August 22 is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 131 days remain until the end of the year.

• 392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.
• 851 – Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland.
• 1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scotland and England.^[1]
• 1153 – Crusader–Fatimid wars: The fortress of Ascalon was surrendered by Fatimid Egypt to an army of crusaders, Templars, and Hospitallers led by King Baldwin III of Jerusalem.^[2]
• 1485 – The Battle of Bosworth Field occurs; King Richard III of England's death in battle marks the end of the reigning Plantagenet dynasty and the beginning of the Tudors under Henry VII.^[3]
• 1559 – Spanish archbishop Bartolomé Carranza is arrested for heresy.

• 1614 – Fettmilch Uprising: Jews are expelled from Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire, following the plundering of the Judengasse.
• 1639 – Madras (now Chennai), India, is founded by the British East India Company on a sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers.
• 1642 – Charles I raises his standard in Nottingham, which marks the beginning of the English Civil War.
• 1654 – Jacob Barsimson arrives in New Amsterdam. He is the first known Jewish immigrant to America.
• 1711 – Britain's Quebec Expedition loses eight ships and almost nine hundred soldiers, sailors and women to rocks at Pointe-aux-Anglais.
• 1717 – Spanish troops land on Sardinia.
• 1770 – James Cook names and lands on Possession Island, and claims the east coast of Australia for Britain as New South Wales.
• 1777 – British forces abandon the Siege of Fort Stanwix after hearing rumors of Continental Army reinforcements.
• 1780 – James Cook's ship HMS Resolution returns to England (Cook having been killed on Hawaii during the voyage).
• 1791 – The Haitian slave revolution begins in Saint-Domingue, Haiti.
• 1798 – French troops land at Kilcummin, County Mayo, Ireland to aid the rebellion.
• 1827 – José de La Mar becomes President of Peru.
• 1846 – The Second Federal Republic of Mexico is established.
• 1849 – Passaleão incident: João Maria Ferreira do Amaral, the governor of Portuguese Macau, is assassinated by a group of Chinese locals, triggering a military confrontation between China and Portugal at the Battle of Passaleão three days after.^[4]
• 1851 – The first America's Cup is won by the yacht America.
• 1864 – Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention, establishing the rules of protection of the victims of armed conflicts.^[5]
• 1875 – The Treaty of Saint Petersburg between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of Sakhalin for the Kuril Islands.
• 1894 – Mahatma Gandhi forms the Natal Indian Congress (NIC) in order to fight discrimination against Indian traders in Natal.

• 1902 – The Cadillac Motor Company is founded.
• 1902 – Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to make a public appearance in an automobile.
• 1902 – At least 6,000 people are killed by the magnitude 7.7 Kashgar earthquake in the Tien Shan mountains.^[6]
• 1922 – Michael Collins, Commander-in-chief of the Irish Free State Army, is shot dead in an ambush during the Irish Civil War.
• 1934 – Bill Woodfull of Australia becomes the only test cricket captain to twice regain The Ashes.
• 1941 – World War II: German troops begin the Siege of Leningrad.
• 1942 – Brazil declares war on Germany, Japan and Italy.
• 1944 – World War II: Holocaust of Kedros in Crete by German forces.
• 1949 – The Queen Charlotte earthquake is Canada's strongest since the 1700 Cascadia earthquake.
• 1953 – The penal colony on Devil's Island is permanently closed.
• 1962 – The OAS attempts to assassinate French president Charles de Gaulle.
• 1963 – X-15 Flight 91 reaches the highest altitude of the X-15 program (107.96 km (67.08 mi) (354,200 feet)).
• 1965 – Juan Marichal, pitcher for the San Francisco Giants, strikes John Roseboro, catcher for the Los Angeles Dodgers, on the head with a bat, sparking a 14-minute brawl, one of the most violent on-field incidents in sports history.^[7]
• 1966 – Labor movements NFWA and AWOC merge to become the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC), the predecessor of the United Farm Workers.
