Events from the year 1731 in art.

• János Krucsay donates the Krucsay Altar to the Franciscan Church in Nyírbátor
• Charles-Joseph Natoire receives his first commission from Philibert Orry.

• Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin – The White Tablecloth
• William Hogarth – A Harlot's Progress (paintings - lost in fire, 1755)
• Giovanni Paolo Panini – Interior of Saint Peter's
• Francesco Maria Schiaffino – Crucifix with Angels
• Andreas Silbermann – organ of the Saint-Maurice Church in Ebersmunster
• Willem Van der Hagen – State Ball in Dublin Castle
• Richard Waitt – The Cromartie Fool

• January 1 – Étienne-Pierre-Adrien Gois, French sculptor (died 1823)
• February 10 – Thomas Beckwith, English painter, genealogist and antiquary (died 1786)
• February 16 – Marcello Bacciarelli, Italian painter (died 1818)
• May 18 – José Camarón Bonanat, Spanish painter, mainly active in Valencia (died 1803)
• June 19 – Joaquim Machado de Castro, Portuguese sculptor (died 1822)
• June 20 – Pierre Julien, French sculptor (died 1804)
• July 1 – Johannes Wiedewelt, Danish neoclassical sculptor (died 1802)
• date unknown
  • Dirk van der Aa, Dutch painter (died 1809)
  • Pierre-Philippe Choffard, French draughtsman and engraver (died 1809)
  • Per Floding, Swedish designer and engraver (died 1791)
  • John Inigo Richards, English landscape painter (died 1810)
  • Paul Sandby, map-maker turned landscape painter in watercolours (died 1809)
  • Margareta Christina Giers, Swedish painter (died 1765)

• February 27 – Francis Bird, English sculptor (born 1667)
• March 6 – Johann Melchior Dinglinger, one of Europe's greatest goldsmiths, German artist in a Mannerist tradition into the "Age of Rococo" (born 1664)
• March 8 – Ferdinand Brokoff, Bohemian sculptor (born 1688)
• April 18 - Giovanna Fratellini, Italian painter of small miniature portraits (born 1666)
• June 6 – Giovanni Odazzi, Italian painter and etcher (born 1663)
• June 7 – William Aikman, Scottish-born portrait painter (born 1682)
• June 20 - Ned Ward, English writer and publican (born 1667)
• date unknown
  • Christopher Elias Heiss, German painter and printmaker (born 1660)
  • Yedikuleli Seyyid 'Abdullah Efendi, Ottoman calligrapher (born unknown)
  • Giovanni Camillo Sagrestani, Italian painter of the Baroque era in Florence (born 1660)
• probable – Bartolomeo Letterini, Italian painter from Venice (born 1669)