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Yaquq

Yaquq
ياقوق
Village
Etymology: from personal name[1]
1870s map
1940s map
modern map
1940s with modern overlay map
A series of historical maps of the area around Yaquq (click the buttons)
Yaquq is located in Mandatory Palestine
Yaquq
Yaquq
Location within Mandatory Palestine
Coordinates: 32°53′5″N 35°28′44″E / 32.88472°N 35.47889°E / 32.88472; 35.47889
Palestine grid195/254
Geopolitical entityMandatory Palestine
SubdistrictTiberias
Date of depopulationMay, 1948[4]
Area
[3]
 • Total
4,229 dunams (4.229 km2 or 1.633 sq mi)
Population
 (1945)
 • Total
210[2][3]
Current LocalitiesHukok[5]

Yaquq (Arabic: ياقوق) was a Palestinian Arab village, which was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on May 1, 1948. It was located 12.5 km north of Tiberias and was built at the site of the ancient Jewish village of Huqoq.[6]

History

The site shows signs of early Canaanite settlement, and held by scholars to be the biblical Huqoq, known in Roman times as Hucuca.[7][8][9] The earliest mention of the name Yaquq is in the text Signs of the Tomb Inscription by Rabbi Jacob, emissary of the Yeshiva of Rabbi Jehiel of Paris (before 1257 CE).[10]

Ottoman era

In the 1596 tax records, Yaquq was a part of the Ottoman nahiya ("subdistrict") of Jira, part of Safad Sanjak. It had a population of 70 households and 2 bachelors, an estimated 396 persons, all Muslims. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 25% on a number of crops and produce, including wheat, barley and olives, goats, beehives, and a press which was either used for processing grapes or olives; a total of 5,186 akçe. 1/24 of the revenue went to a waqf.[11][12]

In 1838, Yaquq was noted as a Muslim village in the Esh-Shagur district, located between Safad, Acca and Tiberias.[13]

In 1875 Victor Guérin described the village as having about 20 stone houses.[14] In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described it as having about 200 Muslim inhabitants, surrounded by arable land. There were many cisterns in the area, and there was a "good spring" there.[15]

A population list from about 1887 showed that Yaquq had 105 inhabitants; all Muslim.[16]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Yaquq wa Mawasi had a population of 294; all Muslims,[17] decreasing in the 1931 census to 153; still all Muslims, in a total of 28 houses.[18]

In the 1945 statistics it had a population of 210 Muslims,[2] and the total land area was 8,507 dunams.[3][19] Of this, 1,010 dunams were used for cereals, 24 dunams irrigated or used for orchards,[20][21] while 13 dunams were built-up (urban) area.[22]

A kibbutz using the old Biblical name of Hukok was established near the site on 11 July 1945.[23]

1948, aftermath

Following its depopulation in May 1948, the village was used as a training site for the Israeli army until it was bulldozed in 1968.[24] Khalidi described the place in 1992:

Stone rubble covers the entire site. There is one palm tree in the center and an olive grove on the edge. Part of the surrounding land is cultivated by Israelis, while the remainder is used as a grazing area. A canal that passes to the west is part of the Israeli National Water Carrier, the water project that carries water from Lake Tiberias to the central coastal plains.[21]

References

  1. ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 138
  2. ^ a b Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 12
  3. ^ a b c Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 73
  4. ^ Morris, 2004, p. xvii, village #73. Gives cause of depopulation as "?"
  5. ^ Khalidi, 1992, p. 547
  6. ^ Ishtori Haparchi, Kaftor wa-Ferach vol. 2, (3rd edition, published by ed. Avraham Yosef Havatzelet), chapter 11, Jerusalem 2007, p. 54 (note 24) (Hebrew)
  7. ^ Conder and Kitchener (1881), SWP I, p.420
  8. ^ Khalidi, 1992, p.546
  9. ^ Leibner (2009), p. 151
  10. ^ Lissovsky, Nurit (2008). "Hukkok, Yaquq and Habakkuk's Tomb: Changes over Time and Space" Palestine Exploration Quarterly 140 (2): 103–118.
  11. ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 177. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 546
  12. ^ Note that Rhode, 1979, p. 6 Archived 2019-04-20 at the Wayback Machine writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9
  13. ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, 2nd appendix, p. 133
  14. ^ Guerin, 1880, p. 354 ff
  15. ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 364. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 547
  16. ^ Schumacher, 1888, p. 174
  17. ^ Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Tiberias, p. 39
  18. ^ Mills, 1932, p. 85
  19. ^ Khalidi, 1992, p.546
  20. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 123
  21. ^ a b Khalidi, 1992, p.547
  22. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 173
  23. ^ Ein Hokuk and the story of Habakkuk Ynetnews, 21 March 2007
  24. ^ Magness 2012.

Bibliography

32°53′05″N 35°28′44″E / 32.8847108638158°N 35.4789264922976°E / 32.8847108638158; 35.4789264922976

Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaquq