Adamson is an English patronymic surname meaning "son of Adam".^[1] It is rare as a given name, although there has been a tradition in some families for the first-born son to be called Adam. People with the surname Adamson include:

• Adam Adamson (1884–1984), New Zealand businessman
• Agar Adamson (1865–1929), Canadian Light Infantry officer 1916 to 1918
• Al Adamson (1925–1995), B-grade horror movie director
• Amandus Adamson (1855–1929), Estonian sculptor and painter
• Andrew Adamson (born 1966), New Zealand film director
• Anthony Adamson (1906–2002), Canadian architect, author, teacher and municipal politician
• Barry Adamson (born 1958), English rock musician
• Bartlett Adamson, (1884–1951), Australian author
• Callum Adamson, British businessman and musician
• Campbell Adamson (1922–2000), British industrialist
• Carey Adamson (1942–2019), Royal New Zealand Air Force officer
• Catherine Adamson (1868–1925), New Zealand homemaker, farmer and diarist
• Charlie Adamson (1875–1918), English rugby union player
• Chris Adamson (born 1978), English footballer
• Christine Adamson (born 1962/1963), Australian judge
• Christopher Adamson (actor) (born 1956), British actor
• Clare Adamson (born 1968), Member of Scottish Parliament
• Daniel Adamson (1820–1890), English engineer
• David B. Adamson (1823–1891), farm implement manufacturer and inventor in South Australia
• Derick Adamson (born 1958), Jamaican marathon runner
• Donald Adamson (born 1939), British author and historian
• Edward Adamson (1911–1996), British artist and pioneer of Art Therapy
• Frances Adamson (born 1961), Australian public servant, diplomat, 36th Governor of South Australia
• George Adamson (1906–1989), Indian-born wildlife conservationist and author
• George Lucas Adamson, founder of Adamson University
• George Worsley Adamson (1913–2005), American and British illustrator and author
• Grant Adamson, Australian rugby league player
• Harold Adamson (1906–1980), American lyricist
• Harry Adamson (1912–1989), English footballer
• Harvey Adamson (1854–1941), Lieutenant Governor of Burma
• Hendrik Adamson (1891–1946), Estonian poet
• Henry Adamson, (1581–1637), Scottish poet and historian
• Hugh Adamson, Scottish footballer who played for Bolton Wanderers and Everton
• Ian Adamson (1944–2019), Irish politician and medical doctor
• Isaac Adamson (born 1971), American author
• Jack Adamson (1873–1937), Australian rules footballer
• Jack H. Adamson (1918–1975), American academic
• James B. Adamson, American businessman
• James Bradshaw Adamson (1921–2003), General in U.S. Army
• James C. Adamson (born 1946), astronaut
• James Hazel Adamson (1829–1902), South Australian inventor and artist
• Janet Adamson (1882–1962), Scottish politician
• Jean Adamson (1928–2024), British children's writer and illustrator
• Jim Adamson (1905–1991), Australian rules footballer
• Jimmy Adamson (1929–2011), English professional footballer
• Jimmy Adamson (Scottish footballer), Scottish footballer
• John Adamson (disambiguation), multiple people
• John William Adamson (1857–1949), British educationist
• Joy Adamson (1910–1980), Czech-born British naturalist and author
• Julia Adamson (born 1960), Canadian-born British composer
• Ken Adamson (1938–2023), American footballer
• Lawrence Adamson (1860–1932), Australian schoolmaster
• Lee Adamson (born 1946), Australian rules footballer
• Maggie Adamson, Scottish musician
• Matt Adamson (born 1972), Australian rugby league player
• Mike Adamson (footballer) (born 1949), Scottish footballer
• Sarah Gough Adamson (1888–1963), British artist
• Shpongle born Michele Adamson, rave and trance DJ
• Nej Adamson (born 1958), British actor
• Nicolas Clark Adamson (born 1938), Royal courtier
• Patrick Adamson (1537–1592), Scottish prelate
• Peter Adamson (politician) (born 1961), Lord Mayor of Darwin
• Peter Adamson (actor) (1930–2002), British actor
• Peter Adamson (academic) (born 1972), professor of philosophy
• Phil Adamson, Australian rugby league player
• Raymond Adamson (1920–2002), British actor
• Robert Adamson (disambiguation)
• Samuel Adamson, playwright
• Stephen Adamson, Irish lawn and indoor bowler
• Stuart Adamson (1958–2001), British rock musician
• Thomas Adamson (priest) (1926–1991)
• Thomas Adamson (disambiguation)
• Tiahni Adamson, Australian wildlife conservation biologist
• Tom Adamson, Scottish footballer who played for Brentford and Bury
• Tommy Adamson, Scottish footballer who played for Dundee United and Forfar Athletic
• William Adamson (1863–1936), Leader of the British Labour Party
• William Adamson (Wisconsin politician) (1834–1907), American politician
• William Agar Adamson (1800–1868), Canadian clergyman and author
• William C. Adamson (1854–1929), American politician from Georgia
• William Murdoch Adamson (1881–1945), British Labour politician
• Yilpi Adamson (born 1954), Australian artist