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Blisland

Blisland
Blisland Parish Church
Blisland is located in Cornwall
Blisland
Blisland
Location within Cornwall
Population608 (United Kingdom Census 2011 including Bradford and Lank)
OS grid referenceSX101732
Civil parish
  • Blisland
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townBODMIN
Postcode districtPL30
Dialling code01208
PoliceDevon and Cornwall
FireCornwall
AmbulanceSouth Western
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Cornwall
50°31′41″N 4°40′52″W / 50.528°N 4.681°W / 50.528; -4.681
Blisland Parish Church from the east
The Blisland Inn

Blisland (Cornish: Blyslann) is a village and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is approximately five miles northeast of Bodmin.[1] According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 565. This had increased to 608 at the 2011 census.[2]

The parish is entirely rural in character, the northeast being moorland and the southwest lower lying farmland. The parish is bordered to the north by St Breward parish; to the west by St Mabyn and Helland parishes; to the south by Cardinham, Warleggan, and St Neot parishes; and to the northeast by Altarnun parish.[3]

The hamlets of Bradford, Keybridge, Merry Meeting, Pendrift, Tresarrett and Waterloo are in the parish.[4] Blisland is sometimes said to be the only village in Cornwall with a village green,[5] however Herodsfoot and Talskiddy are others.

Toponymy

The derivation of the placename is unclear – the earliest known form is Bleselonde in 1284. This appears to include the Old English land meaning estate, the first element is however obscure.[6] Ekwall mentions forms such as Bloiston from documents 1177–1198 and suggests that the first element is the same as in Blisland (with -ton as suffix) and that it is the original Celtic name (etym. dub.).[7] Charles Henderson in the Cornish Church Guide mentioned the older form as Bliston, thought to mean Heath-Town. In Domesday Book (1086) the manor is entered as Gluston and so probably it was really Bluston from Anglo-Saxon times to the 12th century, and by 1284 the new 'Blisland' form was adopted.

History and antiquities

On Blisland Manor Common is the prehistoric stone circle known as the Trippet stones; and on Hawkstor Down a henge monument the Stripple stones. Blisland Manor House is 16th century with later alterations; Lavethan House mid-17th century; and the house at Trewardale 1773, enlarged 1839. Lavethan house (1653) incorporates parts of the 15th century. The archway was brought from another site.[8] Early clapper bridges at Bradford and Poleys Bridge (on the River Camel) built of granite in 1839 are also noteworthy. Blisland Manor was in the hands of the family of Billing for many years: they were also landowners at St Breward and elsewhere.

Trehudreth was the seat of the family of Lean among whose members was Sir John Maclean (originally John Lean). Trewardale is the seat of the family of Edward-Collins amongst whose members were General Charles Edward-Collins, High Sheriff of Cornwall; Brigadier Thurston Edward-Collins and Major Charles F. T. Edward-Collins (also High Sheriff of Cornwall).[9]

Arthur Langdon (1896) records twelve stone crosses in the parish, of which one is at St Pratt's Well and four are at Lavethan. Others are Peverell's cross and crosses at Cross Park, in the village, at Tregaddick and two crosses at Trewardale.[10] Andrew Langdon (1996) records crosses at Cross Park, in the churchyard, in the village, as well as St Pratt's Cross, Peverall's Cross, one at Tregaddick, three at Lavethan and three at Trewardale.[11] A cross formerly at Lavethan, Blisland, was sold in 1991 and set up in a cottage garden in Newquay; another was taken to St Just in Penwith.[12]

Jubilee Rock on Pendrift Common is a Grade II listed decorated boulder. Pendrift common was also the home of a Logan stone which ceased to move, probably during the 18th century.[13] This stone is sometimes identified with Jubilee Rock, but the dimensions are significantly different although the stone may have topped Jubilee Rock in the past.

