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Bill Stein

For other people with the same name, see William Stein (disambiguation).

Bill Stein
Bill Stein in 1978
Stein with the Seattle Mariners in 1978
Third baseman / Second baseman
Born: (1947-01-21) January 21, 1947 (age 77)
Battle Creek, Michigan, U.S.
Batted: Right
Threw: Right
MLB debut
September 6, 1972, for the St. Louis Cardinals
Last MLB appearance
October 6, 1985, for the Texas Rangers
MLB statistics
Batting average.267
Home runs44
Runs batted in311
Stats at Baseball Reference Edit this at Wikidata
Teams

William Allen Stein (born January 21, 1947) is an American former professional baseball player and manager. His playing career spanned 17 seasons, 14 of which were spent in Major League Baseball (MLB) with the St. Louis Cardinals (1972–1973), the Chicago White Sox (1974–1976), the Seattle Mariners (1977–1980), and the Texas Rangers (1981–1985). Over his career in the majors Stein batted .267 with 122 doubles, 18 triples, 44 home runs, and 311 runs batted in (RBIs) in 959 games played. Stein played numerous fielding positions over his major league career, including third base, second base, first base, left field, right field, and shortstop. He also spent significant time as a pinch hitter.

Early life

Stein was born on January 21, 1947, in Battle Creek, Michigan. Stein attended Cocoa High School in Cocoa, Florida[1] and Brevard Community College, from where he was drafted by the Baltimore Orioles during the 33rd round of the 1968 Major League Baseball draft.[2] Stein did not sign with the Orioles. He began attending Southern Illinois University in 1969.[3] As a member of the school's baseball team, he batted .396 and was named an All-American by the American Baseball Coaches Association.[4] Stein was drafted by the St. Louis Cardinals during the fourth round of the 1969 Major League Baseball draft.[5]

Playing career

St. Louis Cardinals

In 1969, Stein began his professional baseball career in the St. Louis Cardinals minor league organization. The Cardinals assigned him to the Tulsa Oilers, who were their Triple-A affiliates at the time. With the Oilers, Stein batted .295 with 24 runs scored, 54 hits, 11 doubles, five triples, one home run, and 20 runs batted in (RBIs) in 62 games played. Defensively, Stein played 31 games at second base, 14 games at third base, and five games at shortstop.[6] During the 1970 season, the Cardinals assigned Stein to the Double-A level to play with the Arkansas Travelers of the Texas League. In 114 games played that year, he batted .289 with 124 hits, 21 doubles, two triples, and eight home runs. In the field, Stein played second base and outfield.[6] In 1971, Stein was promoted to the Triple-A level. He spent the entire season with the Tulsa Oilers, where he batted .272 with 50 runs scored, 106 hits, 106 hits, 22 doubles, four triples, eight home runs, and 67 RBIs in 103 games played.[6] Stein pitched a game that season, after Tulsa's starting pitcher was ejected from the game after throwing the ball at the umpire.[7] In six innings, he gave-up eight hits, and three runs (all earned). He played the majority of the season in the outfield, but also spent limited time at third base, first base, and shortstop.

To start the 1972 season, Stein was a member of the Triple-A Tulsa Oilers. With Tulsa that year, he batted .278 with 100 hits, 26 doubles, four triples, five home runs, and 36 RBIs in 103 games played. Stein was a September call-up for the St. Louis cardinals that year. He made his debut in Major League Baseball (MLB) on September 6, 1972, against the Philadelphia Phillies.[8] He got his first hit in that game, which was a home run in the ninth inning.[8][9] He played 14 games in the majors that year, batting .314 with two runs scored, 11 hits, one triple, two home runs, and three RBIs. Defensively in the majors, he was positioned at third base, left field, and right field.

During spring training in 1973, the Sarasota Herald-Tribune labeled Stein as the Cardinals candidate for pinch hitting off the bench.[10] He made the Cardinals Opening Day roster that year. He made his season debut on April 6 as a pinch hitter, going hitless in one at-bat against the Pittsburgh Pirates.[11] His first hit of the season came on April 17, against the Pirates.[11] In August, Stein was sent down to the minor leagues and was replaced on the Cardinals major league roster by outfielder Héctor Cruz.[12] In the minors, he played with the Triple-A Tulsa Oilers, where he batted .289 with 23 hits, two doubles, and one triple in 21 games played. While in the majors that season, Stein compiled a .218 batting average with four runs scored, 12 hits, two doubles, and two RBIs in 32 games played. On defense with the Cardinals, he played right field, left field, third base, and first base.