• 1968 – Pope Paul VI arrives in Bogotá, Colombia. It is the first visit of a pope to Latin America.
• 1971 – J. Edgar Hoover and John Mitchell announce the arrest of 20 of the Camden 28.
• 1972 – Rhodesia is expelled by the IOC for its racist policies.
• 1973 – The Congress of Chile votes in favour of a resolution condemning President Salvador Allende's government and demands that he resign or else be unseated through force and new elections.
• 1978 – Nicaraguan Revolution: The FSLN seizes the National Congress of Nicaragua, along with over a thousand hostages.
• 1978 – The District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment is passed by the U.S. Congress, although it is never ratified by a sufficient number of states.
• 1981 – Far Eastern Air Transport Flight 103 disintegrates in mid-air and crashes in Sanyi Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan. All 110 people on board are killed.^[8]
• 1985 – British Airtours Flight 28M suffers an engine fire during takeoff at Manchester Airport. The pilots abort but due to inefficient evacuation procedures 55 people are killed, mostly from smoke inhalation.
• 1989 – Nolan Ryan strikes out Rickey Henderson to become the first Major League Baseball pitcher to record 5,000 strikeouts.
• 1991 – Iceland is the first nation in the world to recognize the independence of the Baltic states.
• 1992 – FBI sniper Lon Horiuchi shoots and kills Vicki Weaver during an 11-day siege at her home at Ruby Ridge, Idaho.
• 1999 – China Airlines Flight 642 crashes at Hong Kong International Airport, killing three people and injuring 208 more.^[9]
• 2003 – Alabama Chief Justice Roy Moore is suspended after refusing to comply with a federal court order to remove a rock inscribed with the Ten Commandments from the lobby of the Alabama Supreme Court building.
• 2004 – Versions of The Scream and Madonna, two paintings by Edvard Munch, are stolen at gunpoint from a museum in Oslo, Norway.
• 2006 – Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 612 crashes near the Russian border over eastern Ukraine, killing all 170 people on board.
• 2006 – Grigori Perelman is awarded the Fields Medal for his proof of the Poincaré conjecture in mathematics but refuses to accept the medal.
• 2007 – The Texas Rangers defeat the Baltimore Orioles 30–3, the most runs scored by a team in modern Major League Baseball history.
• 2012 – Ethnic clashes over grazing rights for cattle in Kenya's Tana River District result in more than 52 deaths.

• 1412 – Frederick II, Elector of Saxony (d. 1464)^[10]
• 1570 – Franz von Dietrichstein, Roman Catholic archbishop and cardinal (d. 1636)^[11]
• 1599 – Agatha Marie of Hanau, German noblewoman (d. 1636)

• 1601 – Georges de Scudéry, French author, poet, and playwright (d. 1667)
• 1624 – Jean Regnault de Segrais, French author and poet (d. 1701)
• 1647 – Denis Papin, French physicist and mathematician, developed pressure cooking (d. 1712)
• 1679 – Pierre Guérin de Tencin, French cardinal (d. 1758)
• 1760 – Pope Leo XII (d. 1829)
• 1764 – Charles Percier, French architect and interior designer (d. 1838)
• 1771 – Henry Maudslay, English engineer (d. 1831)
• 1773 – Aimé Bonpland, French botanist and explorer (d. 1858)
• 1778 – James Kirke Paulding, American poet, playwright, and politician, 11th United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1860)
• 1800 – Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1865)
• 1818 – Rudolf von Jhering, German jurist (d. 1892)^[12]
• 1827 – Ezra Butler Eddy, Canadian businessman and politician (d. 1906)
• 1834 – Samuel Pierpont Langley, American physicist and astronomer (d. 1906)
• 1836 – Archibald Willard, American soldier and painter (d. 1918)
