Sunda crow
| Sunda crow | |
|---|---|
| |
| Near Tomohon, Indonesia | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Corvidae |
| Genus: | Corvus |
| Species: | C. enca |
| Binomial name | |
| Corvus enca | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
The Sunda crow (Corvus enca), formerly known as the slender-billed crow, is a passerine bird of the family Corvidae, in the genus Corvus. It is found from Malaysia to Borneo. The violet crow has been shown to be distinct genetically and separated as Corvus violaceus.[3] The small crow has been split as Corvus samarensis and the Palawan crow has also been split as Corvus pusillus.[4]
Taxonomy
The Sunda crow was formally described in 1821 by the American naturalist Thomas Horsfield based on a specimen collected on the Indonesian island of Java. He coined the binomial name Fregilus enca.[5][6] The specific epithet enca is a Javanese word for a crow.[7]
Two subspecies are recognised:[8]
- C. e. compilator Richmond, 1903 – Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, west Sumatran islands and Borneo
- C. e. enca (Horsfield, 1821) – Java and Bali
Former subspecies now treated as separate species:[8]
- Sulawesi crow (Corvus celebensis)
- Samar crow (Corvus samarensis)
- Sierra Madre crow (Corvus sierramadrensis)
- Palawan crow (Corvus pusillus)
Habitat and diet
It is found throughout Maritime Southeast Asia (Brunei, Indonesia and the Philippines) and Peninsular Malaysia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical mangrove forest. It eats fish and shrimp.[9]
References
- ^ BirdLife International. (2017) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Corvus enca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T103727499A118785292. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T103727499A118785292.en. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
- ^ Horsfield, 1821. Fregilus Enca (protonym). Trans. Linn. Soc. London, (1), 13, p. 164. BHL
- ^ Jønsson, Knud A.; Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Irestedt, Martin (2012). "Brains, tools, innovation and biogeography in crows and ravens". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12: 72. Bibcode:2012BMCEE..12...72J. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-72. PMC 3480872. PMID 22642364.
- ^ "Species Updates – IOC World Bird List". Retrieved 2021-05-29.
- ^ Horsfield, Thomas (1821). "Systematic arrangement and description of birds from the island of Java". Transactions of the Linnean Society. 13 (1): 133–200 [164].
- ^ Mayr, Ernst; Greenway, James C. Jr, eds. (1962). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 15. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 264.
- ^ Jobling, James A. "enca". The Key to Scientific Names. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 7 September 2024.
- ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Crows, mudnesters, birds-of-paradise". IOC World Bird List Version 14.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 15 September 2024.
- ^ Eddy, S.; Mutiara, D.; Mediswati, R.Y.T.; Rahman, R.G.; Milantara, N.; Basyuni, M. (2021). "Short communication: Diversity of bird species in Air Telang Protected Forest, South Sumatra, Indonesia". Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 22 (12). doi:10.13057/biodiv/d221206.