 17 (4): 403–413. Bibcode:2002Palai..17..403M. doi:10.1669/0883-1351(2002)017<0403:EBRAMT>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 128743331.
  152. ^ a b c Mayr, G.; Goedert, J. (2016). "New Late Eocene and Oligocene Remains of the Flightless, Penguin-Like Plotopterids (Aves, Plotopteridae) from Western Washington State, U.S.A.". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (4): e1163573. Bibcode:2016JVPal..36E3573M. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1163573. S2CID 88129671.
  153. ^ Mayr, G.; Goedert, J. (2021). "New late Eocene and Oligocene plotopterid fossils from Washington State (USA), with a revision of "Tonsala" buchanani (Aves, Plotopteridae)". Journal of Paleontology. 96: 224–236. doi:10.1017/jpa.2021.81. S2CID 240582610.
  154. ^ Dyke, G.; Wang, Wang; Habib, M. (2011). "Fossil Plotopterid Seabirds from the Eo-Oligocene of the Olympic Peninsula (Washington State, USA): Descriptions and Functional Morphology". PLOS ONE. 6 (10): e25672. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...625672D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025672. PMC 3204969. PMID 22065992.
  155. ^ Mayr, G. (2015). "A new Paleogene procellariiform bird from western North America". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 275 (1): 11–17. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2015/0445.
  156. ^ Patterson, J; Lockley, M. G. (2004). "A probable Diatryma track from the Eocene of Washington: an intriguing case of controversy and skepticism". Ichnos. 11 (3–4): 341–347. Bibcode:2004Ichno..11..341P. doi:10.1080/10420940490442278.
  157. ^ Mustoe, G. E.; Tucker, D. S.; Kemplin, K. L. (2012). "Giant Eocene bird footprints from northwest Washington, USA". Palaeontology. 55 (6): 1293–1305. Bibcode:2012Palgy..55.1293M. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01195.x.
  158. ^ Olson, S. (1980). "A new genus of penguin-like pelecaniform bird from the Oligocene of Washington (Pelecaniformes: Plotopteridae)". Contributions in Science. 330: 51–57. doi:10.5962/p.208144. S2CID 4803730.
  159. ^ Hay, O. P. (1899). "Descriptions of two new species of tortoise from the Tertiary of the United States". Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum. 22 (1181): 21–24. doi:10.5479/si.00963801.22-1181.21.
  160. ^ a b Mustoe, G.E. (2019). "Lower Eocene footprints from northwest Washington, USA. Part 1: Reptile tracks". Geosciences. 9 (321): 1–19. Bibcode:2019Geosc...9..321M. doi:10.3390/geosciences9070321.
  161. ^ a b c Parmley, D.; Walker, D. (2003). "Snakes of the Pliocene Taunton local fauna of Adams County, Washington with the description of a new colubrid". Journal of Herpetology. 37 (2): 235–244. doi:10.1670/0022-1511(2003)037[0235:SOTPTL]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86000331.
  162. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Martin, J. E.; Mallory, V. S. (2011). "Vertebrate paleontology of the late Miocene (Hemphillian) Wilbur Locality of central Washington". Paludicola. 8 (3): 155–185.
  163. ^ Boessenecker, R.; Churchill, M. (2018). "The last of the desmatophocid seals: a new species of Allodesmus from the upper Miocene of Washington, USA, and a revision of the taxonomy of Desmatophocidae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 184 (1): 211–235. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx098.
  164. ^ a b c d Gustafson, E.P. (1978). "The Vertebrate Faunas of the Pliocene Ringold Formation, South-Central Washington". Bulletin of the Museum of Natural History, University of Oregon. 23: 1–62.
  165. ^ Wilson, M. C.; Kenady, S. M.; Schalk, R. F. (2009). "Late Pleistocene Bison antiquus from Orcas Island, Washington, and the biogeographic importance of an early postglacial land mammal dispersal corridor from the mainland to Vancouver Island". Quaternary Research. 71 (1): 49–61. Bibcode:2009QuRes..71...49W. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2008.09.001. S2CID 129543840.
  166. ^ B. K. Shipps; Carlos Mauricio Peredo; Nicholas D. Pyenson (2019). "Borealodon osedax, a new stem mysticete (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Oligocene of Washington State and its implications for fossil whale-fall communities". Royal Society Open Science. 6 (7): Article ID 182168. Bibcode:2019RSOS....682168S. doi:10.1098/rsos.182168. PMC 6689636. PMID 31417706.