Chicago White Sox

On September 25, Stein was traded by the St. Louis Cardinals to the California Angels in exchange for Jerry DaVanon.[13] California then traded Stein to the Chicago White Sox on April 3, 1974, before he made an appearance in the Angels organization.[13] In return, the White Sox sent Steve Blateric to California.[13] Stein started the 1974 season in the White Sox minor league system with the Triple-A Iowa Oaks. In 135 games with Iowa, he batted .326 with 107 runs scored, 178 hits, 32 doubles, eight triples, 16 home runs, and 76 RBIs. Stein led the American Association in hits; was second in runs scored, plate appearances (594), at-bats (554), and doubles; and was tied for second in triples.[14] He was called up by Chicago in September.[15] Stein made his season debut on September 13, against the California Angels, getting no hits in four at-bats.[16] His first hit of the season came the day after, against California.[16] In the majors that year, Stein batted .276 with five runs scored, 12 hits, one double, and five RBIs in 13 games played.

Stein spent his first full season in the majors during the 1975 season. His season debut came on April 16, against the Texas Rangers, where in one at-bat he went hitless.[17] In June, Stein was named the starting third baseman after Bill Melton, who was Chicago's regular third baseman, was benched for poor hitting.[18] Stein also played back-up for second baseman Jorge Orta over the season.[19] On July 20, in the second game of a doubleheader against the Milwaukee Brewers, Stein hit his first career grand slam.[17][20] On the season, Stein batted .270 with 23 runs scored, 61 hits, seven doubles, one triple, three home runs, and 21 RBIs in 76 games played. In the field, he played 28 games at second base, 24 games at third base, and one game in left field. Stein also played 18 games that year at the designated hitter spot in the lineup.

Stein played his final season with the Chicago White Sox in 1976. On August 17, in the first game of a doubleheader against the Boston Red Sox, he hit a game-winning single in the ninth inning to score Pat Kelly.[21] In August, United Press International noted that it was the first time in his major league career that Stein was getting a chance to start regularly.[22] During the season, he compiled a .268 batting average with 32 runs scored, 105 hits, 15 doubles, two triples, four home runs, and 36 RBIs in 117 games played. Stein played 58 games at second base, 58 games at third base, one game at first base, one game in right field, and one game at shortstop. He was also the designated hitter in one game during that season.[23]

Seattle Mariners

"The only thing Darrell Johnson, the Mariners manager told me is to work at third base [...] You get worn out if you just sit on the bench. I found it much easier to play every day."

—The Associated Press interviewing Stein in March 1977 on the subject of his new team, the Mariners.[7]

During the 1976 Major League Baseball expansion draft, Stein was selected by the Seattle Mariners, who took him with their third pick in the draft.[24] Stein stated he was "glad" that the Mariners drafted him, because he did not like playing at Comiskey Park, the home of his previous team, the Chicago White Sox.[25] He was profiled by the Associated Press during spring training in 1977, and was interviewed about his new team and his unique versatility in the field.[7] Stein mentioned to the reporter that although he had played a wide variety of positions in the past, he hoped he would get a chance to be the Mariners starting third baseman.[7] In a win against the Boston Red Sox on May 3, Stein hit two home runs in the same game.[26][27] In June, Stein commented on how he liked starting every day at third base for the Mariners.[25] The Mariners manager, Darrell Johnson, praised Stein for playing "good ball" with Seattle.[25] On July 8, in a game against the Minnesota Twins, Stein had another two-home run performance, his second of the season.[26] In early-September, Stein got hit in the shoulder by a baseball, which was later revealed to have caused a hairline fracture.[28] With the Mariners that year, he batted .259 with 53 runs scored, 144 hits, 26 doubles, five triples, 13 home runs, and 67 RBIs in 151 games played. Defensively, the vast majority of his games (147) were played at third base, but he also played limited time at shortstop. He led the American League in putouts by a third baseman with 146.[29] Stein was also fifth in the league in defensive games at third base.[29]

Stein, circa 1977

Before the start of the 1978 season, Stein re-signed with the Seattle Mariners.[30] His contract meant he was now signed through the 1980 season.[31] In May 1978, he bruised his left hand, which caused him to miss some playing time.[32] On August 25, he broke up Dennis Martínez's potential no-hitter in the seventh inning of a game against the Baltimore Orioles.[33][34] On August 28, in a game against the Boston Red Sox, Stein had a season-high four hits.[34][35] On the season, he batted .261 with 41 runs scored, 105 hits, 24 doubles, four triples, four home runs, and 37 RBIs in 114 games played. In the field, Stein played 67 games at third base, 17 games at second base, and three games at shortstop. His 24 errors at third base was second in the American League.[36]

