Battle of Vilnius may refer to:

• Siege of Vilnius (1390), unsuccessful siege by the Teutonic Order
• Battle of Vilnius (1655), Russia captures the city during the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)
• Battle of Vilnius (1660) [ru], Grand Duchy of Lithuania recaptures the city from Russia
• Battle of Vilnius (1702), Grand Duchy of Lithuania unsuccessfully attempts to capture the city from Sweden during the Great Northern War

• Battle of Vilnius (1812), France captures the city during the French invasion of Russia
• Battle of Vilnius
• First Battle of Vilnius (1831) [lt; pl], Uprising of 1831
• Second Battle of Vilnius (1831), Uprising of 1831

• Battle of Vilnius (1915), Imperial German Army defeats the Imperial Russian Army and captures the city during World War I
• Battles for Vilnius (1918–1919), Unsuccessful attempt to capture the city by the Polish Self-Defence of Lithuania and Belarus
• Vilna offensive (1919), Poland captures the city during the Polish–Soviet War
• Battle of Vilnius (1920) [pl], Soviet Union captures the city during the Polish–Soviet War

• Battle of Wilno (1939), Soviet Union captures the city during the Invasion of Poland
• Battle of Vilnius (1941), Lithuanian rebels of the June Uprising take over Vilnius before the German Wehrmacht arrives in the city during Operation Barbarossa
• Operation Ostra Brama (1944), the Polish Home Army fails to capture the city from the Wehrmacht by itself during the Operation Tempest
• Vilnius offensive (1944), Soviet occupation of the city