Canon de 194 mm Modèle 1902 gun

Canon de 194 mm Modèle 1902
Canon de 194 mm Modèle 1902
	A Canon de 194 mm Modèle 1902 on a center pivot mount
Type	Naval gun; Coastal artillery
Place of origin	France
Service history
In service	1902—1945
Used by	France
Wars	World War I; World War II
Production history
Designed	1902
Specifications
Mass	15 t (17 short tons)
Length	10.1 meters (33 ft)
Barrel length	9.7 meters (32 ft) 50 caliber
Shell	separate-loading, bagged charge
Shell weight	89.5 kg (197 lb)
Caliber	194 mm (7.6 in)
Elevation	-6° to +15°
Traverse	Turrets: -150° to +150°; Casemates: -80 to +80°
Rate of fire	2 rpm
Muzzle velocity	940 m/s (3,100 ft/s)
Maximum firing range	26 km (16 mi) at 45°

The Canon de 194 mm Modèle 1902 was a medium-caliber naval gun used as the primary or secondary armament in both casemates and turrets of a number of French pre-dreadnoughts and armored cruisers during World War I. After World War I these ships were scrapped and some were later reused as coastal artillery in World War II

Naval service

Ship classes that carried the Canon de 194 mm Modèle 1902 include:

Edgar Quinet-class cruisers - The two ships of this class were armed with fourteen guns. Four were in twin turrets forward and aft, three were in single gun turrets on each side. The last four guns were mounted in casemates amidships.
Cruiser Ernest Renan - The primary armament of this ship consisted of four guns mounted in twin turrets fore and aft.^[2]
Cruiser Jules Michelet - The primary armament of this ship consisted of four guns mounted in twin turrets fore and aft.
Liberté-class - The secondary armament of this class consisted of ten guns. Three were mounted in single turrets on each side of the ship and four were in casemates amidships.^[3]

^ Campbell, Naval Weapons of WWII, p.292.
^ DiGiulian, Tony. "France 194 mm/50 (7.64") Models 1887, 1891, 1893 and 1902 - NavWeaps". www.navweaps.com. Retrieved 2017-03-11.
^ Friedman, Norman (2011-01-01). Naval weapons of World War One. Seaforth. ISBN 9781848321007. OCLC 786178793.

Campbell, John (1985). Naval Weapons of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-459-4.
Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval Weapons of World War One. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-84832-100-7.

French naval weapons of the First World War
Battleship primary armament	274 mm/40 Modèle 1893/1896 305 mm/45 Modèle 1887 305 mm/40 Modèle 1893/96 305 mm/45 Modèle 1906 340mm/28 Modèle 1881 340 mm/42 Modèle 1887 340 mm/45 Modèle 1912
Battleship secondary armament	47 mm/40 Modèle 1885 47 mm/50 Modèle 1902 57 mm/40 Modèle 1885 75 mm/62 Modèle 1908 75 mm/34 Modèle 1915/1916/1917 138 mm/55 Modèle 1910 164 mm/45 Modèle 1887 164 mm/45 Modèle 1893 194 mm/40 Modèle 1893–1896 240mm/50 Modèle 1902 274 mm/45 Modèle 1887/1893
Cruiser primary armament	164 mm/45 Modèle 1887 164 mm/45 Modèle 1893 194 mm/45 Modèle 1887 194 mm/40 Modèle 1893–1896 194 mm/50 Modèle 1902
Cruiser secondary armament	100 mm/45 Modèle 1891 138 mm/45 Modèle 1893 164 mm/45 Modèle 1887 164 mm/45 Modèle 1893
Destroyer and Aviso Primary armament	65 mm/50 Modèle 1891 100 mm/45 Modèle 1891 138 mm/45 Modèle 1893 138 mm/55 Modèle 1910
Anti-aircraft weapons	8 mm/50 Modèle 1914 57 mm/40 Modèle 1902