• 1844 – George W. De Long, American Naval officer and explorer (d. 1881)
• 1845 – William Lewis Douglas, American businessman and politician, 42nd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1924)
• 1847 – John Forrest, Australian politician, 1st Premier of Western Australia (d. 1918)
• 1848 – Melville Elijah Stone, American publisher, founded the Chicago Daily News (d. 1929)
• 1854 – Milan I of Serbia (d. 1901)
• 1857 – Ned Hanlon, American baseball player and manager (d. 1937)
• 1860 – Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, Polish-German technician and inventor, created the Nipkow disk (d. 1940)
• 1860 – Alfred Ploetz, German physician, biologist, and eugenicist (d. 1940)
• 1862 – Claude Debussy, French pianist and composer (d. 1918)
• 1867 – Maximilian Bircher-Benner, Swiss physician and nutritionist (d. 1939)
• 1867 – Charles Francis Jenkins, American inventor (d. 1934)
• 1868 – Willis R. Whitney, American chemist (d. 1958)
• 1873 – Alexander Bogdanov, Russian physician and philosopher (d. 1928)
• 1874 – Max Scheler, German philosopher and author (d. 1928)
• 1880 – Gorch Fock, German author and poet (d. 1916)
• 1880 – George Herriman, American cartoonist (d. 1944)
• 1881 – Bede Jarrett, English Dominican priest (d. 1934)^[13]
• 1881 – James Newland, Australian soldier and policeman (d. 1949)^[14]
• 1882 – Raymonde de Laroche, French pilot (d. 1919)
• 1887 – Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, German jurist and politician, German Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1977)
• 1890 – Cecil Kellaway, South African actor (d. 1973)
• 1891 – Henry Bachtold, Australian soldier and railway engineer (d. 1983)
• 1891 – Jacques Lipchitz, Lithuanian-Italian sculptor (d. 1973)
• 1893 – Wilfred Kitching, English 7th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1977)
• 1893 – Dorothy Parker, American poet, short story writer, critic, and satirist (d. 1967)
• 1893 – Ernest H. Volwiler, American chemist (d. 1992)
• 1895 – László Almásy, Hungarian captain, pilot, and explorer (d. 1951)
• 1895 – Paul Comtois, Canadian lawyer and politician, 21st Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (d. 1966)
• 1896 – Laurence McKinley Gould, American geologist, educator, and polar explorer (d. 1995)
• 1897 – Bill Woodfull, Australian cricketer and educator (d. 1965)
• 1900 – Lisy Fischer, Swiss-born pianist and child prodigy (d. 1999)

• 1902 – Thomas Pelly, American lawyer and politician (d. 1973)
• 1902 – Leni Riefenstahl, German actress, film director and propagandist (d. 2003)
• 1902 – Edward Rowe Snow, American historian and author (d. 1982)
• 1903 – Jerry Iger, American cartoonist, co-founded Eisner & Iger (d. 1990)
• 1904 – Deng Xiaoping, Chinese soldier and politician, 1st Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1997)
• 1908 – Henri Cartier-Bresson, French photographer and painter (d. 2004)
• 1908 – Erwin Thiesies, German rugby player and coach (d. 1993)
• 1909 – Julius J. Epstein, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2000)
• 1909 – Mel Hein, American football player and coach (d. 1992)
• 1913 – Leonard Pagliero, English businessman and pilot (d. 2008)
• 1913 – Bruno Pontecorvo, Italian physicist and academic (d. 1993)
• 1914 – Jack Dunphy, American author and playwright (d. 1992)
• 1914 – Connie B. Gay, American businessman, co-founded the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum (d. 1989)
• 1915 – David Dellinger, American activist (d. 2004)
• 1915 – James Hillier, Canadian-American scientist, co-designed the electron microscope (d. 2007)
• 1915 – Edward Szczepanik, Polish economist and politician, 15th Prime Minister of the Polish Republic in Exile (d. 2005)