Early into the 1979 season, Stein was placed on the disabled list after suffering a rib injury.[37] Charlie Beamon, Jr. was called up from the minor leagues to replace Stein during his injury.[37] In late June, the Mariners activated Stein from the disabled list.[38] By the time he had returned, the Mariners had already positioned Dan Meyer at his position, so Stein filled in at second base during his first game back.[38] That year, Stein batted .248 with 28 runs scored, 62 hits, nine doubles, two triples, seven home runs, and 27 RBIs in 88 games played. As a fielder, he played 67 games at third base, 17 games at second base, and three games at shortstop.

Stein's final season with the Seattle Mariners would come in 1980. On April 29, against the Minnesota Twins, Stein had a season high four hit game.[39] He matched that high on July 26, against the Toronto Blue Jays.[39] On July 28, Stein broke up a no-hit bid by Cleveland Indians pitcher Len Barker.[40] In his final season with the Mariners, Stein batted .268 with 16 runs scored, 53 hits, five doubles, one triple, five home runs, and 27 RBIs in 67 games played. Defensively, he played 34 games at third base, 14 games at second base, and eight games at first base. He also played five games that season as Seattle's designated hitter.

Texas Rangers

In December 1980, Stein was signed as a free agent by the Texas Rangers.[41] Stein made his Rangers debut on April 14, 1981, against the Cleveland Indians.[42] In that game, he got one hit in two at-bats.[42] In May, Stein set an American League record by recording seven consecutive pinch hits.[43][44] Through June, Stein had a .441 batting average.[45] On the season, Stein batted .330 with 21 runs scored, 38 hits, six doubles, two home runs, and 22 RBIs in 53 games played. In the field, he played 20 games at first base, seven games at third base, seven games in left field, three games at second base, one game in right field, and one game at shortstop.[42]

On April 16, 1982, in a game against the Milwaukee Brewers, Stein hit a game-winning double in the top of the ninth inning.[46] In June, while playing against his former team, the Seattle Mariners, Stein praised their pitching staff.[47] In 85 games that year, Stein batted .239, the lowest average of his career since the 1972 season where he played with the St. Louis Cardinals. He also compiled 14 runs scored, 44 hits, eight doubles, one home run, and 16 RBIs. In the field, he played 34 games at second base, 28 games at third base, six games at shortstop, two games at first base, and one game in left field. Stein also was the designated hitter during three games.[48]

In March 1983, Stein praised the Texas Rangers new manager, Doug Rader, for working on the game in a "serious" way.[49] On May 18, in a game against the Cleveland Indians, Stein was brought in as a pinch hitter during the 14th inning, and proceeded to get the game-winning hit for the Rangers.[50] With Texas that year, he batted .310 with 21 runs scored, 72 hits, 15 doubles, one triple, two home runs, and 33 RBIs in 78 games played. Stein played the majority of his games at second base, but also played first base and third base. He was used as the Rangers designated hitter in six contests that year. After the season, Stein spoke out against a transaction that the Rangers made, trading Jim Sundberg to the Milwaukee Brewers, calling him a "mainstay of the organization".[51]

In 1984, the Associated Press stated that Stein was one of the American League's best pinch hitters.[52] Early into the season, he injured his wrist, which caused him to miss some playing time.[53] In mid-June, the Rangers activated him from the disabled list.[54] On the season, Stein batted .279 with three runs scored, 12 hits, one double and three RBIs in 27 games played. Stein played 11 games at second base, three games at first base, and three games at third base. He also spent four games as the Rangers designated hitter.

