Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Breton
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Breton language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
See Breton dialects for a more thorough discussion of regional variation.
| Consonants
|
| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
| b
|
bag
|
best
|
| x
|
sac'h
|
roughly like loch in Scottish English
|
| ɣ
|
troc'hañ
|
Spanish agua
|
| d
|
don
|
doe
|
| f
|
fri
|
face
|
| ɡ
|
gad
|
got
|
| h
|
had
|
hot
|
| ʒ
|
jot
|
measure
|
| k
|
kazh
|
scan
|
| l
|
lann
|
lean
|
| ʎ
|
kuilh
|
roughly like million
|
| m
|
mab
|
mother
|
| n
|
noz
|
need
|
| ŋ
|
anken
|
camping
|
| ɲ
|
kignez
|
roughly like canyon
|
| p
|
per
|
spouse
|
| r
|
roue
|
trilled r
|
| ʁ
|
roughly like loch (Scottish English) but voiced, like gh in Scottish Gaelic
|
| s
|
skol
|
sack
|
| ʃ
|
sachañ
|
shine
|
| t
|
tal
|
sty
|
| v
|
aval
|
view
|
| z
|
azen
|
zeal
|
| Semivowels
|
| j
|
yod
|
yet
|
| w
|
gwenn
|
wet
|
| ɥ
|
kuit
|
like a simultaneous wet and yet
|
| Vowels
|
| monophthongs
|
| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
| a
|
kas
|
trap
|
| ɑː
|
tad
|
bra
|
| e
|
boest
|
hey (short)
|
| eː
|
per
|
hey (long)
|
| ɛ
|
gell
|
best
|
| ɛː
|
berr
|
fairy
|
| i
|
pik
|
seat
|
| iː
|
biz
|
see
|
| o
|
pok
|
story (short)
|
| oː
|
dor
|
story (long)
|
| ɔ
|
korn
|
off
|
| ɔː
|
torr
|
dog
|
| y
|
butun
|
roughly like root (some dialects)[1]; French tu
|
| yː
|
uvel
|
roughly like rude (some dialects)[1]; German über
|
| ə
|
ebeul (regional)
|
about
|
| ø
|
peulvan
|
roughly like bird (no r-colouring); French deux
|
| øː
|
eur
|
roughly like herd (no r-colouring); German schön
|
| œ
|
feurm
|
roughly like hurt (no r-colouring); French neuf
|
| u
|
toull
|
pool (short)
|
| uː
|
tour
|
pool (long)
|
| Nasals
|
| ã
|
amzer
|
roughly like on (American English), nasalized [ɒ] or [ɑ]. rendez-vous
|
| ãː
|
anat
|
|
| ẽ
|
renk
|
|
| ẽː
|
enez
|
|
| ɛ̃
|
peñs
|
roughly like man (RP); nasalized [æ] or [ɛ]
|
| ɛ̃ː
|
eñvor
|
|
| ĩ
|
biñs
|
|
| ĩ
|
fiñval
|
like Hindi नहीं
|
| ɔ̃
|
tonn
|
roughly like bone (American English); nasalized [o] or [ɔ]
|
| ɔ̃ː
|
ton
|
|
| ỹ
|
puñs
|
|
| ỹː
|
unan
|
|
| œ̃
|
feunteun
|
|
| œ̃ː
|
deun
|
| Diphthongs
|
| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
| ai
|
|
eye
|
| oi
|
|
boy
|
| ɔʊ
|
botoù
|
follow
|
| ei
|
eil
|
ray
|
| au
|
glav
|
house
|
| ɔu
|
paour
|
goal
|
| eu
|
bev
|
roughly like go (some dialects[2]); in other dialects, somewhat like eh-oo elided into a single syllable
|
| wɑ
|
koad
|
roughly like suave
|
| we
|
boued
|
roughly like way
|
| ɥi
|
skuizh
|
roughly like we
|
| iu
|
liv
|
ee-oo
|
Voiced and voiceless alternations
Consonants distributed for voiced/unvoiced contrast
| Voiceless
|
/p/ |
/f/ |
/t/ |
/s/ |
/ʃ/ |
/k/ |
/x/
|
| Voiced
|
/b/ |
/v/ |
/d/ |
/z/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɣ/
|
See also
Notes
- ^ a b These dialects include modern Received Pronunciation and most forms of English English (with some exceptions such as Yorkshire), Australian, New Zealand, White South African, Scottish, Ulster, Southern American, Midland American, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Western Pennsylvania and California English. Other dialects of English, such as Northern American, New York City, New England, African American Vernacular, Welsh and Republic of Ireland English, have no close equiavalent vowel.
- ^ These dialects include Southern England (including Received Pronunciation), English Midlands, Australian, New Zealand, the Southern American, Midland American, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Western Pennsylvania and younger Californian English. Other dialects of English, such as most other forms of American, Northern England, Welsh, Scottish and Irish English, have no close equivalent vowel.
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| Comparisons | |
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| Introductory guides | |
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