• 1917 – John Lee Hooker, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2001)
• 1918 – Mary McGrory, American journalist and author (d. 2004)
• 1920 – Ray Bradbury, American science fiction writer and screenwriter (d. 2012)^[15]
• 1920 – Denton Cooley, American surgeon and scientist (d. 2016)^[16]
• 1921 – Dinos Dimopoulos, Greek director and screenwriter (d. 2003)
• 1921 – Tony Pawson, English cricketer, footballer, and journalist (d. 2012)
• 1922 – Roberto Aizenberg, Argentine painter and sculptor (d. 1996)
• 1922 – Theoni V. Aldredge, Greek-American costume designer (d. 2011)
• 1922 – Frank Kelly Freas, American science fiction and fantasy artist (d. 2005)^[17]
• 1924 – James Kirkwood, Jr., American playwright and author (d. 1989)
• 1924 – Harishankar Parsai, Indian writer, satirist and humorist (d. 1995)
• 1925 – Honor Blackman, English actress and republican (d. 2020)^[18]
• 1926 – Marc Bohan, French fashion designer (d. 2023)^[19]
• 1926 – Bob Flanigan, American pop singer (d. 2011)
• 1928 – Tinga Seisay, Sierra Leonean academic and diplomat (d. 2015)
• 1928 – Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer and academic (d. 2007)^[20]
• 1929 – Valery Alekseyev, Russian anthropologist and author (d. 1991)
• 1929 – Roy Clay, American computer scientist (d. 2024)^[21]
• 1929 – Ulrich Wegener, German police officer and general (d. 2017)
• 1930 – Gylmar dos Santos Neves, Brazilian footballer (d. 2013)
• 1932 – Gerald P. Carr, American engineer, colonel, and astronaut (d. 2020)
• 1933 – Sylva Koscina, Italian actress (d. 1994)
• 1934 – Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr., American general and engineer (d. 2012)^[19]
• 1935 – Annie Proulx, American novelist, short story writer, and journalist^[19]
• 1936 – Chuck Brown, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2012)
• 1936 – John Callaway, American journalist and producer (d. 2009)
• 1936 – Dale Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2010)
• 1936 – Werner Stengel, German roller coaster designer and engineer, designed the Maverick roller coaster
• 1938 – Jean Berkey, American businesswoman and politician (d. 2013)
• 1939 – Valerie Harper, American actress (d. 2019)^[22]
• 1939 – Carl Yastrzemski, American baseball player^[23]
• 1941 – Bill Parcells, American football player and coach^[24]
• 1943 – Alun Michael, Welsh police commissioner and politician, inaugural First Minister of Wales
• 1943 – Masatoshi Shima, Japanese computer scientist and engineer, co-designed the Intel 4004
• 1944 – Roger Cashmore, English physicist and academic
• 1945 – David Chase, American screenwriter and producer^[25]
• 1945 – Ron Dante, American singer-songwriter and producer^[26]
• 1947 – Cindy Williams, American actress and producer^[27] (d. 2023)
• 1948 – David Marks, American singer-songwriter and guitarist^[25]
• 1949 – Diana Nyad, American swimmer and author^[19]
• 1949 – Joop Donkervoort, Dutch businessman^[28]
• 1950 – Ray Burris, American baseball player and coach
• 1950 – Scooter Libby, American lawyer and politician, Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the United States
• 1952 – Peter Laughner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1977)
• 1953 – Paul Ellering, American weightlifter, wrestler, and manager
• 1955 – Chiranjeevi, Indian film actor, producer and politician
• 1956 – Paul Molitor, American baseball player and coach^[19]
• 1956 – Peter Taylor, Australian cricketer
• 1957 – Steve Davis, English snooker player, sportscaster, and author
• 1957 – Holly Dunn, American country music singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
