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December 2038 lunar eclipse

December 2038 lunar eclipse
Penumbral eclipse
The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left
DateDecember 11, 2038
Gamma−1.1448
Magnitude−0.2876
Saros cycle116 (59 of 73)
Penumbral258 minutes, 27 seconds
Contacts (UTC)
P115:34:24
Greatest17:45:00
P419:52:51

A penumbral lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Saturday, December 11, 2038,[1] with an umbral magnitude of −0.2876. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 3.3 days after apogee (on December 8, 2038, at 8:35 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be smaller.[2]

This eclipse will be the last of four penumbral lunar eclipses in 2038, with the others occurring on January 21, June 17, and July 16.

Visibility

The eclipse will be completely visible over northeast Africa, Europe, Asia, and Australia, seen rising over west and central Africa and setting over the central Pacific Ocean.[3]

Eclipse details

Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]

December 11, 2038 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Penumbral Magnitude 0.80623
Umbral Magnitude −0.28760
Gamma −1.14490
Sun Right Ascension 17h15m29.9s
Sun Declination -23°02'24.2"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'14.6"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.9"
Moon Right Ascension 05h16m16.9s
Moon Declination +22°00'57.8"
Moon Semi-Diameter 14'51.0"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°54'29.8"
ΔT 78.5 s

Eclipse season

See also: Eclipse cycle

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of December 2038
December 11
Ascending node (full moon)
 December 26
Descending node (new moon)
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 116		 Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 142

Eclipses in 2038

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Lunar Saros 116

Inex

Triad

Lunar eclipses of 2038–2042

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]

The penumbral lunar eclipses on January 21, 2038 and July 16, 2038 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the penumbral lunar eclipses on April 5, 2042 and September 29, 2042 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Lunar eclipse series sets from 2038 to 2042
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma
111 2038 Jun 17
 Penumbral
 1.3082 116 2038 Dec 11
 Penumbral
 −1.1448
121 2039 Jun 06
 Partial
 0.5460 126 2039 Nov 30
 Partial
 −0.4721
131 2040 May 26
 Total
 −0.1872 136 2040 Nov 18
 Total
 0.2361
141 2041 May 16
 Partial
 −0.9746 146 2041 Nov 08
 Partial
 0.9212
156 2042 Oct 28
 Penumbral
 −

Saros 116

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 116, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 73 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on March 11, 993 AD. It contains partial eclipses from June 16, 1155 through September 11, 1299; total eclipses from September 21, 1317 through July 11, 1786; and a second set of partial eclipses from July 22, 1804 through October 7, 1930. The series ends at member 73 as a penumbral eclipse on May 14, 2291.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 40 at 102 minutes, 40 seconds on May 16, 1696. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[6]

Greatest First
The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1696 May 16, lasting 102 minutes, 40 seconds.[7] Penumbral Partial Total Central
993 Mar 11
 1155 Jun 16
 1317 Sep 21
 1588 Mar 13
Last
Central Total Partial Penumbral
1750 Jun 19
 1786 Jul 11
 1930 Oct 07
 2291 May 14

Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1886 and 2200
1886 Feb 18
(Saros 102) 		1897 Jan 18
(Saros 103)
1951 Aug 17
(Saros 108) 		1962 Jul 17
(Saros 109) 		1973 Jun 15
(Saros 110) 		1984 May 15
(Saros 111)
1995 Apr 15
(Saros 112) 		2006 Mar 14
(Saros 113) 		2017 Feb 11
(Saros 114) 		2028 Jan 12
(Saros 115) 		2038 Dec 11
(Saros 116)
2049 Nov 09
(Saros 117) 		2060 Oct 09
(Saros 118) 		2071 Sep 09
(Saros 119) 		2082 Aug 08
(Saros 120) 		2093 Jul 08
(Saros 121)
2104 Jun 08
(Saros 122) 		2115 May 08
(Saros 123) 		2126 Apr 07
(Saros 124) 		2137 Mar 07
(Saros 125) 		2148 Feb 04
(Saros 126)
2159 Jan 04
(Saros 127) 		2169 Dec 04
(Saros 128) 		2180 Nov 02
(Saros 129) 		2191 Oct 02
(Saros 130)

Half-Saros cycle

A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[8] This lunar eclipse is related to two total solar eclipses of Solar Saros 123.

December 5, 2029 December 16, 2047

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "December 11–12, 2038 Penumbral Lunar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
  3. ^ "Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 2038 Dec 11" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
  4. ^ "Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 2038 Dec 11". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
  5. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  6. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 116". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
  7. ^ Listing of Eclipses of series 116
  8. ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros
Quelle: Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_2038_lunar_eclipse