A mountaineer is a mountain climber.

Mountaineer may also refer to:

• Appalachian State Mountaineers, the athletic teams of Appalachian State University
• Eastern Oregon Mountaineers, the athletic teams of Eastern Oregon University
• Mansfield Mountaineers, the athletic teams of Mansfield University of Pennsylvania
• Mohawk Mountaineers, the athletic teams of Mohawk College
• West Virginia Mountaineers, the athletic teams of West Virginia University
  • West Virginia Mountaineer, mascot for the university
• Western State Colorado Mountaineers, the athletic teams of Western State Colorado University

• Mercury Mountaineer, a midsize sport utility vehicle (SUV) manufactured under the Mercury brand
• Rocky Mountaineer, a Canadian rail-tour company
• Mountaineer (train), a passenger train operated by Amtrak in the 1970s
• Mountaineer (train), a passenger train operated by the Boston and Maine Railroad in the 1940s and 1950s

• Mountaineers cricket team, a Zimbabwean first class cricket team.
• Mountaineers women's cricket team, a Zimbabwean women's cricket team.
• Mountaineer Power Plant, a major coal-fired electricity-generating station in New Haven, West Virginia, USA
• The Mountaineers (club) outdoor recreation club based in Seattle, WA
• The Mountaineer, a newspaper based in Waynesville, North Carolina
• The Mountaineer (Katoomba), an Australian newspaper in Katoomba, New South Wales (1894—1908)
• Bearded mountaineer, Oreonympha nobilis, a species of hummingbird