• 1958 – Colm Feore, American-Canadian actor
• 1958 – Stevie Ray, American wrestler
• 1958 – Vernon Reid, English-born American guitarist and songwriter^[25]
• 1959 – Juan Croucier, Cuban-American singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
• 1959 – Pia Gjellerup, Danish lawyer and politician, Danish Minister of Finance
• 1959 – Mark Williams, English actor
• 1960 – Holger Gehrke, German footballer and manager
• 1960 – Collin Raye, American country music singer^[25]
• 1960 – Regina Taylor, American actress and playwright^[25]
• 1961 – Andrés Calamaro, Argentine singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1961 – Roland Orzabal, English singer and musician^[25]
• 1961 – Debbi Peterson, American singer-songwriter and drummer^[25]
• 1962 – Stefano Tilli, Italian sprinter
• 1963 – Tori Amos, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer^[25]
• 1963 – James DeBarge, American R&B/soul singer^[25]
• 1964 – Mats Wilander, Swedish-American tennis player and coach^[19]
• 1965 – Wendy Botha, South African-Australian surfer
• 1965 – David Reimer, Canadian man, born male but reassigned female and raised as a girl after a botched circumcision (d. 2004)^[29]
• 1966 – GZA, American rapper and producer^[25]
• 1966 – Rob Witschge, Dutch footballer and manager
• 1967 – Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje, English actor^[25]
• 1967 – Ty Burrell, American actor and comedian^[25]
• 1967 – Paul Colman, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1967 – Layne Staley, American singer-songwriter (d. 2002)
• 1968 – Casper Christensen, Danish comedian, actor, and screenwriter
• 1968 – Aleksandr Mostovoi, Russian footballer
• 1968 – Elisabeth Murdoch, Australian businesswoman
• 1968 – Horst Skoff, Austrian tennis player (d. 2008)
• 1970 – Charlie Connelly, English author and broadcaster
• 1970 – Giada De Laurentiis, Italian-American chef and author^[25]
• 1970 – Tímea Nagy, Hungarian fencer^[30]
• 1971 – Richard Armitage, English actor^[19]
• 1971 – Craig Finn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1971 – Rick Yune, American actor^[25]
• 1972 – Okkert Brits, South African pole vaulter
• 1972 – Paul Doucette, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and drummer^[25]
• 1972 – Max Wilson, German-Brazilian race car driver
• 1973 – Roslina Bakar, Malaysian sport shooter^[31]
• 1973 – Howie Dorough, American singer-songwriter and dancer^[25]
• 1973 – Kristen Wiig, American actress, comedian, and screenwriter^[25]
• 1973 – Eurelijus Žukauskas, Lithuanian basketball player
• 1974 – Cory Gardner, American politician
• 1974 – Jenna Leigh Green, American actress and singer^[25]
• 1974 – Agustín Pichot, Argentinian rugby player
• 1975 – Clint Bolton, Australian footballer
• 1975 – Rodrigo Santoro, Brazilian actor
• 1976 – Marius Bezykornovas, Lithuanian footballer
• 1976 – Bryn Davies, American bassist, cellist, and pianist
• 1976 – Laurent Hernu, French decathlete
• 1976 – Jeff Weaver, American baseball player^[32]
• 1976 – Randy Wolf, American baseball player
• 1977 – Heiðar Helguson, Icelandic footballer
• 1977 – Keren Cytter, Israeli visual artist and writer
• 1978 – James Corden, English actor, comedian, writer, and television presenter^[25]
• 1978 – Ioannis Gagaloudis, Greek basketball player
• 1979 – Brandon Adams, American actor^[25]
• 1979 – Matt Walters, American football player
• 1980 – Roland Benschneider, German footballer
• 1980 – Nicolas Macrozonaris, Canadian sprinter
• 1980 – Seiko Yamamoto, Japanese wrestler
• 1981 – Alex Holmes, American football player
• 1981 – Jang Hyun-kyu, South Korean footballer (d. 2012)
• 1981 – Christina Obergföll, German athlete
• 1983 – Theo Bos, Dutch cyclist
