This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1552.

• June – Sir David Lyndsay's Middle Scots satirical morality play A Satire of the Three Estates first performed publicly in full, at Cupar in Fife.
• unknown dates
  • Giachem Bifrun produces the first printed book in the Swiss Romansh language (Putèr), Christiauna fuorma, a catechism.^[1]
  • Belgrade printing house is established.
  • Ralph Roister Doister, the first known comedy in the English, is written by London schoolmaster Nicholas Udall for his pupils to perform.^[2]

• Book of Common Prayer (revised)
• Bartolomé de las Casas – A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies (Brevísima relación de la destrucción de las Indias) (written 1542)^[3]
• François Rabelais – Le Quart Livre
• Gerónimo de Santa Fe (posthumously) – Hebræomastix
• Libellus de Medicinalibus Indorum Herbis (Little Book of the Medicinal Herbs of the Indians), composed in Nahuatl by Martín de la Cruz and translated into Latin by Juan Badiano.

• David Lyndsay – A Satire of the Three Estates (first public performance)
• Hans Sachs – Der Bauer im Fegefeuer

• See 1552 in poetry

• February 8 – Agrippa d'Aubigné, French Protestant poet (died 1630)
• unknown dates
  • Jean Bertaut, French poet (died 1611)
  • Philemon Holland, English translator and schoolmaster (died 1637)
  • Edmund Spenser, English poet (died 1599)^[4]
• probable – Cvijeta Zuzorić, Croatian poet (died 1648)

• June 10 – Alexander Barclay, probably Scottish-born English writer, cleric and translator (born c. 1476)
• October 17 – Andreas Osiander, German theologian (born 1498)
• December 11 – Paolo Giovio, Italian historian and biographer (born 1483)^[5]
• December 30 – Francisco de Enzinas, Spanish-born Netherlandish scholar and humanist (born c. 1518)^[6]