Boothby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Basil Boothby (1910–1990), British diplomat
• Benjamin Boothby (1803–1868), judge of the Supreme Court of South Australia
• Sir Brooke Boothby, 6th Baronet (1744–1824), British poet and friend of Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• Sir Brooke Boothby, 10th Baronet (1856–1913), British diplomat
• David Boothby (born 1944), Canadian Police Chief
• Dora Boothby (1881–1970), English tennis player
• Frances Boothby (fl. 1669–1670), English playwright
• Frederic E. Boothby (1845–1923), American railroad manager and politician
• Guy Boothby (1867–1905), Australian-born author of the Dr. Nikola novels
• Ian Boothby, comic book writer, comedian
• Josiah Boothby (1837–1916), Australian public administrator
• Neil Boothby, child psychologist
• Robert Boothby, Baron Boothby (1900–1986), British politician
• Robert Tuite Boothby (1871–1941), British banker, father of Robert Boothby
• Scott Boothby (born 1973), American hammer thrower
• Thomas Boothby of Tooley, founder of the Quorn Hunt in Leicestershire, England
• Thomas Wilde Boothby (1839–1885), aka T. Wilde Boothby, a politician in South Australia
• Valerie Boothby (1906–1982), German actress
• William Boothby (1829–1903), the Returning Officer for the first Australian federal election, after whom the Division of Boothby was named
• William "Cocktail" Boothby (1862–1930), bartender, mixologist, author of The World's Drinks And How To Mix Them
• William M. Boothby (1918–2021), American mathematician