• 1983 – Jahri Evans, American football player
• 1984 – Lee Camp, English footballer
• 1984 – Lawrence Quaye, Ghanaian-Qatari footballer
• 1985 – Luke Russert, American journalist
• 1985 – Jey Uso, Samoan-American wrestler
• 1985 – Jimmy Uso, Samoan-American wrestler
• 1985 – Salih Yoluç, Turkish race car drivr^[33]
• 1986 – Stephen Ireland, Irish footballer
• 1986 – Tokushōryū Makoto, Japanese sumo wrestler
• 1987 – Leonardo Moracci, Italian footballer
• 1987 – Apollo Crews, American wrestler
• 1989 – Giacomo Bonaventura, Italian footballer
• 1990 – Randall Cobb, American football player
• 1990 – Drew Hutchison, American baseball player
• 1990 – Robbie Rochow, Australian rugby league player
• 1990 – Adam Thielen, American football player^[34]
• 1991 – Federico Macheda, Italian footballer
• 1991 – Brayden Schenn, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1992 – Ema Burgić Bucko, Bosnian tennis player
• 1993 – Dillon Danis, American mixed martial artist^[35]
• 1994 – Israel Broussard, American actor^[19]
• 1994 – Olli Määttä, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1995 – Dua Lipa, English singer-songwriter^[36]
• 1996 – Jessica-Jane Applegate, British Paralympic swimmer^[37]
• 1996 – Jeon So-min, South Korean singer-songwriter^[38]
• 1997 – Maxx Crosby, American football player^[39]
• 1997 – Fanum, American streamer^[40]
• 1997 – Lautaro Martínez, Argentine footballer^[41]
• 2001 – LaMelo Ball, American basketball player^[42]
• 2003 – Cooper Connolly, Australian cricketer^[43]
• 2005 – Stiliana Nikolova, Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast^[44]

• 408 – Stilicho, Roman general (b. 359)
• 1155 – Emperor Konoe of Japan (b. 1139)
• 1241 – Pope Gregory IX, (b. 1143)
• 1280 – Pope Nicholas III (b. 1225)^[45]
• 1304 – John II, Count of Holland (b. 1247)
• 1338 – William II, Duke of Athens (b. 1312)
• 1350 – Philip VI of France (b. 1293)^[46]
• 1358 – Isabella of France (b. 1295)
• 1425 – Eleanor, Princess of Asturias (b. 1423)
• 1456 – Vladislav II of Wallachia
• 1485 – Richard III of England (b. 1452)^[47]
• 1485 – James Harrington, Yorkist knight
• 1485 – John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk (b. 1430)
• 1485 – Richard Ratcliffe, supporter of Richard III
• 1485 – William Brandon, supporter of Henry VII (b. 1426)
• 1532 – William Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1450)
• 1545 – Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English politician and husband of Mary Tudor (b. c. 1484)
• 1553 – John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, English admiral and politician, Lord President of the Council (b. 1504)
• 1572 – Thomas Percy, 7th Earl of Northumberland, English leader of the Rising of the North (b. 1528)
• 1584 – Jan Kochanowski, Polish poet and playwright (b. 1530)
• 1599 – Luca Marenzio, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1553)

• 1607 – Bartholomew Gosnold, English lawyer and explorer, founded the London Company (b. 1572)
• 1652 – Jacob De la Gardie, Estonian-Swedish soldier and politician, Lord High Constable of Sweden (b. 1583)
• 1664 – Maria Cunitz, Polish astronomer and author (b. 1610)
• 1680 – John George II, Elector of Saxony (b. 1613)
• 1681 – Philippe Delano, Dutch Plymouth Colony settler (b. 1602)
• 1701 – John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1628)
• 1711 – Louis François, duc de Boufflers, French general (b. 1644)
• 1752 – William Whiston, English mathematician, historian, and theologian (b. 1667)
• 1773 – George Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton, English poet and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1709)^[48]