Before the 1985 season, it was announced that the Texas Rangers had traded Stein to the Pittsburgh Pirates in exchange for a player to be named later, pending a physical.[55] The Pirates later canceled the trade after team doctors discovered a "probable disc problem" in his back.[56] Rumors then circulated that it was possible that Steins' career would be ended by the injury.[57] However, Stein did play 44 games with the Rangers that season, batting .253 with five runs scored, 20 hits, three doubles, one triple, one home run, and 12 RBIs. He played 11 games at third base, eight games at first base, three games at second base, and three games in right field. Stein was the team's designated hitter in six games that year. In his final season in the majors, he earned a salary of $250,000 ($708,230 inflation adjusted). At the end of the season, Texas announced that it would not re-sign Stein.[58] Through an agent, Stein commented that if he could not play for Texas in the upcoming season, he would retire.[58]

Coaching career

In 1987, Stein coached the Rockledge High School baseball team, leading them a district title with a 17–11 record.[59] Stein was hired as the manager of the Class A-Short Season Little Falls Mets of the New York–Penn League in 1988.[59] Little Falls were minor league affiliates of the New York Mets.[59] In his first professional season as a manager, Stein led Little Falls to a 39–36 record.[60] Stein commented that when he became a manager it was difficult to learn pitching after all the years of being a position player.[61] In 1989, the New York Mets fired Butch Hobson, the manager of the Class-A Columbia Mets, and promoted Stein to that position.[62] At the helm of Colombia that year, Stein led them to a 73–67 record.[63] He also served as a player-coach with the Orlando Juice of the Senior Professional Baseball Association in 1989.[64]

Stein continued to manage the Columbia Mets in 1990, leading them to an 83–60 record.[65] The Mets had the best record in the South Atlantic League that season.[66] In 1991, Stein was hired to be the manager of the Bend Bucks of the Northwest League.[67] The non-affiliated Bucks had a record of 30–46 with Stein as the manager.[68] He was hired to be the manager of the Clinton Giants in 1992.[69] Clinton was the Class-A affiliate of the San Francisco Giants at the time.[70] Stein led Clinton to a 59–79 record that year.[70] After considering taking a year off of baseball in 1994, Stein eventually accepted the managerial position with the independent league Tyler WildCatters.[71]

