Azoulay, sometimes spelled Azoulai, Azulai or Azulay (Hebrew: אזולאי),^[1] etc. is a Sephardi Jewish surname, common among Jews of Moroccan descent. It is assumed that the family name Azulai is an acronym of the biblical restriction on whom a Kohen may marry: אשה זנה וחללה לא יקחו (Leviticus, 21:7) and, thus, indicating priestly descent. The Hebrew phrase ishah zonah ve'challelah lo yikachu means "a foreign [non-Israelite woman] or divorced [Israelite woman] shall not he [the Kohen] take".

Azoulay, is the name of a notable Jewish family descended from Spanish exiles who, after the expulsion of the Jews from Spain in 1492^{[citation needed]} and following decades, settled in the city of Fez, Morocco. The family includes:

• Abraham Azulai (c. 1570 – 1643) – Kabbalistic author and commentator best known for his Chessed le-Avraham
• Chaim Yosef David Azulai (1724–1807) – a rabbinical scholar and a noted bibliophile, who pioneered the history of Jewish religious writings.^[2]
• Raphael Isaiah Azulai (died 1830) – rabbi and writer.

• André Azoulay – Senior adviser to King Mohammed VI of Morocco
• Audrey Azoulay – French Minister of Culture
• Blanche Azoulay – Algerian lawyer
• Daniel Azulay – Brazilian visual artist, comic book artist, and educator
• Shay K. Azoulay – Israeli writer
• Jean-Luc Azoulay – French filmmaker, see AB Disques
• Ariella Azoulay – Israeli scholar and documentarian, see Herzliya Biennial
• Jom Tob Azulay – Brazilian film producer and director
• Simon Azoulay Pedersen – Danish football player
• Yinon Azulai – Israeli politician

• Azoulay v. The Queen, landmark 1952 Canadian Supreme Court case, wherein Dr. Leon Azoulay was accused of murder after the death of a patient receiving an abortion
• The Policeman, Hashoter Azoulay was the original title of the Israeli film The Policeman