• 1793 – Louis de Noailles, French general (b. 1713)
• 1797 – Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser, French-Austrian field marshal (b. 1724)
• 1806 – Jean-Honoré Fragonard, French painter and illustrator (b. 1732)
• 1818 – Warren Hastings, English lawyer and politician, 1st Governor-General of Bengal (b. 1732)
• 1828 – Franz Joseph Gall, Austrian neuroanatomist and physiologist (b. 1758)^[49]
• 1850 – Nikolaus Lenau, Romanian-Austrian poet and author (b. 1802)
• 1861 – Xianfeng, Emperor of China (b. 1831)
• 1888 – Ágoston Trefort, Hungarian jurist and politician, Hungarian Minister of Education (b. 1817)
• 1891 – Jan Neruda, Czech journalist, author, and poet (b. 1834)

• 1903 – Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1830)
• 1904 – Kate Chopin, American novelist and poet (b. 1850)
• 1909 – Henry Radcliffe Crocker, English dermatologist and author (b. 1846)
• 1914 – Giacomo Radini-Tedeschi, Italian bishop and academic (b. 1859)
• 1918 – Korbinian Brodmann, German neurologist and academic (b. 1868)
• 1920 – Anders Zorn, Swedish artist (b. 1860)
• 1922 – Michael Collins, Irish rebel, counter-intelligence and military tactician, and politician; 2nd Irish Minister of Finance (b. 1890)
• 1926 – Charles William Eliot, American academic (b. 1834)
• 1933 – Alexandros Kontoulis, Greek general and diplomat (b. 1858)
• 1940 – Oliver Lodge, English physicist and academic (b. 1851)
• 1940 – Gerald Strickland, 1st Baron Strickland, Maltese lawyer and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1861)
• 1942 – Michel Fokine, Russian dancer and choreographer (b. 1880)
• 1946 – Döme Sztójay, Hungarian general and politician, 35th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1883)
• 1950 – Kirk Bryan, American geologist and academic (b. 1888)
• 1951 – Jack Bickell, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1884)
• 1953 – Jim Tabor, American baseball player (b. 1916)
• 1958 – Roger Martin du Gard, French novelist and paleographer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
• 1960 – Johannes Sikkar, Estonian soldier and politician, Prime Minister of Estonia in exile (b. 1897)
• 1963 – William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield, English businessman and philanthropist, founded Morris Motors (b. 1877)
• 1967 – Gregory Goodwin Pincus, American biologist and academic, co-created the birth-control pill (b. 1903)
• 1970 – Vladimir Propp, Russian philologist and scholar (b. 1895)
• 1971 – Birger Nerman, Swedish archaeologist (b. 1888)^[50]
• 1974 – Jacob Bronowski, Polish-English mathematician, biologist, and author (b. 1908)
• 1976 – Gina Bachauer, Greek pianist and composer (b. 1913)
• 1976 – Juscelino Kubitschek, Brazilian physician and politician, 21st President of Brazil (b. 1902)
• 1977 – Sebastian Cabot, English actor (b. 1918)
• 1977 – Chunseong, Korean monk, philosopher and writer (b. 1891)
• 1977 – Rex Connor, Australian politician (b. 1907)^[51]
• 1978 – Jomo Kenyatta, Kenyan politician, 1st President of Kenya (b. 1894)
• 1979 – James T. Farrell, American novelist, short-story writer, and poet (b. 1904)
• 1980 – James Smith McDonnell, American pilot, engineer, and businessman, founded McDonnell Aircraft (b. 1899)
• 1981 – Vicente Manansala, Filipino painter (b. 1910)
• 1985 – Charles Gibson (historian), Historian of Mexico and its Indians, President of the American Historical Association (b. 1920)
• 1986 – Celâl Bayar, Turkish lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Turkey (b. 1883)
• 1987 – Joseph P. Lash, American author and journalist (b. 1909)
• 1989 – Robert Grondelaers, Belgian cyclist (b. 1933)
• 1989 – Huey P. Newton, American activist, co-founded the Black Panther Party (b. 1942)