References

General references
  1. "Bill Stein Statistics and History". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  2. "Bill Stein Minor League Statistics & History". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
Inline citations
  1. ^ "Stein Finds Prep Coaching Hard To Fathom". Orlando Sentinel. May 8, 1988. Archived from the original on March 5, 2024. Retrieved March 5, 2024.
  2. ^ "33rd Round of the 1968 MLB June Amateur Draft". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  3. ^ "Southern Illinois University Salukis (Carbondale, Illinois)". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on January 5, 2010. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  4. ^ "'Canes, Florida State Place 2 On All-American". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. June 15, 1969. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  5. ^ "4th Round of the 1969 MLB June Amateur Draft". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  6. ^ a b c "Bill Stein Minor League Statistics & History". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  7. ^ a b c d "Bill Stein has tried it all". Tri City Herald. March 7, 1977. Retrieved November 26, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  8. ^ a b "Bill Stein 1972 Batting Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  9. ^ "Night Games". Reading Eagle. September 7, 1972. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  10. ^ "Murcer Inks Yankees Pact". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. March 6, 1973. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  11. ^ a b "Bill Stein 1973 Batting Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  12. ^ "Cruz Elevated By Cardinals". The Victoria Advocate. August 10, 1973.
  13. ^ a b c "Bill Stein Trades and Transactions". Baseball-Almanac.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  14. ^ "1974 American Association Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  15. ^ "Chisox Gain Farm Pair". Schenectady Gazette. September 12, 1974. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  16. ^ a b "Bill Stein 1974 Batting Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  17. ^ a b "Bill Stein 1975 Batting Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  18. ^ Lassila, Alan (June 4, 1975). "Changing Faces: Way of Life For White Sox". Sarasota Journal. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  19. ^ "AL West: Angels shut out A's again". The Baltimore Sun (subscription required). July 7, 1975. Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  20. ^ Lowitt, Bruce (July 21, 1975). "Stein homers power Chisox past Brewers". The Prescott Courier. Retrieved November 26, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  21. ^ "Monty give Red Sox Tuesday night split". Bangor Daily News. August 19, 1976. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  22. ^ Rosenburg, Ken (August 14, 1976). "A's gain on ailing Royals". Ellensburg Daily Record. United Press International. Retrieved November 26, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  23. ^ "Bill Stein 1976 Batting Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  24. ^ "Royals' Jones first choice in draft". Lawrence Journal-World. November 5, 1976. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  25. ^ a b c "Stein finally finds a home". St. Petersburg Times. June 4, 1977. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  26. ^ a b "Bill Stein 1977 Batting Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  27. ^ "Stein, Mariners Outslug Red Sox". Schenectady Gazette. United Press International. May 4, 1977. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  28. ^ "M's fade before Royals rally". Tri City Herald. September 8, 1977. Retrieved November 27, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  29. ^ a b "1977 American League Fielding Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  30. ^ "Seaver remains bitter about Mets management". The Leader-Post. February 16, 1978. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  31. ^ "Mariners sign two players". Ellensburg Daily Record. United Press International. February 16, 1978. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  32. ^ "Mariner sub sinks Royals". The Southeast Missourian. May 21, 1978. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  33. ^ "Orioles' Martinez Two-Hits Mariners". Herald-Journal. August 26, 1978. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  34. ^ a b "Bill Stein 1978 Batting Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  35. ^ "Error opens the door, Red Sox shut in, 10–9". Eugene Register-Guard. August 29, 1978. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  36. ^ "1978 American League Fielding Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  37. ^ a b "Stein placed on disabled list". Tri City Herald. May 31, 1979. Retrieved November 27, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  38. ^ a b "Stein celebrates return by sparking Mariner victory". Tri City Herald. June 28, 1979. Retrieved November 27, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  39. ^ a b "Bill Stein 1980 Batting Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  40. ^ "Baker Flits With No-Hitter Again". Reading Eagle. July 29, 1980. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  41. ^ "Rangers also take Bill Stein". The Spokesman-Review. December 21, 1980. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  42. ^ a b c "Bill Stein 1981 Batting Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  43. ^ "Stein Sets Pinch-Hit Record". The New York Times. United Press International. May 26, 1981. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  44. ^ "Stein great in a pinch". The Rock Hill Herald. May 26, 1981. Retrieved November 27, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  45. ^ Pickard, Chuck (April 1982). "Let's Hear if for a Little Known Record Holder". Baseball Digest. 41 (4). Lakeside Publishing Co.: 61. ISSN 0005-609X. Retrieved November 27, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  46. ^ Aschburner, Steve (April 17, 1981). "Hitter Stein wins specialists' duel". The Milwaukee Journal. Retrieved November 27, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  47. ^ "Stein has the answer: Pitching". Spokane Chronicle. United Press International. June 17, 1982. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  48. ^ "Bill Stein 1982 Batting Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  49. ^ "Once a flake: Doug Rader says it's all in the past". The Evening Independent. March 24, 1983. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  50. ^ "Steins' single sinks Indians in 14th". Toledo Blade. May 19, 1983. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  51. ^ "Texas Trades Sundberg to Milwaukee Brewers". The Bonham Daily Favorite. December 9, 1983. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  52. ^ "Minnesota, Kansas City Even With 17 Games Left". Ocala Star-Banner. September 13, 1984. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  53. ^ "Other 13 -- No Title". The Baltimore Sun (subscription required). May 4, 1984. Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  54. ^ "American League". Spokane Chronicle. June 14, 1984. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  55. ^ "Rangers pick up Stein". The Telegraph-Herald. United Press International. January 6, 1985. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  56. ^ "Bucks deal for Stein canceled". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. January 10, 1985. Retrieved November 27, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  57. ^ "Names and Games". The Pittsburgh Press. January 10, 1985. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  58. ^ a b Kurkjian, Tim (October 24, 1985). "Stein not offered contract from Rangers". The Dallas Morning News (subscription required). Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  59. ^ a b c Zizzo, Mike (June 2, 1988). "Stein named to manage in the Mets system". Orlando Sentinel (subscription required). Archived from the original on February 1, 2013. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  60. ^ "1988 Little Falls Mets". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  61. ^ Zizzo, Mike (June 7, 1988). "Former major leaguer Stein finally has to adjust to Class A ball". Orlando Sentinel (subscription required). Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  62. ^ "Bill Stein to manage Colombia Mets". The Rock Hill Herald. January 12, 1989. Retrieved November 27, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  63. ^ "1989 Columbia Mets". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  64. ^ Zizzo, Mike (October 5, 1989). "Bill Stein returns to playing utility infielder, signs with Orlando Rays". Orlando Sentinel (subscription required). Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  65. ^ "1990 Columbia Mets". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  66. ^ "1990 South Atlantic League". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  67. ^ "M's could count on Bend skipper". The Spokesman-Review. July 23, 1990. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
  68. ^ "1991 Bend Bucks". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  69. ^ "Jones sparks Reds coming off the bench". The Gazette (subscription required). April 19, 1992. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  70. ^ a b "1992 Clinton Giants". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  71. ^ "Small team, big dream It might be the minors...but it's all major fun". Fort Worth Star-Telegram (subscription required). August 21, 1994. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
Quelle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Stein