At Durfold there was a great 50-ft waterwheel which was used to operate, through a flat rod 1.25 miles long, a 14-in pump at Parkyn's china clay works at Temple. This wheel was made at Hawarden in 1865 and shipped to Laxey, Isle of Man; after use in the silver mines there it was dismantled and brought to Wadebridge by sea and rail, then hauled to Durfold by traction engine and re-erected.[14]

Churches and schools

Blisland Parish Church

The parish church (Norman with some later mediaeval work) is dedicated to Saints Hyacinth and Protus. (Locally the saint would be called St Pratt rather than Protus.) Dr Sidney J. Madge published in 1950 a good account of the church and its two patron saints entitled Blisland Church and its Patron Saints; a 2nd edition was issued in 1965 with a preface by John Betjeman. Charles Henderson, writing in the Cornish Church Guide (1925) suggests that Lavethan (formerly Lanedewen) may record the original dedication of the church since the second element may be St Adwen (patron of Advent). The present form of the dedication relies on identifying the St Pratt of tradition with St Protus Martyr.

The extensive restoration includes work by Ninian Comper and F. C. Eden. According to Betjeman: "As a restoration and even improvement on a medieval church, this holy and peaceful place ... can hardly be bettered in the kingdom."[15] In the church is the early 15th century brass of John Balsam, formerly rector here.[16]

St Catherine's Church, Temple

At Temple is the church of St Catherine, originally also a parish church, but the parish of Temple was merged with Blisland in 1934.

Blisland Primary School

Blisland School is located just outside Blisland in a hamlet named Waterloo on the edge of Bodmin Moor.

Cornish wrestling

Cornish wrestling tournaments, for prizes, were held in Blisland in the 1800s.[17][18]

Notable residents

  • Churton Fairman (1924–1997), also known as Mike Raven, radio DJ, sculptor and actor
  • John MacLean, historian and genealogist
  • Blisland Parish Church interior
    Blisland Parish Church interior
  • Parish Church: doorway
    Parish Church: doorway
  • Rood screen (detail), part of Comper and Eden's restoration work
    Rood screen (detail), part of Comper and Eden's restoration work
  • Trehudreth Mill
    Trehudreth Mill

References

  1. ^ Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 200 Newquay & Bodmin ISBN 978-0-319-22938-5
  2. ^ "2011 census". Retrieved 6 February 2015.
  3. ^ "Cornwall Council interactive mapping". Archived from the original on 5 May 2010. Retrieved 2010-05-01. Cornwall Council online mapping. Retrieved May 2010
  4. ^ Cornwall; Explore Britain
  5. ^ Hilton, Victor (1963) The Bide-a-while Book. Shaldon: Victor Hilton; p. 44, entry for Tregaddick
  6. ^ Mills, A. D (1991). The Popular Dictionary of English Place-Names. Parragon Book Service Ltd & Magpie Books. p. 40. ISBN 0-7525-1851-8.
  7. ^ Ekwall, E., The concise dictionary of English place-names, 2nd ed., 1940, p. 47a
  8. ^ Pevsner, N. (1970) Cornwall; 2nd ed. Harmondsworth: Penguin; p. 99
  9. ^ CORNWALL SHRIEVALTY LIST OF HIGH SHERIFFS 1900 - 2014 Archived from the original 8 September 2015
  10. ^ Langdon, A. G. (1896) Old Cornish Crosses. Truro: Joseph Pollard
  11. ^ Langdon, A. G. (2005) Stone Crosses in East Cornwall; 2nd ed. Federation of Old Cornwall Societies; pp. 18-23
  12. ^ Langdon, A. G. (2002) Stone Crosses in Mid Cornwall; 2nd ed. Federation of Old Cornwall Societies; p. 29
  13. ^ Hambly, Hilda (1992). North Cornwall Reflections. Bossiney Books. p. 58. ISBN 0-948158-79-4.>
  14. ^ Todd, A. C. & Laws, Peter (1972) The Industrial Archaeology of Cornwall. Newton Abbot: David & Charles; p. 209
  15. ^ Betjeman, J. (ed.) (1968) Collins Pocket Guide to English Parish Churches: the South. London: Collins; pp. 146–47
  16. ^ Dunkin, E. (1882) Monumental Brasses. London, Spottiswoode
  17. ^ Cornish Times, 6 October 1866.
  18. ^ Royal Cornwall Gazette, 27 September 1878.
  • Betjeman, John (1973) "The Church of St Protus and St Hyacinth, at Blisland, Cornwall", in his: West Country Churches. London: Society of SS. Peter and Paul
Quelle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blisland