Jewish Communist Party may refer to:

• Jewish Communist Party — Poalei Zion, section of the Palestine Communist Party founded in Palestine 1919
• Jewish Communist Party (Poalei Zion) founded in Soviet Russia in 1919
• Jewish Communist Labour Party (Poalei Zion) founded in the Russian Empire in 1906
• Jewish Communist Party of Austria founded in 1919
• Jewish Communist Union (Poalei Zion) (the Komverband) an international federation of parties founded in 1921
• Jewish Communist Party in the Czechoslovak Republic, political party in Czechoslovakia

• Yevsektsiya - the Jewish Section of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
• Hebrew Communists, short-lived political party in Mandatory Palestine and Israel
• Jewish Bolshevism, antisemitic and anti-communist conspiracy theory