• 1991 – Colleen Dewhurst, Canadian-American actress (b. 1924)
• 1991 – Boris Pugo, Russian soldier and politician, Soviet Minister of Interior (b. 1937)
• 1994 – Gilles Groulx, Canadian director and screenwriter (b. 1931)
• 1994 – Allan Houser, American sculptor and painter (b. 1914)
• 1995 – Johnny Carey, Irish footballer and manager (b. 1919)
• 1996 – Erwin Komenda, Austrian car designer and engineer (b. 1904)
• 2000 – Abulfaz Elchibey, 2nd President of Azerbaijan (b. 1938)
• 2003 – Arnold Gerschwiler, Swiss figure skater and coach (b. 1914)
• 2004 – Konstantin Aseev, Russian chess player and trainer (b. 1960)
• 2004 – Angus Bethune, Australian soldier and politician, 33rd Premier of Tasmania (b. 1908)
• 2004 – Daniel Petrie, Canadian director and producer (b. 1920)
• 2005 – Luc Ferrari, French-Italian director and composer (b. 1929)
• 2005 – Ernest Kirkendall, American chemist and metallurgist (b. 1914)
• 2007 – Grace Paley, American short story writer and poet (b. 1922)
• 2008 – Gladys Powers, English-Canadian soldier (b. 1899)
• 2009 – Muriel Duckworth, Canadian pacifist, feminist, and activist (b. 1908)^[52]
• 2009 – Elmer Kelton, American journalist and author (b. 1926)
• 2010 – Stjepan Bobek, Croatian footballer and manager (b. 1923)
• 2011 – Nick Ashford, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1942)
• 2011 – Jack Layton, Canadian academic and politician (b. 1950)
• 2011 – Casey Ribicoff, American philanthropist (b. 1922)
• 2012 – Nina Bawden, English author (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Paul Shan Kuo-hsi, Chinese cardinal (b. 1923)
• 2012 – Jeffrey Stone, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1926)
• 2013 – Paul Poberezny, American pilot and businessman, founded the Experimental Aircraft Association (b. 1921)
• 2013 – Andrea Servi, Italian footballer (b. 1984)
• 2014 – U. R. Ananthamurthy, Indian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1932)
• 2014 – Emmanuel Kriaras, Greek lexicographer and philologist (b. 1906)
• 2014 – Pete Ladygo, American football player and coach (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Noella Leduc, American baseball player (b. 1933)
• 2014 – John Sperling, American businessman, founded the University of Phoenix (b. 1921)
• 2014 – John S. Waugh, American chemist and academic (b. 1929)
• 2015 – Arthur Morris, Australian cricketer and journalist (b. 1922)
• 2015 – Ieng Thirith, Cambodian academic and politician (b. 1932)
• 2015 – Eric Thompson, English race car driver and book dealer (b. 1919)
• 2016 – S. R. Nathan, 6th President of Singapore (b. 1924)
• 2016 – Toots Thielemans, Belgian and American jazz musician (b. 1922)
• 2017 – Michael J. C. Gordon, British Computer scientist (b. 1948)
• 2018 – Ed King, American musician (b. 1949)^[53]
• 2018 – Krishna Reddy, Indian printmaker, sculptor and teacher (b. 1925)^[54]
• 2021 – Rod Gilbert, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1941)^[55]
• 2024 – Arthur J. Gregg, American military officer (b. 1928)^[56]

• Christian feast day:
  • Guinefort, the holy greyhound, feast day traditionally.^[57]
  • Immaculate Heart of Mary (Roman Catholic calendar of 1960)
  • Queenship of Mary
  • August 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• International Day Commemorating the Victims of Acts of Violence Based on Religion or Belief
• Earliest day on which National Heroes' Day (Philippines) can fall, while August 28 is the latest; celebrated on the fourth Monday in August.
• Flag Day (Russia)
• Madras Day (Chennai and Tamil Nadu, India)

• "On This Day". BBC.
• The New York Times: On This Day
• "Historical Events on August 22". OnThisDay.com.