  167. ^ Emery-Wetherell, M.; Schilter, J. (2020). "A new early occurrence of Cervidae in North America from the Miocene-Pliocene Ellensburg Formation in Washington, USA". Palaeontologia Electronica. 23 (a08).
  168. ^ Fry, W.; Gustafson, E. (1974). "Cervids from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Central Washington". Journal of Paleontology. 48 (2).
  169. ^ Chappell, W.; Durham, J.; Savage, D. (1951). "Mold of a rhinoceros in basalt, Lower Grand Coulee, Washington". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 62 (8): 907–918. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1951)62[907:MOARIB]2.0.CO;2.
  170. ^ Tsai, Cheng-Hsiu; Goedert, James L.; Boessenecker, Robert W. (March 2024). "The oldest mysticete in the Northern Hemisphere". Current Biology. 34 (8): 1794–1800.e3. Bibcode:2024CBio...34.1794T. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.011. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 38552627.
  171. ^ Barnes, L.G.; Goedert, J.L. (2001). "Stratigraphy and paleoecology of Oligocene and Miocene desmostylian occurrences in western Washington State, USA". Bulletin of Ashoro Museum of Paleontology. 2: 7–22.
  172. ^ Martin, J.E.; Pagnac, D.C. (2009). "A Vertebrate Assemblage From the Miocene Rattlesnake Ridge Member of the Ellensburg Formation, Central Washington.". In Albright, L. B. (ed.). Papers on Geology, Vertebrate Paleontology, and Biostratigraphy in Honor of Michael O. Woodburne (Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 65). pp. 197–216.
  173. ^ Rick, T.; DeLong, R.; Erlandson, J.; Braje, T.; Jones, T.; Arnold, J.; Des Lauriers, M.; Hildebrandt, W.; Kennett, D.; Vellanoweth, R.; Wake, T. (2011). "Where were the northern elephant seals? Holocene archaeology and biogeography of Mirounga angustirostris". The Holocene. 21 (7): 1159–1166. Bibcode:2011Holoc..21.1159R. doi:10.1177/0959683611400463. S2CID 129322617.
  174. ^ Vélez-Juarbe, J. (2017). "A new stem odontocete from the late Oligocene Pysht Formation in Washington State, U.S.A.". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 37 (5): e1366916. Bibcode:2017JVPal..37E6916V. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1366916. S2CID 90151706.
  175. ^ Velez-Juarbe, J. (2023). "New heterodont odontocetes from the Oligocene Pysht Formation in Washington State, U.S.A., and a reevaluation of Simocetidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti)". PeerJ. 11: e15576. doi:10.7717/peerj.15576. PMC 10292202. PMID 37377790.
  176. ^ Peredo, C.; Pyenson, N. (2018). "Salishicetus meadi, a new aetiocetid from the late Oligocene of Washington State and implications for feeding transitions in early mysticete evolution". Royal Society Open Science. 5 (4): 172336. Bibcode:2018RSOS....572336P. doi:10.1098/rsos.172336. PMC 5936946. PMID 29765681.
  177. ^ a b Morgan, J. K.; Morgan, N. H. (1995). "A New Species of Capromeryx (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) from the Taunton Local Fauna of Washington, and the Correlation with Other Blancan Faunas of Washington and Idaho". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 15 (1): 160–170. Bibcode:1995JVPal..15..160M. doi:10.1080/02724634.1995.10011215.
  178. ^ Peredo, C.; Uhen, M.; Nelson, M. (2018). "A new kentriodontid (Cetacea: Odontoceti) from the early Miocene Astoria Formation and a revision of the stem delphinidan family Kentriodontidae". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 38 (2): e1411357. Bibcode:2018JVPal..38E1357P. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1411357. S2CID 89965454.
  179. ^ Kimura, T; Barnes, L. (2016). "New Miocene fossil Allodelphinidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Platanistoidea) from the North Pacific Ocean". Bulletin of the Gunma Museum of Natural History. 20: 1–58.

Uncited entries

Quelle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:List_of_the_Cenozoic_life_of_Washington_(state)